Group Size Effect on the Success of Wolves Hunting
20 pages, 4 figures, 8 references. Other author's papers can be downloaded at http://www.denys-dutykh.com/ Social foraging shows unexpected features such as the existence of a group size threshold to accomplish a successful hunt. Above this threshold, additional individuals do not increase the...
Main Authors: | , , , , |
---|---|
Other Authors: | , , , , , , |
Format: | Report |
Language: | English |
Published: |
HAL CCSD
2015
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01182799 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01182799/document https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01182799/file/RE-DD-etal-CriticalSize-2015.pdf |
id |
ftccsdartic:oai:HAL:hal-01182799v1 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftccsdartic:oai:HAL:hal-01182799v1 2023-05-15T15:51:23+02:00 Group Size Effect on the Success of Wolves Hunting Escobedo, Ramon Dutykh, Denys Muro, Cristina Spector, Lee Coppinger, Raymond Basque Center for Applied Mathematics (BCAM) Basque Center for Applied Mathematics Laboratoire de Mathématiques (LAMA) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry ) AEPA-Euskadi (AEPA) School of Cognitive Science Amherst Hampshire College Amherst 2015-08-03 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01182799 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01182799/document https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01182799/file/RE-DD-etal-CriticalSize-2015.pdf en eng HAL CCSD info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/arxiv/1508.00684 hal-01182799 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01182799 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01182799/document https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01182799/file/RE-DD-etal-CriticalSize-2015.pdf ARXIV: 1508.00684 info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01182799 2015 Collective animal behavior social foraging in carnivores computational agent-based model dynamical systems stability and bifurcation 37N25 92-08 92B05 [SDV.BIBS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM] [SDV.OT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Other [q-bio.OT] [SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment/Symbiosis [SDV.BA.ZV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Vertebrate Zoology info:eu-repo/semantics/preprint Preprints, Working Papers, . 2015 ftccsdartic 2021-10-10T00:31:44Z 20 pages, 4 figures, 8 references. Other author's papers can be downloaded at http://www.denys-dutykh.com/ Social foraging shows unexpected features such as the existence of a group size threshold to accomplish a successful hunt. Above this threshold, additional individuals do not increase the probability of capturing the prey. Recent direct observations of wolves (Canis lupus) in Yellowstone Park show that the group size threshold when hunting its most formidable prey, bison (Bison bison), is nearly three times greater than when hunting elk (Cervus elaphus), a prey that is considerably less challenging to capture than bison. These observations provide empirical support to a computational particle model of group hunting which was previously shown to be effective in explaining why hunting success peaks at apparently small pack sizes when hunting elk. The model is based on considering two critical distances between wolves and prey: the minimal safe distance at which wolves stand from the prey, and the avoidance distance at which wolves move away from each other when they approach the prey. The minimal safe distance is longer when the prey is more dangerous to hunt. We show that the model explains effectively that the group size threshold is greater when the minimal safe distance is longer. Actually, the model reveals that the group size threshold results from the nonlinear combination of the variations of both critical distances. Although both distances are longer when the prey is more dangerous, they contribute oppositely to the value of the group size threshold: the group size threshold is smaller when the avoidance distance is longer. This unexpected mechanism gives rise to a global increase of the group size threshold when considering bison with respect to elk, but other prey more dangerous than elk can lead to specific critical distances that can give rise to the same group size threshold. Our results show that the computational model can guide further research on group size effects, suggesting that more ... Report Canis lupus Bison bison bison Archive ouverte HAL (Hyper Article en Ligne, CCSD - Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Archive ouverte HAL (Hyper Article en Ligne, CCSD - Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) |
op_collection_id |
ftccsdartic |
language |
English |
topic |
Collective animal behavior social foraging in carnivores computational agent-based model dynamical systems stability and bifurcation 37N25 92-08 92B05 [SDV.BIBS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM] [SDV.OT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Other [q-bio.OT] [SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment/Symbiosis [SDV.BA.ZV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Vertebrate Zoology |
spellingShingle |
Collective animal behavior social foraging in carnivores computational agent-based model dynamical systems stability and bifurcation 37N25 92-08 92B05 [SDV.BIBS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM] [SDV.OT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Other [q-bio.OT] [SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment/Symbiosis [SDV.BA.ZV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Vertebrate Zoology Escobedo, Ramon Dutykh, Denys Muro, Cristina Spector, Lee Coppinger, Raymond Group Size Effect on the Success of Wolves Hunting |
topic_facet |
Collective animal behavior social foraging in carnivores computational agent-based model dynamical systems stability and bifurcation 37N25 92-08 92B05 [SDV.BIBS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM] [SDV.OT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Other [q-bio.OT] [SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment/Symbiosis [SDV.BA.ZV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Vertebrate Zoology |
description |
20 pages, 4 figures, 8 references. Other author's papers can be downloaded at http://www.denys-dutykh.com/ Social foraging shows unexpected features such as the existence of a group size threshold to accomplish a successful hunt. Above this threshold, additional individuals do not increase the probability of capturing the prey. Recent direct observations of wolves (Canis lupus) in Yellowstone Park show that the group size threshold when hunting its most formidable prey, bison (Bison bison), is nearly three times greater than when hunting elk (Cervus elaphus), a prey that is considerably less challenging to capture than bison. These observations provide empirical support to a computational particle model of group hunting which was previously shown to be effective in explaining why hunting success peaks at apparently small pack sizes when hunting elk. The model is based on considering two critical distances between wolves and prey: the minimal safe distance at which wolves stand from the prey, and the avoidance distance at which wolves move away from each other when they approach the prey. The minimal safe distance is longer when the prey is more dangerous to hunt. We show that the model explains effectively that the group size threshold is greater when the minimal safe distance is longer. Actually, the model reveals that the group size threshold results from the nonlinear combination of the variations of both critical distances. Although both distances are longer when the prey is more dangerous, they contribute oppositely to the value of the group size threshold: the group size threshold is smaller when the avoidance distance is longer. This unexpected mechanism gives rise to a global increase of the group size threshold when considering bison with respect to elk, but other prey more dangerous than elk can lead to specific critical distances that can give rise to the same group size threshold. Our results show that the computational model can guide further research on group size effects, suggesting that more ... |
author2 |
Basque Center for Applied Mathematics (BCAM) Basque Center for Applied Mathematics Laboratoire de Mathématiques (LAMA) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry ) AEPA-Euskadi (AEPA) School of Cognitive Science Amherst Hampshire College Amherst |
format |
Report |
author |
Escobedo, Ramon Dutykh, Denys Muro, Cristina Spector, Lee Coppinger, Raymond |
author_facet |
Escobedo, Ramon Dutykh, Denys Muro, Cristina Spector, Lee Coppinger, Raymond |
author_sort |
Escobedo, Ramon |
title |
Group Size Effect on the Success of Wolves Hunting |
title_short |
Group Size Effect on the Success of Wolves Hunting |
title_full |
Group Size Effect on the Success of Wolves Hunting |
title_fullStr |
Group Size Effect on the Success of Wolves Hunting |
title_full_unstemmed |
Group Size Effect on the Success of Wolves Hunting |
title_sort |
group size effect on the success of wolves hunting |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01182799 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01182799/document https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01182799/file/RE-DD-etal-CriticalSize-2015.pdf |
genre |
Canis lupus Bison bison bison |
genre_facet |
Canis lupus Bison bison bison |
op_source |
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01182799 2015 |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/arxiv/1508.00684 hal-01182799 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01182799 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01182799/document https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01182799/file/RE-DD-etal-CriticalSize-2015.pdf ARXIV: 1508.00684 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
_version_ |
1766386574197522432 |