Development of a robust marine ecosystem model to predict the role of iron in biogeochemical cycles: A comparison of results for iron-replete and iron-limited areas, and the SOIREE iron-enrichment experiment

International audience A new mixed layer multi-nutrient ecosystem model, incorporating diatoms, non-diatoms and zooplankton, is described that models the role of iron in marine biogeochemical cycles. The internal cell biochemistry of the phytoplankton is modelled using the mechanistic model of Flynn...

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Published in:Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers
Main Authors: Fasham, M., Flynn, Kevin, Pondaven, Philippe, Anderson, T. R., Boyd, P. W.
Other Authors: National Oceanography Centre (NOC), Institute of Environmental Sustainability, Swansea University, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), NIWA Centre for Chemical and Physical Oceanography, Dept. of Chemistry
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: HAL CCSD 2006
Subjects:
Online Access:https://hal.univ-brest.fr/hal-00635636
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2005.09.011
id ftccsdartic:oai:HAL:hal-00635636v1
record_format openpolar
institution Open Polar
collection Archive ouverte HAL (Hyper Article en Ligne, CCSD - Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)
op_collection_id ftccsdartic
language English
topic Ecosystem model
Iron limitation
Diatom growth
Carbon budgets
Nutrient cycles
Export flux
Southern Ocean
Kerguelen islands time-series station
SOIREE site
North Atlantic
Biotrans station
[SDE]Environmental Sciences
spellingShingle Ecosystem model
Iron limitation
Diatom growth
Carbon budgets
Nutrient cycles
Export flux
Southern Ocean
Kerguelen islands time-series station
SOIREE site
North Atlantic
Biotrans station
[SDE]Environmental Sciences
Fasham, M.,
Flynn, Kevin,
Pondaven, Philippe
Anderson, T. R.
Boyd, P. W.
Development of a robust marine ecosystem model to predict the role of iron in biogeochemical cycles: A comparison of results for iron-replete and iron-limited areas, and the SOIREE iron-enrichment experiment
topic_facet Ecosystem model
Iron limitation
Diatom growth
Carbon budgets
Nutrient cycles
Export flux
Southern Ocean
Kerguelen islands time-series station
SOIREE site
North Atlantic
Biotrans station
[SDE]Environmental Sciences
description International audience A new mixed layer multi-nutrient ecosystem model, incorporating diatoms, non-diatoms and zooplankton, is described that models the role of iron in marine biogeochemical cycles. The internal cell biochemistry of the phytoplankton is modelled using the mechanistic model of Flynn [2001. A mechanistic model for describing dynamic multi-nutrient, light, temperature interactions in phytoplankton. Journal of Plankton Research 23, 977-997] in which the internal cell concentrations of chlorophyll, nitrogen, silica, and iron are all dynamic variables that respond to external nutrient concentrations and light levels. Iron stress in phytoplankton feeds back into chlorophyll synthesis and changes in photosynthetic unit (PSU) size, thereby reducing their growth rate. Because diatom silicon metabolism is inextricably linked with cell division, diatom population density (cell m−3) is modelled as well as C biomass. An optimisation technique was used to fit the model to three time-series datasets at Biotrans (47°N, 20°W) and Kerfix (50°40′S, 68°25′E) and the observations for the Southern Ocean Iron-Release Experiment (SOIREE) iron-enrichment experiment (61°S, 140°E). The model gives realistic simulations of the annual cycles of nutrients, phytoplankton, and primary production at Biotrans and Kerfix and can also accurately simulate an iron fertilisation experiment. Specifically, the model predicts the high values of diatom Si:N and Si:C ratios observed in areas where iron is a limiting factor on algal growth. In addition, the model results at Kerfix confirm previous suggestions that underwater light levels have a more limiting effect on phytoplankton growth than iron supply. The model is also used to calculate C budgets and C and Si export from the mixed layer. The implications of these results for developing biogeochemical models incorporating the role of iron are discussed.
author2 National Oceanography Centre (NOC)
Institute of Environmental Sustainability
Swansea University
Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR)
Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM)
Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
NIWA Centre for Chemical and Physical Oceanography
Dept. of Chemistry
format Article in Journal/Newspaper
author Fasham, M.,
Flynn, Kevin,
Pondaven, Philippe
Anderson, T. R.
Boyd, P. W.
author_facet Fasham, M.,
Flynn, Kevin,
Pondaven, Philippe
Anderson, T. R.
