A new record of Atlantic sea surface salinity from 1896 to 2013 reveals the signatures of climate variability and long-term trends
International audience Sea surface salinity (SSS) is a major ocean circulation component and indicator of the hydrological cycle. Here we investigate an unprecedented Atlantic SSS compilation from 1896 to 2013 and analyze the main modes of SSS decadal variability. Using principal component analysis,...
Published in: | Geophysical Research Letters |
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Main Authors: | , , , |
Other Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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HAL CCSD
2017
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Online Access: | https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-01475952 https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-01475952v2/document https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-01475952v2/file/Friedman_et_al-2017-Geophysical_Research_Letters.pdf https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GL072582 |
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Archive ouverte HAL (Hyper Article en Ligne, CCSD - Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) |
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English |
topic |
[SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology |
spellingShingle |
[SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology Friedman, Andrew R. Reverdin, Gilles Khodri, Myriam Gastineau, Guillaume A new record of Atlantic sea surface salinity from 1896 to 2013 reveals the signatures of climate variability and long-term trends |
topic_facet |
[SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology |
description |
International audience Sea surface salinity (SSS) is a major ocean circulation component and indicator of the hydrological cycle. Here we investigate an unprecedented Atlantic SSS compilation from 1896 to 2013 and analyze the main modes of SSS decadal variability. Using principal component analysis, we find that the low-latitude (tropical and subtropical) Atlantic and the subpolar Atlantic have distinct variability. Subpolar and low-latitude SSS are negatively correlated, with subpolar anomalies leading low-latitude anomalies by about a decade. Subpolar SSS varies in phase with the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO), whereas low-latitude SSS varies in phase with the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). Additionally, northern tropical SSS is anticorrelated with Sahel rainfall, suggesting that SSS reflects the Intertropical Convergence Zone latitude. The 1896–2013 SSS trend shows amplification of the mean SSS field, with subpolar freshening and low-latitude salinification. The AMO and NAO have little effect on the long-term trend but contribute to the trend since 1970. |
author2 |
Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN) Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)) École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris) Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris) Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Interactions et Processus au sein de la couche de Surface Océanique (IPSO) Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)) Processus de la variabilité climatique tropicale et impacts (PARVATI) ANR-13-SENV-0002,MORDICUS,Oscillations et rétroactions climatiques aux échelles décennales : mécanismes, sensibilité et incertitudes(2013) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Friedman, Andrew R. Reverdin, Gilles Khodri, Myriam Gastineau, Guillaume |
author_facet |
Friedman, Andrew R. Reverdin, Gilles Khodri, Myriam Gastineau, Guillaume |
author_sort |
Friedman, Andrew R. |
title |
A new record of Atlantic sea surface salinity from 1896 to 2013 reveals the signatures of climate variability and long-term trends |
title_short |
A new record of Atlantic sea surface salinity from 1896 to 2013 reveals the signatures of climate variability and long-term trends |
title_full |
A new record of Atlantic sea surface salinity from 1896 to 2013 reveals the signatures of climate variability and long-term trends |
title_fullStr |
A new record of Atlantic sea surface salinity from 1896 to 2013 reveals the signatures of climate variability and long-term trends |
title_full_unstemmed |
A new record of Atlantic sea surface salinity from 1896 to 2013 reveals the signatures of climate variability and long-term trends |
title_sort |
new record of atlantic sea surface salinity from 1896 to 2013 reveals the signatures of climate variability and long-term trends |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-01475952 https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-01475952v2/document https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-01475952v2/file/Friedman_et_al-2017-Geophysical_Research_Letters.pdf https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GL072582 |
genre |
North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation |
op_source |
ISSN: 0094-8276 EISSN: 1944-8007 Geophysical Research Letters https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-01475952 Geophysical Research Letters, American Geophysical Union, 2017, 44 (4), pp.1866-1876. ⟨10.1002/2017GL072582⟩ http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2017GL072582/abstract;jsessionid=D8B5A2ECAAA063B0E0FEBDD6209DB911.f03t03 |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1002/2017GL072582 hal-01475952 https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-01475952 https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-01475952v2/document https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-01475952v2/file/Friedman_et_al-2017-Geophysical_Research_Letters.pdf doi:10.1002/2017GL072582 IRD: fdi:010069291 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GL072582 https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GL072582/abstract;jsessionid=D8B5A2ECAAA063B0E0FEBDD6209DB911.f03t03 |
container_title |
Geophysical Research Letters |
_version_ |
1766131435731681280 |
spelling |
ftccsdartic:oai:HAL:hal-01475952v2 2023-05-15T17:33:04+02:00 A new record of Atlantic sea surface salinity from 1896 to 2013 reveals the signatures of climate variability and long-term trends Friedman, Andrew R. Reverdin, Gilles Khodri, Myriam Gastineau, Guillaume Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN) Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)) École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris) Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris) Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Interactions et Processus au sein de la couche de Surface Océanique (IPSO) Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)) Processus de la variabilité climatique tropicale et impacts (PARVATI) ANR-13-SENV-0002,MORDICUS,Oscillations et rétroactions climatiques aux échelles décennales : mécanismes, sensibilité et incertitudes(2013) 2017-02-28 https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-01475952 https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-01475952v2/document https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-01475952v2/file/Friedman_et_al-2017-Geophysical_Research_Letters.pdf https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GL072582 en eng HAL CCSD American Geophysical Union info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1002/2017GL072582 hal-01475952 https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-01475952 https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-01475952v2/document https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-01475952v2/file/Friedman_et_al-2017-Geophysical_Research_Letters.pdf doi:10.1002/2017GL072582 IRD: fdi:010069291 info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess ISSN: 0094-8276 EISSN: 1944-8007 Geophysical Research Letters https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-01475952 Geophysical Research Letters, American Geophysical Union, 2017, 44 (4), pp.1866-1876. ⟨10.1002/2017GL072582⟩ http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2017GL072582/abstract;jsessionid=D8B5A2ECAAA063B0E0FEBDD6209DB911.f03t03 [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2017 ftccsdartic https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GL072582 https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GL072582/abstract;jsessionid=D8B5A2ECAAA063B0E0FEBDD6209DB911.f03t03 2021-12-05T02:52:04Z International audience Sea surface salinity (SSS) is a major ocean circulation component and indicator of the hydrological cycle. Here we investigate an unprecedented Atlantic SSS compilation from 1896 to 2013 and analyze the main modes of SSS decadal variability. Using principal component analysis, we find that the low-latitude (tropical and subtropical) Atlantic and the subpolar Atlantic have distinct variability. Subpolar and low-latitude SSS are negatively correlated, with subpolar anomalies leading low-latitude anomalies by about a decade. Subpolar SSS varies in phase with the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO), whereas low-latitude SSS varies in phase with the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). Additionally, northern tropical SSS is anticorrelated with Sahel rainfall, suggesting that SSS reflects the Intertropical Convergence Zone latitude. The 1896–2013 SSS trend shows amplification of the mean SSS field, with subpolar freshening and low-latitude salinification. The AMO and NAO have little effect on the long-term trend but contribute to the trend since 1970. Article in Journal/Newspaper North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation Archive ouverte HAL (Hyper Article en Ligne, CCSD - Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) Geophysical Research Letters |