Explosive eruption of El Chichón volcano (Mexico) disrupted 6 th century Maya civilization and contributed to global cooling
International audience A remarkably long period of Northern Hemispheric cooling in the 6 th century CE, which disrupted human societies across large parts of the globe, has been attributed to volcanic forcing of climate. A major tropical eruption in 540 CE is thought to have played a key role, but t...
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Online Access: | https://hal-univ-tlse2.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01515945 https://hal-univ-tlse2.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01515945/document https://hal-univ-tlse2.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01515945/file/Nooren%20et%20al.Geology-2017-Nooren-175-8.pdf https://doi.org/10.1130/G38739.1 |
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ftccsdartic:oai:HAL:hal-01515945v1 2023-05-15T16:39:11+02:00 Explosive eruption of El Chichón volcano (Mexico) disrupted 6 th century Maya civilization and contributed to global cooling Nooren, Kees Hoek, Wim, Van Der Plicht, Hans Sigl, Michael Van Bergen, Manfred, Galop, Didier Torrescano-Valle, Nuria Islebe, Gerald Huizinga, Annika Winkels, Tim Middelkoop, Hans Faculty of Geosciences Utrecht Utrecht University Utrecht Centre for Isotope Research Groningen (CIO) University of Groningen Groningen Laboratory of Radio- and Environmental Chemistry Villigen Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI) Géographie de l'environnement (GEODE) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J) ECOSUR Unidad Chetumal EI Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR) Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología Mexico (CONACYT)-Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología Mexico (CONACYT) 2016 https://hal-univ-tlse2.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01515945 https://hal-univ-tlse2.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01515945/document https://hal-univ-tlse2.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01515945/file/Nooren%20et%20al.Geology-2017-Nooren-175-8.pdf https://doi.org/10.1130/G38739.1 en eng HAL CCSD Geological Society of America info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1130/G38739.1 hal-01515945 https://hal-univ-tlse2.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01515945 https://hal-univ-tlse2.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01515945/document https://hal-univ-tlse2.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01515945/file/Nooren%20et%20al.Geology-2017-Nooren-175-8.pdf doi:10.1130/G38739.1 info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess ISSN: 0091-7613 EISSN: 0091-7613 Geology https://hal-univ-tlse2.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01515945 Geology, Geological Society of America, 2016, 45 (2), pp.175-178. ⟨10.1130/G38739.1⟩ Mexico El Chichon volcano Maya societies [SDU.STU.VO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Volcanology [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2016 ftccsdartic https://doi.org/10.1130/G38739.1 2021-12-12T04:04:27Z International audience A remarkably long period of Northern Hemispheric cooling in the 6 th century CE, which disrupted human societies across large parts of the globe, has been attributed to volcanic forcing of climate. A major tropical eruption in 540 CE is thought to have played a key role, but there is no consensus about the source volcano to date. Here, we present evidence for El Chichón in southern Mexico as the most likely candidate, based on a refined reconstruction of the volcano's eruption history. A new chronological framework, derived from distal tephra deposits and the world's largest Holocene beach ridge plain along the Gulf of Mexico, enabled us to positively link a major explosive event to a prominent volcanic sulfur spike in bipolar ice core records, dated at 540 CE. We speculate that voluminous tephra fall from the eruption had a severe environmental impact on Maya societies, leading to temporary cultural decline, site abandonment, and migration within the core area of Maya civilization. Article in Journal/Newspaper ice core Archive ouverte HAL (Hyper Article en Ligne, CCSD - Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) Geology 45 2 175 178 |
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Open Polar |
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Archive ouverte HAL (Hyper Article en Ligne, CCSD - Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) |
op_collection_id |
ftccsdartic |
language |
English |
topic |
Mexico El Chichon volcano Maya societies [SDU.STU.VO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Volcanology [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes |
spellingShingle |
