Decadal changes in climate and ecosystems in the North Atlantic Ocean and adjacent seas
International audience Climate change is unambiguous and its effects are clearly detected in all functional units of the Earth system.This study presents new analyses of sea-surface temperature changes and show that climate change is affecting ecosystems of the North Atlantic. Changes are seen from...
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Online Access: | https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00828579 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.12.022 |
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ftccsdartic:oai:HAL:hal-00828579v1 2023-05-15T15:48:03+02:00 Decadal changes in climate and ecosystems in the North Atlantic Ocean and adjacent seas Beaugrand, Gregory Laboratoire d’Océanologie et de Géosciences (LOG) - UMR 8187 (LOG) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS) 2009 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00828579 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.12.022 en eng HAL CCSD Elsevier info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.12.022 hal-00828579 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00828579 doi:10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.12.022 ISSN: 0967-0645 Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00828579 Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, Elsevier, 2009, 56, pp.656-673. ⟨10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.12.022⟩ [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2009 ftccsdartic https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.12.022 2021-12-19T03:17:32Z International audience Climate change is unambiguous and its effects are clearly detected in all functional units of the Earth system.This study presents new analyses of sea-surface temperature changes and show that climate change is affecting ecosystems of the North Atlantic. Changes are seen from phytoplankton to zooplankton to fish and are modifying the dominance of species and the structure, the diversity and the functioning of marine ecosystems. Changes also range from phenological to biogeographical shift sand have involved in some regions of the Atlantic abrupt ecosystem shifts. These alterations reflect a response of pelagic ecosystems to a warmer temperature regime. Mechanisms are complex because they are nonlinear exhibiting tipping points and varying in space and time. Sensitivity of organisms to temperature changes is high, implicating that a small temperature modification can have sustained ecosystem effects. Implications of these changes for biogeochemical cycles are discussed.Two observed changes detected in the North Sea that could have opposite effects on carbon cycle are discussed. Increase in phytoplankton, as inferred from the phytoplankton colour index derived from the Continuous Plankton Recorder (CPR) survey, has been detected in the North Sea. This pattern has been accompanied by a reduction in the abundance of the herbivorous species Calanus finmarchicus. This might have reduced the grazing pressure and increase diatomaceous 'fluff', therefore carbon export in the North Sea.Therefore, it could be argued that the biological carbon pump might increase in this region with sea warming. In the meantime, however, the mean size of organisms (calanoidcopepods) has dropped. Such changes have implications for the turnover time of biogenic carbon in plankton organisms and the mean residence time of particulate carbon they produce. The system characterising the warmer period is more based on recycling and less on export. The increase in the minimum turnover time indicates an increase in the ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Calanus finmarchicus North Atlantic Archive ouverte HAL (Hyper Article en Ligne, CCSD - Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 56 8-10 656 673 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Archive ouverte HAL (Hyper Article en Ligne, CCSD - Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) |
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ftccsdartic |
language |
English |
topic |
[SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography |
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[SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography Beaugrand, Gregory Decadal changes in climate and ecosystems in the North Atlantic Ocean and adjacent seas |
topic_facet |
[SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography |
description |
International audience Climate change is unambiguous and its effects are clearly detected in all functional units of the Earth system.This study presents new analyses of sea-surface temperature changes and show that climate change is affecting ecosystems of the North Atlantic. Changes are seen from phytoplankton to zooplankton to fish and are modifying the dominance of species and the structure, the diversity and the functioning of marine ecosystems. Changes also range from phenological to biogeographical shift sand have involved in some regions of the Atlantic abrupt ecosystem shifts. These alterations reflect a response of pelagic ecosystems to a warmer temperature regime. Mechanisms are complex because they are nonlinear exhibiting tipping points and varying in space and time. Sensitivity of organisms to temperature changes is high, implicating that a small temperature modification can have sustained ecosystem effects. Implications of these changes for biogeochemical cycles are discussed.Two observed changes detected in the North Sea that could have opposite effects on carbon cycle are discussed. Increase in phytoplankton, as inferred from the phytoplankton colour index derived from the Continuous Plankton Recorder (CPR) survey, has been detected in the North Sea. This pattern has been accompanied by a reduction in the abundance of the herbivorous species Calanus finmarchicus. This might have reduced the grazing pressure and increase diatomaceous 'fluff', therefore carbon export in the North Sea.Therefore, it could be argued that the biological carbon pump might increase in this region with sea warming. In the meantime, however, the mean size of organisms (calanoidcopepods) has dropped. Such changes have implications for the turnover time of biogenic carbon in plankton organisms and the mean residence time of particulate carbon they produce. The system characterising the warmer period is more based on recycling and less on export. The increase in the minimum turnover time indicates an increase in the ... |
author2 |
Laboratoire d’Océanologie et de Géosciences (LOG) - UMR 8187 (LOG) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Beaugrand, Gregory |
author_facet |
Beaugrand, Gregory |
author_sort |
Beaugrand, Gregory |
title |
Decadal changes in climate and ecosystems in the North Atlantic Ocean and adjacent seas |
title_short |
Decadal changes in climate and ecosystems in the North Atlantic Ocean and adjacent seas |
title_full |
Decadal changes in climate and ecosystems in the North Atlantic Ocean and adjacent seas |
title_fullStr |
Decadal changes in climate and ecosystems in the North Atlantic Ocean and adjacent seas |
title_full_unstemmed |
Decadal changes in climate and ecosystems in the North Atlantic Ocean and adjacent seas |
title_sort |
decadal changes in climate and ecosystems in the north atlantic ocean and adjacent seas |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2009 |
url |
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00828579 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.12.022 |
genre |
Calanus finmarchicus North Atlantic |
genre_facet |
Calanus finmarchicus North Atlantic |
op_source |
ISSN: 0967-0645 Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00828579 Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, Elsevier, 2009, 56, pp.656-673. ⟨10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.12.022⟩ |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.12.022 hal-00828579 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00828579 doi:10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.12.022 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.12.022 |
container_title |
Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography |
container_volume |
56 |
container_issue |
8-10 |
container_start_page |
656 |
op_container_end_page |
673 |
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1766383059130646528 |