Paleoenvironmental Reconstruction and Timeline of a Dorset-Thule Settlement at Quaqtaq (Nunavik, Canada)
International audience A geoarchaeological and paleobotanical study of a Paleoeskimo and Neoeskimo site was undertaken in order to reconstruct site-formation processes. The study site JfEl-10 is located on Igloo Island, in Diana Bay, on the southern shore of Hudson Strait. It contains a peat-mineral...
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ftccsdartic:oai:HAL:hal-01331183v1 2023-05-15T14:14:27+02:00 Paleoenvironmental Reconstruction and Timeline of a Dorset-Thule Settlement at Quaqtaq (Nunavik, Canada) Bhiry, Najat Marguerie, Dominique Lofthouse, Susan Centre d'études nordiques et Département de Géographie Université Laval Québec (ULaval) Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution Rennes (ECOBIO) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1) Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES) Avataq Cultural Institute Private Institue NSERC grant "From Tuniit to Inuit project' CURA Program; IPEV 2016-05 https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01331183 https://doi.org/10.1657/AAAR0015-045 en eng HAL CCSD University of Colorado at Boulder, Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1657/AAAR0015-045 hal-01331183 https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01331183 doi:10.1657/AAAR0015-045 ISSN: 1523-0430 Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01331183 Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research, University of Colorado at Boulder, Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, 2016, 48 (2), pp.293-313. ⟨10.1657/AAAR0015-045⟩ [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2016 ftccsdartic https://doi.org/10.1657/AAAR0015-045 2021-11-07T04:18:10Z International audience A geoarchaeological and paleobotanical study of a Paleoeskimo and Neoeskimo site was undertaken in order to reconstruct site-formation processes. The study site JfEl-10 is located on Igloo Island, in Diana Bay, on the southern shore of Hudson Strait. It contains a peat-mineral deposit situated between two successive beach crests, close to a small marsh. Samples from the edge of the site, which consists of a remarkable section of stratigraphy 60 cm thick that contains alternating brown organic beds and light-colored sand beds, were examined in the laboratory. Macrofossil data and pollen data were used to reconstruct the local and regional vegetation and to determine climatic changes over the past 1200 years. The geoarchaeological study includes the stratigraphy and the sedimentology of archaeological sediments. The evolution of the site followed three successive environmental phases, and the site was home to two distinct cultures. The first phase (from ca. 1200 to ca. 950 cal. yr B.P.) was characterized by cold and mesic conditions and the Dorset occupation. In the second phase, conditions became more humid beginning ca. 950 cal. yr B.P. and lasted for approximately 450 years. This period is marked by the arrival of Thule Inuit, who hunted marine mammals in the vicinity. Zooarchaeological information indicated a fall/winter occupation during the Thule Inuit period. The third phase corresponds with the onset of the Little Ice Age (A.D. 1500–1850) and associated cooling. During this time, the Thule Inuit abandoned the site. If the increased cooling caused an earlier freeze-up of Diana Bay, this may have prevented the movement of walrus to their haul-out island during fall. Additionally, the faster accumulation of thick ice would have limited the hunting of seals through their breathing holes Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarctic and Alpine Research Arctic Arctic and Alpine Research Hudson Strait inuit Nunavik walrus* Archive ouverte HAL (Hyper Article en Ligne, CCSD - Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) Canada Diana Bay ENVELOPE(-69.915,-69.915,60.917,60.917) Hudson Hudson Strait ENVELOPE(-70.000,-70.000,62.000,62.000) Igloo Island ENVELOPE(-69.902,-69.902,60.839,60.839) Nunavik Quaqtaq ENVELOPE(-69.615,-69.615,61.034,61.034) Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research 48 2 293 313 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Archive ouverte HAL (Hyper Article en Ligne, CCSD - Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) |
op_collection_id |
ftccsdartic |
language |
English |
topic |
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] |
spellingShingle |
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] Bhiry, Najat Marguerie, Dominique Lofthouse, Susan Paleoenvironmental Reconstruction and Timeline of a Dorset-Thule Settlement at Quaqtaq (Nunavik, Canada) |
topic_facet |
