Results of PMIP2 coupled simulations of the Mid-Holocene and Last Glacial Maximum – Part 2: feedbacks with emphasis on the location of the ITCZ and mid- and high latitudes heat budget
International audience A set of coupled ocean-atmosphere(-vegetation) simulations using state of the art climate models is now available for the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and the Mid-Holocene (MH) through the second phase of the Paleoclimate Modeling Intercomparison Project (PMIP2). Here we quantif...
Published in: | Climate of the Past |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Other Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
HAL CCSD
2007
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Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00330752 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00330752/document https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00330752/file/cp-3-279-2007.pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-3-279-2007 |
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Open Polar |
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Archive ouverte HAL (Hyper Article en Ligne, CCSD - Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) |
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language |
English |
topic |
[SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces environment [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences |
spellingShingle |
[SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces environment [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences Braconnot, P. Otto-Bliesner, B. Harrison, S. Joussaume, S. Peterchmitt, J.-Y. Abe-Ouchi, A. Crucifix, M. Driesschaert, E. Fichefet, Th. Hewitt, C. D. Kageyama, M. Kitoh, A. Loutre, M.-F. Marti, O. Merkel, U. Ramstein, G. Valdes, P. Weber, L. Yu, Y. Zhao, Y. Results of PMIP2 coupled simulations of the Mid-Holocene and Last Glacial Maximum – Part 2: feedbacks with emphasis on the location of the ITCZ and mid- and high latitudes heat budget |
topic_facet |
[SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces environment [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences |
description |
International audience A set of coupled ocean-atmosphere(-vegetation) simulations using state of the art climate models is now available for the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and the Mid-Holocene (MH) through the second phase of the Paleoclimate Modeling Intercomparison Project (PMIP2). Here we quantify the latitudinal shift of the location of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) in the tropical regions during boreal summer and the change in precipitation in the northern part of the ITCZ. For both periods the shift is more pronounced over the continents and East Asia. The maritime continent is the region where the largest spread is found between models. We also clearly establish that the larger the increase in the meridional temperature gradient in the tropical Atlantic during summer at the MH, the larger the change in precipitation over West Africa. The vegetation feedback is however not as large as found in previous studies, probably due to model differences in the control simulation. Finally, we show that the feedback from snow and sea-ice at mid and high latitudes contributes for half of the cooling in the Northern Hemisphere for the LGM, with the remaining being achieved by the reduced CO 2 and water vapour in the atmosphere. For the MH the snow and albedo feedbacks strengthen the spring cooling and enhance the boreal summer warming, whereas water vapour reinforces the late summer warming. These feedbacks are modest in the Southern Hemisphere. For the LGM most of the surface cooling is due to CO 2 and water vapour. |
author2 |
Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement Gif-sur-Yvette (LSCE) Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ) Modelling the Earth Response to Multiple Anthropogenic Interactions and Dynamics (MERMAID) Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ) National Center for Atmospheric Research Boulder (NCAR) School of Geographical Sciences Bristol University of Bristol Bristol Modélisation du climat (CLIM) Center for Climate System Research Kashiwa (CCSR) The University of Tokyo (UTokyo) Met Office Hadley Centre for Climate Change (MOHC) United Kingdom Met Office Exeter Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL) Meteorological Research Institute Tsukuba (MRI) Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) Universität Bremen Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI) Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics (LASG) Institute of Atmospheric Physics Beijing (IAP) Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing (CAS)-Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing (CAS) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Braconnot, P. Otto-Bliesner, B. Harrison, S. Joussaume, S. Peterchmitt, J.-Y. Abe-Ouchi, A. Crucifix, M. Driesschaert, E. Fichefet, Th. Hewitt, C. D. Kageyama, M. Kitoh, A. Loutre, M.-F. Marti, O. Merkel, U. Ramstein, G. Valdes, P. Weber, L. Yu, Y. Zhao, Y. |
author_facet |
Braconnot, P. Otto-Bliesner, B. Harrison, S. Joussaume, S. Peterchmitt, J.-Y. Abe-Ouchi, A. Crucifix, M. Driesschaert, E. Fichefet, Th. Hewitt, C. D. Kageyama, M. Kitoh, A. Loutre, M.-F. Marti, O. Merkel, U. Ramstein, G. Valdes, P. Weber, L. Yu, Y. Zhao, Y. |
author_sort |
Braconnot, P. |
title |
Results of PMIP2 coupled simulations of the Mid-Holocene and Last Glacial Maximum – Part 2: feedbacks with emphasis on the location of the ITCZ and mid- and high latitudes heat budget |
title_short |
Results of PMIP2 coupled simulations of the Mid-Holocene and Last Glacial Maximum – Part 2: feedbacks with emphasis on the location of the ITCZ and mid- and high latitudes heat budget |
title_full |
Results of PMIP2 coupled simulations of the Mid-Holocene and Last Glacial Maximum – Part 2: feedbacks with emphasis on the location of the ITCZ and mid- and high latitudes heat budget |
title_fullStr |
Results of PMIP2 coupled simulations of the Mid-Holocene and Last Glacial Maximum – Part 2: feedbacks with emphasis on the location of the ITCZ and mid- and high latitudes heat budget |
