Air-ice carbon pathways inferred from a sea ice tank experiment
International audience Given rapid sea ice changes in the Arctic Ocean in the context of climate warming, better constraints on the role of sea ice in CO 2 cycling are needed to assess the capacity of polar oceans to buffer the rise of atmospheric CO 2 concentration. Air-ice CO 2 fluxes were measure...
Published in: | Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
Other Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
HAL CCSD
2016
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Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01406226 https://doi.org/10.12952/journal.elementa.000112 |
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ftccsdartic:oai:HAL:hal-01406226v1 |
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Open Polar |
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Archive ouverte HAL (Hyper Article en Ligne, CCSD - Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) |
op_collection_id |
ftccsdartic |
language |
English |
topic |
[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere |
spellingShingle |
[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere Kotovitch, Marie Moreau, Sébastien Zhou, Jiayun Vancoppenolle, Martin Dieckmann, Gerhard S. Evers, K.-U. Linden, F., Thomas, David N. Tison, Jean-Louis Delille, Bruno Air-ice carbon pathways inferred from a sea ice tank experiment |
topic_facet |
[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere |
description |
International audience Given rapid sea ice changes in the Arctic Ocean in the context of climate warming, better constraints on the role of sea ice in CO 2 cycling are needed to assess the capacity of polar oceans to buffer the rise of atmospheric CO 2 concentration. Air-ice CO 2 fluxes were measured continuously using automated chambers from the initial freezing of a sea ice cover until its decay during the INTERICE V experiment at the Hamburg Ship Model Basin. Cooling seawater prior to sea ice formation acted as a sink for atmospheric CO 2 , but as soon as the first ice crystals started to form, sea ice turned to a source of CO 2 , which lasted throughout the whole ice growth phase. Once ice decay was initiated by warming the atmosphere, the sea ice shifted back again to a sink of CO 2 . Direct measurements of outward ice-atmosphere CO 2 fluxes were consistent with the depletion of dissolved inorganic carbon in the upper half of sea ice. Combining measured air-ice CO 2 fluxes with the partial pressure of CO 2 in sea ice, we determined strongly different gas transfer coefficients of CO 2 at the air-ice interface between the growth and the decay phases (from 2.5 to 0.4 mol m −2 d −1 atm −1 ). A 1D sea ice carbon cycle model including gas physics and carbon biogeochemistry was used in various configurations in order to interpret the observations. All model simulations correctly predicted the sign of the air-ice flux. By contrast, the amplitude of the flux was much more variable between the different simulations. In none of the simulations was the dissolved gas pathway strong enough to explain the large fluxes during ice growth. This pathway weakness is due to an intrinsic limitation of ice-air fluxes of dissolved CO 2 by the slow transport of dissolved inorganic carbon in the ice. The best means we found to explain the high air-ice carbon fluxes during ice growth is an intense yet uncertain gas bubble efflux, requiring sufficient bubble nucleation and upwards rise. We therefore call for further investigation of ... |
author2 |
Unité d'Océanographie Chimique Interfacultary Center for Marine Research (MARE) Université de Liège-Université de Liège Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies Horbat (IMAS) University of Tasmania Hobart, Australia (UTAS) Nucleus for European Modeling of the Ocean (NEMO R&D ) Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN) Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)) École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris) Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris) Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)) Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI) Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE) School of Ocean Sciences Menai Bridge Bangor University Laboratoire de Glaciologie Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Kotovitch, Marie Moreau, Sébastien Zhou, Jiayun Vancoppenolle, Martin Dieckmann, Gerhard S. Evers, K.-U. Linden, F., Thomas, David N. Tison, Jean-Louis Delille, Bruno |
author_facet |
Kotovitch, Marie Moreau, Sébastien Zhou, Jiayun Vancoppenolle, Martin Dieckmann, Gerhard S. Evers, K.-U. Linden, F., Thomas, David N. Tison, Jean-Louis Delille, Bruno |
author_sort |
Kotovitch, Marie |
title |
Air-ice carbon pathways inferred from a sea ice tank experiment |
title_short |
Air-ice carbon pathways inferred from a sea ice tank experiment |
title_full |
Air-ice carbon pathways inferred from a sea ice tank experiment |
title_fullStr |
Air-ice carbon pathways inferred from a sea ice tank experiment |
title_full_unstemmed |
