A rapid transition from ice covered CO 2 -rich waters to a biologically mediated CO 2 sink in the eastern Weddell Gyre
International audience Circumpolar Deep Water (CDW), locally called Warm Deep Water (WDW), enters the Weddell Gyre in the southeast, roughly at 25° E to 30° E. In December~2002 and January 2003} we studied the effect of entrainment of WDW on the fugacity of carbon dioxide (fCO 2 ) and dissolved inor...
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Online Access: | https://hal.science/hal-00297986 https://hal.science/hal-00297986/document https://hal.science/hal-00297986/file/bgd-5-1205-2008.pdf |
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ftccsdartic:oai:HAL:hal-00297986v1 2024-02-11T10:08:31+01:00 A rapid transition from ice covered CO 2 -rich waters to a biologically mediated CO 2 sink in the eastern Weddell Gyre Bakker, D. C. E. Hoppema, M. Schröder, M. Geibert, W. de Baar, H. J. W. School of Environmental Sciences Norwich University of East Anglia Norwich (UEA) Department of Bentho-pelagic processes Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung = Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research = Institut Alfred-Wegener pour la recherche polaire et marine (AWI) Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association-Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ) 2008-03-25 https://hal.science/hal-00297986 https://hal.science/hal-00297986/document https://hal.science/hal-00297986/file/bgd-5-1205-2008.pdf en eng HAL CCSD European Geosciences Union hal-00297986 https://hal.science/hal-00297986 https://hal.science/hal-00297986/document https://hal.science/hal-00297986/file/bgd-5-1205-2008.pdf info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess ISSN: 1810-6277 EISSN: 1810-6285 Biogeosciences Discussions https://hal.science/hal-00297986 Biogeosciences Discussions, 2008, 5 (2), pp.1205-1235 [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO] [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph] [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces environment [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2008 ftccsdartic 2024-01-21T01:00:03Z International audience Circumpolar Deep Water (CDW), locally called Warm Deep Water (WDW), enters the Weddell Gyre in the southeast, roughly at 25° E to 30° E. In December~2002 and January 2003} we studied the effect of entrainment of WDW on the fugacity of carbon dioxide (fCO 2 ) and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) in Weddell Sea surface waters. Ultimately the fCO 2 difference across the sea surface drives CO 2 air-sea fluxes. Deep CTD sections and surface transects of fCO 2 were made along the Prime Meridian, a northwest-southeast section, and along 17° E to 23° E during cruise ANT XX/2 on FS Polarstern . Upward movement and entrainment of WDW into the winter mixed layer had significantly increased DIC and fCO 2 below the sea ice along 0° W and 17° E to 23° E, notably in the southern Weddell Gyre. Nonetheless, the ice cover largely prevented outgassing of CO 2 to the atmosphere. During and upon melting of the ice, biological activity rapidly reduced surface water fCO 2 by up to 100 ?atm, thus creating a sink for atmospheric CO 2 . Despite the tendency of the surfacing WDW to cause CO 2 supersaturation, the Weddell Gyre may well be a CO 2 sink on an annual basis due to this effective mechanism involving ice cover and ensuing biological fCO 2 reduction. Dissolution of calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) in melting sea ice may also play a role in this rapid reduction of surface water fCO 2 . The CO 2 source tendency deriving from the upward movement of "pre-industrial" CDW is declining, as atmospheric CO 2 levels continue to increase, and thus the CO 2 sink of the Weddell Gyre will continue to increase as well (provided the upward movement of WDW does not change significantly). Article in Journal/Newspaper Sea ice Weddell Sea Archive ouverte HAL (Hyper Article en Ligne, CCSD - Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) Weddell Weddell Sea |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Archive ouverte HAL (Hyper Article en Ligne, CCSD - Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) |
op_collection_id |
ftccsdartic |
language |
English |
topic |
[PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO] [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph] [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces environment [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences |
spellingShingle |
[PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO] [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph] [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces environment [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences Bakker, D. C. E. Hoppema, M. Schröder, M. Geibert, W. de Baar, H. J. W. A rapid transition from ice covered CO 2 -rich waters to a biologically mediated CO 2 sink in the eastern Weddell Gyre |
topic_facet |
[PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO] [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph] [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces environment [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences |
description |
International audience Circumpolar Deep Water (CDW), locally called Warm Deep Water (WDW), enters the Weddell Gyre in the southeast, roughly at 25° E to 30° E. In December~2002 and January 2003} we studied the effect of entrainment of WDW on the fugacity of carbon dioxide (fCO 2 ) and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) in Weddell Sea surface waters. Ultimately the fCO 2 difference across the sea surface drives CO 2 air-sea fluxes. Deep CTD sections and surface transects of fCO 2 were made along the Prime Meridian, a northwest-southeast section, and along 17° E to 23° E during cruise ANT XX/2 on FS Polarstern . Upward movement and entrainment of WDW into the winter mixed layer had significantly increased DIC and fCO 2 below the sea ice along 0° W and 17° E to 23° E, notably in the southern Weddell Gyre. Nonetheless, the ice cover largely prevented outgassing of CO 2 to the atmosphere. During and upon melting of the ice, biological activity rapidly reduced surface water fCO 2 by up to 100 ?atm, thus creating a sink for atmospheric CO 2 . Despite the tendency of the surfacing WDW to cause CO 2 supersaturation, the Weddell Gyre may well be a CO 2 sink on an annual basis due to this effective mechanism involving ice cover and ensuing biological fCO 2 reduction. Dissolution of calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) in melting sea ice may also play a role in this rapid reduction of surface water fCO 2 . The CO 2 source tendency deriving from the upward movement of "pre-industrial" CDW is declining, as atmospheric CO 2 levels continue to increase, and thus the CO 2 sink of the Weddell Gyre will continue to increase as well (provided the upward movement of WDW does not change significantly). |
author2 |
School of Environmental Sciences Norwich University of East Anglia Norwich (UEA) Department of Bentho-pelagic processes Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung = Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research = Institut Alfred-Wegener pour la recherche polaire et marine (AWI) Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association-Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Bakker, D. C. E. Hoppema, M. Schröder, M. Geibert, W. de Baar, H. J. W. |
author_facet |
Bakker, D. C. E. Hoppema, M. Schröder, M. Geibert, W. de Baar, H. J. W. |
author_sort |
Bakker, D. C. E. |
title |
A rapid transition from ice covered CO 2 -rich waters to a biologically mediated CO 2 sink in the eastern Weddell Gyre |
title_short |
A rapid transition from ice covered CO 2 -rich waters to a biologically mediated CO 2 sink in the eastern Weddell Gyre |
title_full |
A rapid transition from ice covered CO 2 -rich waters to a biologically mediated CO 2 sink in the eastern Weddell Gyre |
title_fullStr |
A rapid transition from ice covered CO 2 -rich waters to a biologically mediated CO 2 sink in the eastern Weddell Gyre |
title_full_unstemmed |
A rapid transition from ice covered CO 2 -rich waters to a biologically mediated CO 2 sink in the eastern Weddell Gyre |
title_sort |
rapid transition from ice covered co 2 -rich waters to a biologically mediated co 2 sink in the eastern weddell gyre |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2008 |
url |
https://hal.science/hal-00297986 https://hal.science/hal-00297986/document https://hal.science/hal-00297986/file/bgd-5-1205-2008.pdf |
geographic |
Weddell Weddell Sea |
geographic_facet |
Weddell Weddell Sea |
genre |
Sea ice Weddell Sea |
genre_facet |
Sea ice Weddell Sea |
op_source |
ISSN: 1810-6277 EISSN: 1810-6285 Biogeosciences Discussions https://hal.science/hal-00297986 Biogeosciences Discussions, 2008, 5 (2), pp.1205-1235 |
op_relation |
hal-00297986 https://hal.science/hal-00297986 https://hal.science/hal-00297986/document https://hal.science/hal-00297986/file/bgd-5-1205-2008.pdf |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
_version_ |
1790607893703163904 |