title_full_unstemmed |
Results of PMIP2 coupled simulations of the Mid-Holocene and Last Glacial Maximum – Part 2: feedbacks with emphasis on the location of the ITCZ and mid- and high latitudes heat budget |
title_sort |
results of pmip2 coupled simulations of the mid-holocene and last glacial maximum – part 2: feedbacks with emphasis on the location of the itcz and mid- and high latitudes heat budget |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2007 |
url |
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00330752 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00330752/document https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00330752/file/cp-3-279-2007.pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-3-279-2007 |
genre |
Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Sea ice |
op_source |
ISSN: 1814-9324 EISSN: 1814-9332 Climate of the Past https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00330752 Climate of the Past, European Geosciences Union (EGU), 2007, 3 (2), pp.279-296. ⟨10.5194/cp-3-279-2007⟩ |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.5194/cp-3-279-2007 hal-00330752 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00330752 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00330752/document https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00330752/file/cp-3-279-2007.pdf doi:10.5194/cp-3-279-2007 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-3-279-2007 |
container_title |
Climate of the Past |
container_volume |
3 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
279 |
op_container_end_page |
296 |
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1766195364774281216 |
spelling |
ftccsdartic:oai:HAL:hal-00330752v1 2023-05-15T18:18:42+02:00 Results of PMIP2 coupled simulations of the Mid-Holocene and Last Glacial Maximum – Part 2: feedbacks with emphasis on the location of the ITCZ and mid- and high latitudes heat budget Braconnot, P. Otto-Bliesner, B. Harrison, S. Joussaume, S. Peterchmitt, J.-Y. Abe-Ouchi, A. Crucifix, M. Driesschaert, E. Fichefet, Th. Hewitt, C. D. Kageyama, M. Kitoh, A. Loutre, M.-F. Marti, O. Merkel, U. Ramstein, G. Valdes, P. Weber, L. Yu, Y. Zhao, Y. Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement Gif-sur-Yvette (LSCE) Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ) Modelling the Earth Response to Multiple Anthropogenic Interactions and Dynamics (MERMAID) Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ) National Center for Atmospheric Research Boulder (NCAR) School of Geographical Sciences Bristol University of Bristol Bristol Modélisation du climat (CLIM) Center for Climate System Research Kashiwa (CCSR) The University of Tokyo (UTokyo) Met Office Hadley Centre for Climate Change (MOHC) United Kingdom Met Office Exeter Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL) Meteorological Research Institute Tsukuba (MRI) Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) Universität Bremen Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI) Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics (LASG) Institute of Atmospheric Physics Beijing (IAP) Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing (CAS)-Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing (CAS) 2007-06-04 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00330752 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00330752/document https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00330752/file/cp-3-279-2007.pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-3-279-2007 en eng HAL CCSD European Geosciences Union (EGU) info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.5194/cp-3-279-2007 hal-00330752 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00330752 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00330752/document https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00330752/file/cp-3-279-2007.pdf doi:10.5194/cp-3-279-2007 info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess ISSN: 1814-9324 EISSN: 1814-9332 Climate of the Past https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00330752 Climate of the Past, European Geosciences Union (EGU), 2007, 3 (2), pp.279-296. ⟨10.5194/cp-3-279-2007⟩ [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces environment [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2007 ftccsdartic https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-3-279-2007 2021-12-19T04:09:04Z International audience A set of coupled ocean-atmosphere(-vegetation) simulations using state of the art climate models is now available for the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and the Mid-Holocene (MH) through the second phase of the Paleoclimate Modeling Intercomparison Project (PMIP2). Here we quantify the latitudinal shift of the location of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) in the tropical regions during boreal summer and the change in precipitation in the northern part of the ITCZ. For both periods the shift is more pronounced over the continents and East Asia. The maritime continent is the region where the largest spread is found between models. We also clearly establish that the larger the increase in the meridional temperature gradient in the tropical Atlantic during summer at the MH, the larger the change in precipitation over West Africa. The vegetation feedback is however not as large as found in previous studies, probably due to model differences in the control simulation. Finally, we show that the feedback from snow and sea-ice at mid and high latitudes contributes for half of the cooling in the Northern Hemisphere for the LGM, with the remaining being achieved by the reduced CO 2 and water vapour in the atmosphere. For the MH the snow and albedo feedbacks strengthen the spring cooling and enhance the boreal summer warming, whereas water vapour reinforces the late summer warming. These feedbacks are modest in the Southern Hemisphere. For the LGM most of the surface cooling is due to CO 2 and water vapour. Article in Journal/Newspaper Sea ice Archive ouverte HAL (Hyper Article en Ligne, CCSD - Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) Climate of the Past 3 2 279 296 |