Air-ice carbon pathways inferred from a sea ice tank experiment |
title_sort |
air-ice carbon pathways inferred from a sea ice tank experiment |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01406226 https://doi.org/10.12952/journal.elementa.000112 |
geographic |
Arctic Arctic Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Sea ice |
op_source |
EISSN: 2325-1026 Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01406226 Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene, University of California Press, 2016, 4, pp.000112. ⟨10.12952/journal.elementa.000112⟩ |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.12952/journal.elementa.000112 hal-01406226 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01406226 doi:10.12952/journal.elementa.000112 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.12952/journal.elementa.000112 |
container_title |
Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene |
container_volume |
4 |
_version_ |
1766349083584233472 |
spelling |
ftccsdartic:oai:HAL:hal-01406226v1 2023-05-15T15:18:55+02:00 Air-ice carbon pathways inferred from a sea ice tank experiment Kotovitch, Marie Moreau, Sébastien Zhou, Jiayun Vancoppenolle, Martin Dieckmann, Gerhard S. Evers, K.-U. Linden, F., Thomas, David N. Tison, Jean-Louis Delille, Bruno Unité d'Océanographie Chimique Interfacultary Center for Marine Research (MARE) Université de Liège-Université de Liège Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies Horbat (IMAS) University of Tasmania Hobart, Australia (UTAS) Nucleus for European Modeling of the Ocean (NEMO R&D ) Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN) Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)) École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris) Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris) Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)) Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI) Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE) School of Ocean Sciences Menai Bridge Bangor University Laboratoire de Glaciologie Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB) 2016 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01406226 https://doi.org/10.12952/journal.elementa.000112 en eng HAL CCSD University of California Press info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.12952/journal.elementa.000112 hal-01406226 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01406226 doi:10.12952/journal.elementa.000112 EISSN: 2325-1026 Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01406226 Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene, University of California Press, 2016, 4, pp.000112. ⟨10.12952/journal.elementa.000112⟩ [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2016 ftccsdartic https://doi.org/10.12952/journal.elementa.000112 2021-12-05T02:56:16Z International audience Given rapid sea ice changes in the Arctic Ocean in the context of climate warming, better constraints on the role of sea ice in CO 2 cycling are needed to assess the capacity of polar oceans to buffer the rise of atmospheric CO 2 concentration. Air-ice CO 2 fluxes were measured continuously using automated chambers from the initial freezing of a sea ice cover until its decay during the INTERICE V experiment at the Hamburg Ship Model Basin. Cooling seawater prior to sea ice formation acted as a sink for atmospheric CO 2 , but as soon as the first ice crystals started to form, sea ice turned to a source of CO 2 , which lasted throughout the whole ice growth phase. Once ice decay was initiated by warming the atmosphere, the sea ice shifted back again to a sink of CO 2 . Direct measurements of outward ice-atmosphere CO 2 fluxes were consistent with the depletion of dissolved inorganic carbon in the upper half of sea ice. Combining measured air-ice CO 2 fluxes with the partial pressure of CO 2 in sea ice, we determined strongly different gas transfer coefficients of CO 2 at the air-ice interface between the growth and the decay phases (from 2.5 to 0.4 mol m −2 d −1 atm −1 ). A 1D sea ice carbon cycle model including gas physics and carbon biogeochemistry was used in various configurations in order to interpret the observations. All model simulations correctly predicted the sign of the air-ice flux. By contrast, the amplitude of the flux was much more variable between the different simulations. In none of the simulations was the dissolved gas pathway strong enough to explain the large fluxes during ice growth. This pathway weakness is due to an intrinsic limitation of ice-air fluxes of dissolved CO 2 by the slow transport of dissolved inorganic carbon in the ice. The best means we found to explain the high air-ice carbon fluxes during ice growth is an intense yet uncertain gas bubble efflux, requiring sufficient bubble nucleation and upwards rise. We therefore call for further investigation of ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctic Ocean Sea ice Archive ouverte HAL (Hyper Article en Ligne, CCSD - Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) Arctic Arctic Ocean Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene 4 |