Impact of climate change on Antarctic krill

• Published in: Marine Ecology Progress Series
• Main Authors: Flores, H., Atkinson, A., Kawaguchi, S., Krafft, B. A., Milinevsky, G., Nicol, S., Reiss, C., Tarling, G. A., Werner, R., Rebolledo, E. Bravo, Cirelli, V., Cuzin-Roudy, J., Fielding, S., Groeneveld, J. J., Haraldsson, M., Lombana, A., Marschoff, E., Meyer, B., Pakhomov, E. A., Rombola, E., Schmidt, K., Siegel, V., Teschke, M., Tonkes, H., Toullec, Jean-Yves, Trathan, P. N., Tremblay, N., Van de Putte, A. P., Van Franeker, J. A., Werner, T.
• Other Authors: Institute for Marine Resources & Ecosystem Studies (IMARES), Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), British Antarctic Survey (BAS), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Australian Antarctic Division (AAD), Australian Government, Department of the Environment and Energy, Institute of Marine Research Bergen (IMR), University of Bergen (UiB), Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukrainian Antarctic Center, Southwest Fisheries Science Center (SWFSC), NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)-National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Physikalisches Institut II-Experimentalphysik II, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen = Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, Wageningen University and Research Wageningen (WUR), Fundación Vida Silvestre Argentina (FVSA), Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Observatoire océanologique de Villefranche-sur-mer (OOVM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Consultant to the Ministry of Economic Affairs, University of Gothenburg (GU), World Wide Fund (WWF), Instituto Antártico Argentino, Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement IRD : UR219-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Earth and Ocean Sciences Vancouver (EOS), University of British Columbia (UBC), DLR Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre (IPA), Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt Oberpfaffenhofen-Wessling (DLR), Institute for Sea Fisheries, Adaptation et Biologie des Invertébrés en Conditions Extrêmes (ABICE), Adaptation et diversité en milieu marin (AD2M), Station biologique de Roscoff Roscoff (SBR), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff Roscoff (SBR), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Royal Belgian Institute for Natural Sciences, European Commission, DG MARE SI2.588382, Netherlands' Polar Programme (NPP) 851.03.000, Dutch Ministry for Economic Affairs, Agriculture and Innovation (Statutory Research Tasks Nature and Environment) WOT-04-003-002, IMARES
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: HAL CCSD 2012
• Subjects: Euphausia superba; Climate change; Sea ice; Ocean acidification; UV radiation; Fisheries management; CCAMLR; Southern Ocean; [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]; [SDE]Environmental Sciences; Antarctic; Antarc*; Antarctic Krill
• Online Access: https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01250922; https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01250922/document; https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01250922/file/m458p001.pdf; https://doi.org/10.3354/meps09831

International audience Antarctic krill Euphausia superba (hereafter `krill') occur in regions undergoing rapid environmental change, particularly loss of winter sea ice. During recent years, harvesting of krill has in creased, possibly enhancing stress on krill and Antarctic ecosystems. Here we review the overall impact of climate change on krill and Antarctic ecosystems, discuss implications for an ecosystem-based fisheries management approach and identify critical knowledge gaps. Sea ice decline, ocean warming and other environmental stressors act in concert to modify the abundance, distribution and life cycle of krill. Although some of these changes can have positive effects on krill, their cumulative impact is most likely negative. Recruitment, driven largely by the winter survival of larval krill, is probably the population parameter most susceptible to climate change. Predicting changes to krill populations is urgent, because they will seriously impact Antarctic ecosystems. Such predictions, however, are complicated by an intense inter-annual variability in recruitment success and krill abundance. To improve the responsiveness of the ecosystem-based management approach adopted by the Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR), critical knowledge gaps need to be filled. In addition to a better understanding of the factors influencing recruitment, management will require a better understanding of the resilience and the genetic plasticity of krill life stages, and a quantitative understanding of under-ice and benthic habitat use. Current precautionary management measures of CCAMLR should be maintained until a better understanding of these processes has been achieved. [GRAPHICS] .