Arctic underwater noise transients from sea ice deformation: characteristics, annual time series, and forcing in Beaufort Sea

• Published in: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
• Main Authors: Bazile Kinda, G, Simard, Yvan, Gervaise, Cedric, Mars, Jerome, Fortier, Louis
• Other Authors: GIPSA - Signal Images Physique (GIPSA-SIGMAPHY), Département Images et Signal (GIPSA-DIS), Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR), Institut Maurice Lamontagne, Pêches et Océans Canada, Chaire CHORUS - Fondation Grenoble-INP, Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology, Université Laval Québec (ULaval), Coopérations et mobilités internationales Rhône-Alpes 2013, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Network of Centres of Excellence ArcticNet, Fonds québecois de recherche nature et technologie, Europôle Mer
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: HAL CCSD 2015
• Subjects: [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing; [SDE]Environmental Sciences; Arctic; Arctic Ocean; Beaufort Sea; Chukchi; Sea ice
• Online Access: https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01199284; https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01199284/document; https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01199284/file/2015_JASA_Kinda.pdf; https://doi.org/10.1121/1.4929491

International audience A 13-month time series of Arctic Ocean noise from the marginal ice zone of Eastern Beaufort Sea is analyzed to detect under-ice acoustic transients isolated from ambient noise with a dedicated algorithm. Noise transients due to ice cracking, fracturing, shearing, and ridging are sorted out into 3 categories: broadband impulses, frequency modulated (FM) tones, and high-frequency broadband noise. Their temporal and acoustic characteristics over the 8-month ice covered period, from November 2005 to mid-June 2006, are presented and their generation mechanisms are discussed. Correlations analyses showed that the occurrence of these ice transients responded to large-scale ice motion and deformation rates forced by meteorological events, often leading to opening of large-scale leads at main discontinuities in the ice cover. Such a sequence, resulting in the opening of a large lead, hundreds by tens km in size, along the margin of landfast ice and multiyear ice plume in Beaufort-Chukchi seas is detailed. These ice transients largely contribute to the soundscape properties of the Arctic Ocean, for both its ambient and total noise components. Some FM tonal transients can be confounded with marine mammal songs, especially when they are repeated, with periods similar to wind generated waves.