PREDATOR-PREY RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN CRASSOSTREA VIRGINICA AND SEVERAL SPECIES OF CRAB AFFECT OYSTER REEF FUNCTION
Direct and indirect effects resulting from predator-prey interactions can affect ecosystem function. Understanding these relationships has been a central focus of community ecology for more than 50 years. However, human impacts on ecosystems during this period may have altered these relationships. H...
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University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Graduate School
2015
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.17615/e9rq-g322 https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/downloads/bn999678h?file=thumbnail https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/downloads/bn999678h |
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ftcarolinadr:cdr.lib.unc.edu:8s45q889n 2023-10-09T21:54:53+02:00 PREDATOR-PREY RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN CRASSOSTREA VIRGINICA AND SEVERAL SPECIES OF CRAB AFFECT OYSTER REEF FUNCTION Dodd, Luke College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Marine Sciences Fodrie, F. Joel Piehler, Michael Fegley, Stephen Castillo, Karl Grabowski, Jonathan 2015-08 https://doi.org/10.17615/e9rq-g322 https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/downloads/bn999678h?file=thumbnail https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/downloads/bn999678h English eng University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Graduate School https://doi.org/10.17615/e9rq-g322 https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/downloads/bn999678h?file=thumbnail https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/downloads/bn999678h http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ Ecology Dissertation 2015 ftcarolinadr https://doi.org/10.17615/e9rq-g322 2023-09-09T22:32:08Z Direct and indirect effects resulting from predator-prey interactions can affect ecosystem function. Understanding these relationships has been a central focus of community ecology for more than 50 years. However, human impacts on ecosystems during this period may have altered these relationships. Here I assess important impacts of ocean acidification, ocean warming, and land-use change on the predator-prey relationships between the oyster, Crassostrea virginica, and several species of crab. Calcifying marine taxa have been shown to respond differently to ocean acidification. Bivalves typically show more severe reductions in net calcification than the decapods that prey on them. This study found C. virginica and the crab, Panopeus herbstii, had generally reduced net calcification with decreasing calcite saturation states. However, both species maintained positive net calcification in undersaturated calcite conditions. In experiments, acidification significantly reduced the consumption rate of C. virginica by P. herbstii. Differences in net calcification did not explain consumption rates, rather behavioral change, manifest as reduced prey handling and persistence of the predator, were the likely cause. Ocean warming is driving pole-ward shifts in the ranges of numerous species, leading to the formation of novel communities. The stone crab, Menippe mercenaria, is one such species, but little is known about its ecology and thus its like impact on ecosystems in its new range. My data suggest that crabs between 70 and 90 mm are likely to have the largest effect on intertidal oyster reefs due to higher consumption rates and an ability to consume all sizes of oyster. Smaller crabs are limited by the size of oyster they can consume and larger crabs demonstrated less interest in oyster as a prey item. Land-use change and accompanying habitat loss has driven increased interest in estuarine ecosystem services and functions. C. virginica relies on filtration to provide its outsized contribution to estuarine ecosystem ... Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis Ocean acidification Carolina Digital Repository (UNC - University of North Carolina) |
institution |
Open Polar |
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Carolina Digital Repository (UNC - University of North Carolina) |
op_collection_id |
ftcarolinadr |
language |
English |
topic |
Ecology |
spellingShingle |
Ecology Dodd, Luke PREDATOR-PREY RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN CRASSOSTREA VIRGINICA AND SEVERAL SPECIES OF CRAB AFFECT OYSTER REEF FUNCTION |
topic_facet |
Ecology |
description |
Direct and indirect effects resulting from predator-prey interactions can affect ecosystem function. Understanding these relationships has been a central focus of community ecology for more than 50 years. However, human impacts on ecosystems during this period may have altered these relationships. Here I assess important impacts of ocean acidification, ocean warming, and land-use change on the predator-prey relationships between the oyster, Crassostrea virginica, and several species of crab. Calcifying marine taxa have been shown to respond differently to ocean acidification. Bivalves typically show more severe reductions in net calcification than the decapods that prey on them. This study found C. virginica and the crab, Panopeus herbstii, had generally reduced net calcification with decreasing calcite saturation states. However, both species maintained positive net calcification in undersaturated calcite conditions. In experiments, acidification significantly reduced the consumption rate of C. virginica by P. herbstii. Differences in net calcification did not explain consumption rates, rather behavioral change, manifest as reduced prey handling and persistence of the predator, were the likely cause. Ocean warming is driving pole-ward shifts in the ranges of numerous species, leading to the formation of novel communities. The stone crab, Menippe mercenaria, is one such species, but little is known about its ecology and thus its like impact on ecosystems in its new range. My data suggest that crabs between 70 and 90 mm are likely to have the largest effect on intertidal oyster reefs due to higher consumption rates and an ability to consume all sizes of oyster. Smaller crabs are limited by the size of oyster they can consume and larger crabs demonstrated less interest in oyster as a prey item. Land-use change and accompanying habitat loss has driven increased interest in estuarine ecosystem services and functions. C. virginica relies on filtration to provide its outsized contribution to estuarine ecosystem ... |
author2 |
College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Marine Sciences Fodrie, F. Joel Piehler, Michael Fegley, Stephen Castillo, Karl Grabowski, Jonathan |
format |
Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
author |
Dodd, Luke |
author_facet |
Dodd, Luke |
author_sort |
Dodd, Luke |
title |
PREDATOR-PREY RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN CRASSOSTREA VIRGINICA AND SEVERAL SPECIES OF CRAB AFFECT OYSTER REEF FUNCTION |
title_short |
PREDATOR-PREY RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN CRASSOSTREA VIRGINICA AND SEVERAL SPECIES OF CRAB AFFECT OYSTER REEF FUNCTION |
title_full |
PREDATOR-PREY RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN CRASSOSTREA VIRGINICA AND SEVERAL SPECIES OF CRAB AFFECT OYSTER REEF FUNCTION |
title_fullStr |
PREDATOR-PREY RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN CRASSOSTREA VIRGINICA AND SEVERAL SPECIES OF CRAB AFFECT OYSTER REEF FUNCTION |
title_full_unstemmed |
PREDATOR-PREY RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN CRASSOSTREA VIRGINICA AND SEVERAL SPECIES OF CRAB AFFECT OYSTER REEF FUNCTION |
title_sort |
predator-prey relationships between crassostrea virginica and several species of crab affect oyster reef function |
publisher |
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Graduate School |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.17615/e9rq-g322 https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/downloads/bn999678h?file=thumbnail https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/downloads/bn999678h |
genre |
Ocean acidification |
genre_facet |
Ocean acidification |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.17615/e9rq-g322 https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/downloads/bn999678h?file=thumbnail https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/downloads/bn999678h |
op_rights |
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.17615/e9rq-g322 |
_version_ |
1779318614896148480 |