Seasonal phytoplankton blooms in the North Atlantic linked to the overwintering strategies of copepods
The North Atlantic Ocean contains diverse patterns of seasonal phytoplankton blooms with distinct internal dynamics. We analyzed blooms using remotely-sensed chlorophyll a concentration data and change point statistics. The first bloom of the year began during spring at low latitudes and later in su...
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University of California Press
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ftcarolinadr:cdr.lib.unc.edu:5m60r3063 2023-06-11T04:10:45+02:00 Seasonal phytoplankton blooms in the North Atlantic linked to the overwintering strategies of copepods Friedland, K.D. Record, N.R. Asch, R.G. Kristiansen, T. Saba, V.S. Drinkwater, K.F. Henson, S. Leaf, R.T. Morse, R.E. Johns, D.G. Large, S.I. Hjøllo, S.S. Nye, J.A. Alexander, M.A. Ji, R. Institute of Marine Sciences 2016 https://doi.org/10.17615/xasx-kb28 https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/downloads/5m60r307c?file=thumbnail https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/downloads/5m60r307c English eng University of California Press https://doi.org/10.17615/xasx-kb28 https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/downloads/5m60r307c?file=thumbnail https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/downloads/5m60r307c Elementa, 2016 Atlantic Ocean Atlantic Ocean (North) Atlantic Ocean (Northeast) Calanoida Copepoda Calanus finmarchicus Article 2016 ftcarolinadr https://doi.org/10.17615/xasx-kb28 2023-05-28T21:02:29Z The North Atlantic Ocean contains diverse patterns of seasonal phytoplankton blooms with distinct internal dynamics. We analyzed blooms using remotely-sensed chlorophyll a concentration data and change point statistics. The first bloom of the year began during spring at low latitudes and later in summer at higher latitudes. In regions where spring blooms occurred at high frequency (i.e., proportion of years that a bloom was detected), there was a negative correlation between bloom timing and duration, indicating that early blooms last longer. In much of the Northeast Atlantic, bloom development extended over multiple seasons resulting in peak chlorophyll concentrations in summer. Spring bloom start day was found to be positively correlated with a spring phenology index and showed both positive and negative correlations to sea surface temperature and the North Atlantic Oscillation in different regions. Based on the characteristics of spring and summer blooms, the North Atlantic can be classified into two regions: a seasonal bloom region, with a well-defined bloom limited to a single season; and a multi-seasonal bloom region, with blooms extending over multiple seasons. These regions differed in the correlation between bloom start and duration with only the seasonal bloom region showing a significant, negative correlation. We tested the hypothesis that the nearsurface springtime distribution of copepods that undergo diapause (Calanus finmarchicus, C. helgolandicus, C. glacialis, and C. hyperboreus) may contribute to the contrast in bloom development between the two regions. Peak near-surface spring abundance of the late stages of these Calanoid copepods was generally associated with areas having a well-defined seasonal bloom, implying a link between bloom shape and their abundance. We suggest that either grazing is a factor in shaping the seasonal bloom or bloom shape determines whether a habitat is conducive to diapause, while recognizing that both factors can re-enforce each other. Article in Journal/Newspaper Calanus finmarchicus North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation Northeast Atlantic Copepods Carolina Digital Repository (UNC - University of North Carolina) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Carolina Digital Repository (UNC - University of North Carolina) |
op_collection_id |
ftcarolinadr |
language |
English |
topic |
Atlantic Ocean Atlantic Ocean (North) Atlantic Ocean (Northeast) Calanoida Copepoda Calanus finmarchicus |
spellingShingle |
Atlantic Ocean Atlantic Ocean (North) Atlantic Ocean (Northeast) Calanoida Copepoda Calanus finmarchicus Friedland, K.D. Record, N.R. Asch, R.G. Kristiansen, T. Saba, V.S. Drinkwater, K.F. Henson, S. Leaf, R.T. Morse, R.E. Johns, D.G. Large, S.I. Hjøllo, S.S. Nye, J.A. Alexander, M.A. Ji, R. Seasonal phytoplankton blooms in the North Atlantic linked to the overwintering strategies of copepods |
