Paraglacial gullying of sediment-mantled slopes: a case study of Colletthøgda, Kongsfjorden area, West Spitsbergen (Svalbard)

• Published in: Earth Surface Processes and Landforms
• Main Authors: Mercier, Denis, Etienne, Samuel, Sellier, Dominique, André, Marie-Françoise
• Other Authors: Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique (LETG - Nantes), Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Géographie Physique et Environnementale (GEOLAB), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Université Clermont Auvergne 2017-2020 (UCA 2017-2020 )-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Institut Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société (IR SHS UNILIM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: HAL CCSD 2009
• Subjects: paraglacial geomorphology; timescale; slope processes; glacial environment; Spitsbergen; [SDU.STU.GM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geomorphology; Colletthøgda; Svalbard; glacier; Kongsfjord*; Kongsfjorden
• Online Access: https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00435571; https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.1862

International audience This paper evaluates the paraglacial evolution of a sediment-mantled slope in a polar maritime environment. The intensity of paraglacial processes is estimated through quantifi cation of erosion and dating of fi eld sectors with the help of photographic archives. Gully erosion has been estimated using morphometric parameters and by surveys of vegetation cover. The rapid melting of dead-ice cores controls gully formation. This leads to slope form modifi cation: gully profi le gradients are reduced from a mean of 35° to a mean ranging between 10° and 15°. Profi le evolution results from the collapse of glacier lateral moraine. All data (mean slope angle of individual gullies, frequency distribution of slope angles, fractional distance to the apex, gullying index, volume of debris mobilized, vertical erosion rate) tend to increase with increasing deglaciation age and the duration of paraglacial activity. Vegetation colonization is a response to stabilization of the ground surface and the drying up of the ground surface due to dead-ice melting. The full sequence of paraglacial slope adjustment (gully incision-stabilization) may occur rapidly at the study site, i.e. within two decades. Finally, a lateral morphogenic sequence is proposed showing the importance of paraglacial processes at the onset of the deglaciation.