Airborne gravity reveals interior of Antarctic volcano
International audience Understanding Antarctic volcanoes is important as they provide a window on magmatic and tectonic processes of the Antarctic plate and contain datable records of ice-sheet changes. We present the results from the first detailed airborne radar and gravity surveys across James Ro...
Published in: | Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors |
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Online Access: | https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00535572 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00535572/document https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00535572/file/PEER_stage2_10.1016%252Fj.pepi.2009.03.004.pdf https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pepi.2009.03.004 |
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ftccsdartic:oai:HAL:hal-00535572v1 2023-05-15T13:31:18+02:00 Airborne gravity reveals interior of Antarctic volcano Jordan, T.A. Ferraccioli, F. Jones, P.C. Smellie, J.L. Ghidella, M. Corr, H. 2009-05-12 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00535572 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00535572/document https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00535572/file/PEER_stage2_10.1016%252Fj.pepi.2009.03.004.pdf https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pepi.2009.03.004 en eng HAL CCSD Elsevier info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1016/j.pepi.2009.03.004 hal-00535572 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00535572 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00535572/document https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00535572/file/PEER_stage2_10.1016%252Fj.pepi.2009.03.004.pdf doi:10.1016/j.pepi.2009.03.004 info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess ISSN: 0031-9201 EISSN: 0031-9201 Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00535572 Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, Elsevier, 2009, 175 (3-4), pp.127. ⟨10.1016/j.pepi.2009.03.004⟩ Airborne gravity Basaltic volcano Gravitational spreading Antarctica info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2009 ftccsdartic https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pepi.2009.03.004 2020-12-26T06:50:51Z International audience Understanding Antarctic volcanoes is important as they provide a window on magmatic and tectonic processes of the Antarctic plate and contain datable records of ice-sheet changes. We present the results from the first detailed airborne radar and gravity surveys across James Ross Island, northern Antarctic Peninsula, which is dominated by Mt Haddington, an ice-covered Miocene-Recent alkaline stratovolcano. The surveys provide new insights into the subsurface structure of the volcano and hence its development, which are unavailable from the surface geology alone. We show that Mt Haddington is associated with a significant negative Bouguer gravity anomaly (<-26 mGal), which suggests that there has not been significant pooling and solidification of a dense shallow-level mafic magma chamber during the growth of the volcano over at least the past 6 m.y., which is consistent with independent geochemical evidence. Simple flexural isostatic models cannot explain the localised negative Bouguer anomaly. 3D modelling techniques show that the negative anomaly is best explained by a shallow, low-density intra-crustal body with its top close to, or at, the surface. Although comparable gravity anomalies are commonly associated with large (∼20km) ash-filled calderas, as seen at Yellowstone or Toba, there is no geological evidence on James Ross Island for a similar structure. We therefore propose that the James Ross Island volcanic edifice subsided into the thick underlying pile of relatively soft Jurassic and Cretaceous sediments, which were displaced by low-density hyaloclastite breccia. The type of deformation envisaged is similar to that associated with Concepcioú, or Iwaki volcanoes in South America, although Mt Haddington is much larger. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Antarctica Ice Sheet James Ross Island Ross Island Archive ouverte HAL (Hyper Article en Ligne, CCSD - Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) Antarctic The Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Ross Island Haddington ENVELOPE(-57.733,-57.733,-64.250,-64.250) Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors 175 3-4 127 136 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Archive ouverte HAL (Hyper Article en Ligne, CCSD - Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) |
op_collection_id |
ftccsdartic |
language |
English |
topic |
Airborne gravity Basaltic volcano Gravitational spreading Antarctica |
spellingShingle |
Airborne gravity Basaltic volcano Gravitational spreading Antarctica Jordan, T.A. Ferraccioli, F. Jones, P.C. Smellie, J.L. Ghidella, M. Corr, H. Airborne gravity reveals interior of Antarctic volcano |
topic_facet |
Airborne gravity Basaltic volcano Gravitational spreading Antarctica |
description |
International audience Understanding Antarctic volcanoes is important as they provide a window on magmatic and tectonic processes of the Antarctic plate and contain datable records of ice-sheet changes. We present the results from the first detailed airborne radar and gravity surveys across James Ross Island, northern Antarctic Peninsula, which is dominated by Mt Haddington, an ice-covered Miocene-Recent alkaline stratovolcano. The surveys provide new insights into the subsurface structure of the volcano and hence its development, which are unavailable from the surface geology alone. We show that Mt Haddington is associated with a significant negative Bouguer gravity anomaly (<-26 mGal), which suggests that there has not been significant pooling and solidification of a dense shallow-level mafic magma chamber during the growth of the volcano over at least the past 6 m.y., which is consistent with independent geochemical evidence. Simple flexural isostatic models cannot explain the localised negative Bouguer anomaly. 3D modelling techniques show that the negative anomaly is best explained by a shallow, low-density intra-crustal body with its top close to, or at, the surface. Although comparable gravity anomalies are commonly associated with large (∼20km) ash-filled calderas, as seen at Yellowstone or Toba, there is no geological evidence on James Ross Island for a similar structure. We therefore propose that the James Ross Island volcanic edifice subsided into the thick underlying pile of relatively soft Jurassic and Cretaceous sediments, which were displaced by low-density hyaloclastite breccia. The type of deformation envisaged is similar to that associated with Concepcioú, or Iwaki volcanoes in South America, although Mt Haddington is much larger. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Jordan, T.A. Ferraccioli, F. Jones, P.C. Smellie, J.L. Ghidella, M. Corr, H. |
author_facet |
Jordan, T.A. Ferraccioli, F. Jones, P.C. Smellie, J.L. Ghidella, M. Corr, H. |
author_sort |
Jordan, T.A. |
title |
Airborne gravity reveals interior of Antarctic volcano |
title_short |
Airborne gravity reveals interior of Antarctic volcano |
title_full |
Airborne gravity reveals interior of Antarctic volcano |
title_fullStr |
Airborne gravity reveals interior of Antarctic volcano |
title_full_unstemmed |
Airborne gravity reveals interior of Antarctic volcano |
title_sort |
airborne gravity reveals interior of antarctic volcano |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2009 |
url |
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00535572 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00535572/document https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00535572/file/PEER_stage2_10.1016%252Fj.pepi.2009.03.004.pdf https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pepi.2009.03.004 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-57.733,-57.733,-64.250,-64.250) |
geographic |
Antarctic The Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Ross Island Haddington |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic The Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Ross Island Haddington |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Antarctica Ice Sheet James Ross Island Ross Island |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Antarctica Ice Sheet James Ross Island Ross Island |
op_source |
ISSN: 0031-9201 EISSN: 0031-9201 Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00535572 Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, Elsevier, 2009, 175 (3-4), pp.127. ⟨10.1016/j.pepi.2009.03.004⟩ |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1016/j.pepi.2009.03.004 hal-00535572 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00535572 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00535572/document https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00535572/file/PEER_stage2_10.1016%252Fj.pepi.2009.03.004.pdf doi:10.1016/j.pepi.2009.03.004 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pepi.2009.03.004 |
container_title |
Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors |
container_volume |
175 |
container_issue |
3-4 |
container_start_page |
127 |
op_container_end_page |
136 |
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1766017327455797248 |