Mexico El Chichon volcano Maya societies [SDU.STU.VO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Volcanology [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes Nooren, Kees Hoek, Wim, Van Der Plicht, Hans Sigl, Michael Van Bergen, Manfred, Galop, Didier Torrescano-Valle, Nuria Islebe, Gerald Huizinga, Annika Winkels, Tim Middelkoop, Hans Explosive eruption of El Chichón volcano (Mexico) disrupted 6 th century Maya civilization and contributed to global cooling |
topic_facet |
Mexico El Chichon volcano Maya societies [SDU.STU.VO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Volcanology [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes |
description |
International audience A remarkably long period of Northern Hemispheric cooling in the 6 th century CE, which disrupted human societies across large parts of the globe, has been attributed to volcanic forcing of climate. A major tropical eruption in 540 CE is thought to have played a key role, but there is no consensus about the source volcano to date. Here, we present evidence for El Chichón in southern Mexico as the most likely candidate, based on a refined reconstruction of the volcano's eruption history. A new chronological framework, derived from distal tephra deposits and the world's largest Holocene beach ridge plain along the Gulf of Mexico, enabled us to positively link a major explosive event to a prominent volcanic sulfur spike in bipolar ice core records, dated at 540 CE. We speculate that voluminous tephra fall from the eruption had a severe environmental impact on Maya societies, leading to temporary cultural decline, site abandonment, and migration within the core area of Maya civilization. |
author2 |
Faculty of Geosciences Utrecht Utrecht University Utrecht Centre for Isotope Research Groningen (CIO) University of Groningen Groningen Laboratory of Radio- and Environmental Chemistry Villigen Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI) Géographie de l'environnement (GEODE) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J) ECOSUR Unidad Chetumal EI Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR) Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología Mexico (CONACYT)-Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología Mexico (CONACYT) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Nooren, Kees Hoek, Wim, Van Der Plicht, Hans Sigl, Michael Van Bergen, Manfred, Galop, Didier Torrescano-Valle, Nuria Islebe, Gerald Huizinga, Annika Winkels, Tim Middelkoop, Hans |
author_facet |
Nooren, Kees Hoek, Wim, Van Der Plicht, Hans Sigl, Michael Van Bergen, Manfred, Galop, Didier Torrescano-Valle, Nuria Islebe, Gerald Huizinga, Annika Winkels, Tim Middelkoop, Hans |
author_sort |
Nooren, Kees |
title |
Explosive eruption of El Chichón volcano (Mexico) disrupted 6 th century Maya civilization and contributed to global cooling |
title_short |
Explosive eruption of El Chichón volcano (Mexico) disrupted 6 th century Maya civilization and contributed to global cooling |
title_full |
Explosive eruption of El Chichón volcano (Mexico) disrupted 6 th century Maya civilization and contributed to global cooling |
title_fullStr |
Explosive eruption of El Chichón volcano (Mexico) disrupted 6 th century Maya civilization and contributed to global cooling |
title_full_unstemmed |
Explosive eruption of El Chichón volcano (Mexico) disrupted 6 th century Maya civilization and contributed to global cooling |
title_sort |
explosive eruption of el chichón volcano (mexico) disrupted 6 th century maya civilization and contributed to global cooling |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
https://hal-univ-tlse2.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01515945 https://hal-univ-tlse2.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01515945/document https://hal-univ-tlse2.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01515945/file/Nooren%20et%20al.Geology-2017-Nooren-175-8.pdf https://doi.org/10.1130/G38739.1 |
genre |
ice core |
genre_facet |
ice core |
op_source |
ISSN: 0091-7613 EISSN: 0091-7613 Geology https://hal-univ-tlse2.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01515945 Geology, Geological Society of America, 2016, 45 (2), pp.175-178. ⟨10.1130/G38739.1⟩ |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1130/G38739.1 hal-01515945 https://hal-univ-tlse2.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01515945 https://hal-univ-tlse2.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01515945/document https://hal-univ-tlse2.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01515945/file/Nooren%20et%20al.Geology-2017-Nooren-175-8.pdf doi:10.1130/G38739.1 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1130/G38739.1 |
container_title |
Geology |
container_volume |
45 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
175 |
op_container_end_page |
178 |
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