Boyd, P. W.
author_sort Fasham, M.,
title Development of a robust marine ecosystem model to predict the role of iron in biogeochemical cycles: A comparison of results for iron-replete and iron-limited areas, and the SOIREE iron-enrichment experiment
title_short Development of a robust marine ecosystem model to predict the role of iron in biogeochemical cycles: A comparison of results for iron-replete and iron-limited areas, and the SOIREE iron-enrichment experiment
title_full Development of a robust marine ecosystem model to predict the role of iron in biogeochemical cycles: A comparison of results for iron-replete and iron-limited areas, and the SOIREE iron-enrichment experiment
title_fullStr Development of a robust marine ecosystem model to predict the role of iron in biogeochemical cycles: A comparison of results for iron-replete and iron-limited areas, and the SOIREE iron-enrichment experiment
title_full_unstemmed Development of a robust marine ecosystem model to predict the role of iron in biogeochemical cycles: A comparison of results for iron-replete and iron-limited areas, and the SOIREE iron-enrichment experiment
title_sort development of a robust marine ecosystem model to predict the role of iron in biogeochemical cycles: a comparison of results for iron-replete and iron-limited areas, and the soiree iron-enrichment experiment
publisher HAL CCSD
publishDate 2006
url https://hal.univ-brest.fr/hal-00635636
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2005.09.011
geographic Southern Ocean
Kerguelen
Kerguelen Islands
geographic_facet Southern Ocean
Kerguelen
Kerguelen Islands
genre Kerguelen Islands
North Atlantic
Southern Ocean
genre_facet Kerguelen Islands
North Atlantic
Southern Ocean
op_source ISSN: 0967-0637
Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers
https://hal.univ-brest.fr/hal-00635636
Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, Elsevier, 2006, 53 (2), pp.333-366. ⟨10.1016/j.dsr.2005.09.011⟩
op_relation info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1016/j.dsr.2005.09.011
hal-00635636
https://hal.univ-brest.fr/hal-00635636
doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2005.09.011
op_doi https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2005.09.011
container_title Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers
container_volume 53
container_issue 2
container_start_page 333
op_container_end_page 366
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spelling ftccsdartic:oai:HAL:hal-00635636v1 2023-05-15T17:02:09+02:00 Development of a robust marine ecosystem model to predict the role of iron in biogeochemical cycles: A comparison of results for iron-replete and iron-limited areas, and the SOIREE iron-enrichment experiment Fasham, M., Flynn, Kevin, Pondaven, Philippe Anderson, T. R. Boyd, P. W. National Oceanography Centre (NOC) Institute of Environmental Sustainability Swansea University Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR) Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM) Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) NIWA Centre for Chemical and Physical Oceanography Dept. of Chemistry 2006-02-14 https://hal.univ-brest.fr/hal-00635636 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2005.09.011 en eng HAL CCSD Elsevier info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1016/j.dsr.2005.09.011 hal-00635636 https://hal.univ-brest.fr/hal-00635636 doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2005.09.011 ISSN: 0967-0637 Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers https://hal.univ-brest.fr/hal-00635636 Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, Elsevier, 2006, 53 (2), pp.333-366. ⟨10.1016/j.dsr.2005.09.011⟩ Ecosystem model Iron limitation Diatom growth Carbon budgets Nutrient cycles Export flux Southern Ocean Kerguelen islands time-series station SOIREE site North Atlantic Biotrans station [SDE]Environmental Sciences info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2006 ftccsdartic https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2005.09.011 2021-12-19T03:33:48Z International audience A new mixed layer multi-nutrient ecosystem model, incorporating diatoms, non-diatoms and zooplankton, is described that models the role of iron in marine biogeochemical cycles. The internal cell biochemistry of the phytoplankton is modelled using the mechanistic model of Flynn [2001. A mechanistic model for describing dynamic multi-nutrient, light, temperature interactions in phytoplankton. Journal of Plankton Research 23, 977-997] in which the internal cell concentrations of chlorophyll, nitrogen, silica, and iron are all dynamic variables that respond to external nutrient concentrations and light levels. Iron stress in phytoplankton feeds back into chlorophyll synthesis and changes in photosynthetic unit (PSU) size, thereby reducing their growth rate. Because diatom silicon metabolism is inextricably linked with cell division, diatom population density (cell m−3) is modelled as well as C biomass. An optimisation technique was used to fit the model to three time-series datasets at Biotrans (47°N, 20°W) and Kerfix (50°40′S, 68°25′E) and the observations for the Southern Ocean Iron-Release Experiment (SOIREE) iron-enrichment experiment (61°S, 140°E). The model gives realistic simulations of the annual cycles of nutrients, phytoplankton, and primary production at Biotrans and Kerfix and can also accurately simulate an iron fertilisation experiment. Specifically, the model predicts the high values of diatom Si:N and Si:C ratios observed in areas where iron is a limiting factor on algal growth. In addition, the model results at Kerfix confirm previous suggestions that underwater light levels have a more limiting effect on phytoplankton growth than iron supply. The model is also used to calculate C budgets and C and Si export from the mixed layer. The implications of these results for developing biogeochemical models incorporating the role of iron are discussed. Article in Journal/Newspaper Kerguelen Islands North Atlantic Southern Ocean Archive ouverte HAL (Hyper Article en Ligne, CCSD - Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) Southern Ocean Kerguelen Kerguelen Islands Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers 53 2 333 366