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] |
description |
International audience A geoarchaeological and paleobotanical study of a Paleoeskimo and Neoeskimo site was undertaken in order to reconstruct site-formation processes. The study site JfEl-10 is located on Igloo Island, in Diana Bay, on the southern shore of Hudson Strait. It contains a peat-mineral deposit situated between two successive beach crests, close to a small marsh. Samples from the edge of the site, which consists of a remarkable section of stratigraphy 60 cm thick that contains alternating brown organic beds and light-colored sand beds, were examined in the laboratory. Macrofossil data and pollen data were used to reconstruct the local and regional vegetation and to determine climatic changes over the past 1200 years. The geoarchaeological study includes the stratigraphy and the sedimentology of archaeological sediments. The evolution of the site followed three successive environmental phases, and the site was home to two distinct cultures. The first phase (from ca. 1200 to ca. 950 cal. yr B.P.) was characterized by cold and mesic conditions and the Dorset occupation. In the second phase, conditions became more humid beginning ca. 950 cal. yr B.P. and lasted for approximately 450 years. This period is marked by the arrival of Thule Inuit, who hunted marine mammals in the vicinity. Zooarchaeological information indicated a fall/winter occupation during the Thule Inuit period. The third phase corresponds with the onset of the Little Ice Age (A.D. 1500–1850) and associated cooling. During this time, the Thule Inuit abandoned the site. If the increased cooling caused an earlier freeze-up of Diana Bay, this may have prevented the movement of walrus to their haul-out island during fall. Additionally, the faster accumulation of thick ice would have limited the hunting of seals through their breathing holes |
author2 |
Centre d'études nordiques et Département de Géographie Université Laval Québec (ULaval) Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution Rennes (ECOBIO) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1) Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES) Avataq Cultural Institute Private Institue NSERC grant "From Tuniit to Inuit project' CURA Program; IPEV |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Bhiry, Najat Marguerie, Dominique Lofthouse, Susan |
author_facet |
Bhiry, Najat Marguerie, Dominique Lofthouse, Susan |
author_sort |
Bhiry, Najat |
title |
Paleoenvironmental Reconstruction and Timeline of a Dorset-Thule Settlement at Quaqtaq (Nunavik, Canada) |
title_short |
Paleoenvironmental Reconstruction and Timeline of a Dorset-Thule Settlement at Quaqtaq (Nunavik, Canada) |
title_full |
Paleoenvironmental Reconstruction and Timeline of a Dorset-Thule Settlement at Quaqtaq (Nunavik, Canada) |
title_fullStr |
Paleoenvironmental Reconstruction and Timeline of a Dorset-Thule Settlement at Quaqtaq (Nunavik, Canada) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Paleoenvironmental Reconstruction and Timeline of a Dorset-Thule Settlement at Quaqtaq (Nunavik, Canada) |
title_sort |
paleoenvironmental reconstruction and timeline of a dorset-thule settlement at quaqtaq (nunavik, canada) |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01331183 https://doi.org/10.1657/AAAR0015-045 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-69.915,-69.915,60.917,60.917) ENVELOPE(-70.000,-70.000,62.000,62.000) ENVELOPE(-69.902,-69.902,60.839,60.839) ENVELOPE(-69.615,-69.615,61.034,61.034) |
geographic |
Canada Diana Bay Hudson Hudson Strait Igloo Island Nunavik Quaqtaq |
geographic_facet |
Canada Diana Bay Hudson Hudson Strait Igloo Island Nunavik Quaqtaq |
genre |
Antarctic and Alpine Research Arctic Arctic and Alpine Research Hudson Strait inuit Nunavik walrus* |
genre_facet |
Antarctic and Alpine Research Arctic Arctic and Alpine Research Hudson Strait inuit Nunavik walrus* |
op_source |
ISSN: 1523-0430 Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01331183 Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research, University of Colorado at Boulder, Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, 2016, 48 (2), pp.293-313. ⟨10.1657/AAAR0015-045⟩ |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1657/AAAR0015-045 hal-01331183 https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01331183 doi:10.1657/AAAR0015-045 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1657/AAAR0015-045 |
container_title |
Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research |
container_volume |
48 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
293 |
op_container_end_page |
313 |
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1766286899551404032 |