topic_facet |
Atlantic Ocean Atlantic Ocean (North) Atlantic Ocean (Northeast) Calanoida Copepoda Calanus finmarchicus |
description |
The North Atlantic Ocean contains diverse patterns of seasonal phytoplankton blooms with distinct internal dynamics. We analyzed blooms using remotely-sensed chlorophyll a concentration data and change point statistics. The first bloom of the year began during spring at low latitudes and later in summer at higher latitudes. In regions where spring blooms occurred at high frequency (i.e., proportion of years that a bloom was detected), there was a negative correlation between bloom timing and duration, indicating that early blooms last longer. In much of the Northeast Atlantic, bloom development extended over multiple seasons resulting in peak chlorophyll concentrations in summer. Spring bloom start day was found to be positively correlated with a spring phenology index and showed both positive and negative correlations to sea surface temperature and the North Atlantic Oscillation in different regions. Based on the characteristics of spring and summer blooms, the North Atlantic can be classified into two regions: a seasonal bloom region, with a well-defined bloom limited to a single season; and a multi-seasonal bloom region, with blooms extending over multiple seasons. These regions differed in the correlation between bloom start and duration with only the seasonal bloom region showing a significant, negative correlation. We tested the hypothesis that the nearsurface springtime distribution of copepods that undergo diapause (Calanus finmarchicus, C. helgolandicus, C. glacialis, and C. hyperboreus) may contribute to the contrast in bloom development between the two regions. Peak near-surface spring abundance of the late stages of these Calanoid copepods was generally associated with areas having a well-defined seasonal bloom, implying a link between bloom shape and their abundance. We suggest that either grazing is a factor in shaping the seasonal bloom or bloom shape determines whether a habitat is conducive to diapause, while recognizing that both factors can re-enforce each other. |
author2 |
Institute of Marine Sciences |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Friedland, K.D. Record, N.R. Asch, R.G. Kristiansen, T. Saba, V.S. Drinkwater, K.F. Henson, S. Leaf, R.T. Morse, R.E. Johns, D.G. Large, S.I. Hjøllo, S.S. Nye, J.A. Alexander, M.A. Ji, R. |
author_facet |
Friedland, K.D. Record, N.R. Asch, R.G. Kristiansen, T. Saba, V.S. Drinkwater, K.F. Henson, S. Leaf, R.T. Morse, R.E. Johns, D.G. Large, S.I. Hjøllo, S.S. Nye, J.A. Alexander, M.A. Ji, R. |
author_sort |
Friedland, K.D. |
title |
Seasonal phytoplankton blooms in the North Atlantic linked to the overwintering strategies of copepods |
title_short |
Seasonal phytoplankton blooms in the North Atlantic linked to the overwintering strategies of copepods |
title_full |
Seasonal phytoplankton blooms in the North Atlantic linked to the overwintering strategies of copepods |
title_fullStr |
Seasonal phytoplankton blooms in the North Atlantic linked to the overwintering strategies of copepods |
title_full_unstemmed |
Seasonal phytoplankton blooms in the North Atlantic linked to the overwintering strategies of copepods |
title_sort |
seasonal phytoplankton blooms in the north atlantic linked to the overwintering strategies of copepods |
publisher |
University of California Press |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.17615/xasx-kb28 https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/downloads/5m60r307c?file=thumbnail https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/downloads/5m60r307c |
genre |
Calanus finmarchicus North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation Northeast Atlantic Copepods |
genre_facet |
Calanus finmarchicus North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation Northeast Atlantic Copepods |
op_source |
Elementa, 2016 |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.17615/xasx-kb28 https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/downloads/5m60r307c?file=thumbnail https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/downloads/5m60r307c |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.17615/xasx-kb28 |
_version_ |
1768385368093097984 |