Extracellular peptidase and carbohydrate hydrolase activities in an Arctic fjord (Smeerenburgfjord, Svalbard)
Measurements of the spectrum of extracellular enzymes present in an environment can indicate the nature of organic substrates available to microorganisms. We report the activities in an Arctic fjord (Smeerenburgfjord, Svalbard) of the extracellular carbohydrate hydrolases a-galactosidase, β-glucosid...
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ftcarolinadr:cdr.lib.unc.edu:3x816w48h 2023-11-12T04:11:44+01:00 Extracellular peptidase and carbohydrate hydrolase activities in an Arctic fjord (Smeerenburgfjord, Svalbard) Steen, Andrew D. Arnosti, Carol 2013 https://doi.org/10.17615/b8v7-7s82 https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/downloads/k3569d269?file=thumbnail https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/downloads/k3569d269 English eng https://doi.org/10.17615/b8v7-7s82 https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/downloads/k3569d269?file=thumbnail https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/downloads/k3569d269 http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ Aquatic Microbial Ecology - International Journal, 69(2) Zone polaire Polar region Beta-glucosidase Enzymatic activity Climatic zone Microbial community Microbial loop Glucide Extracellular Peptidases Extracellular enzymes Marine environment Hydrolases Fjord Chitinase Arctic Region Carbohydrate Communauté microbienne Glycosidases Enzyme Activité enzymatique Proteinase Boucle microbienne Extracellulaire Glycosylases Svalbard Article 2013 ftcarolinadr https://doi.org/10.17615/b8v7-7s82 2023-10-21T22:24:21Z Measurements of the spectrum of extracellular enzymes present in an environment can indicate the nature of organic substrates available to microorganisms. We report the activities in an Arctic fjord (Smeerenburgfjord, Svalbard) of the extracellular carbohydrate hydrolases a-galactosidase, β-glucosidase, and chitobiase, and the extracellular peptidases leucyl aminopeptidase, trypsin, and chymotrypsin. Among the carbohydrate hydrolases, β-glucosidase had the highest potential activity. Although extracellular leucyl aminopeptidase is frequently assayed in marine systems, activities of other peptidases have only rarely been reported. Peptidase activities were higher than carbohydrate hydrolase activities by approximately 2 orders of magnitude. Activities of leucyl aminopeptidase (an exopeptidase which cleaves terminal residues from a protein) were higher than trypsin and chymotrypsin (both endopeptidases which cleave interior bonds). In contrast to previous measurements from coastal, temperate environments, potential activity of leucyl aminopeptidase in Smeerenburg was higher than that of the endopeptidases trypsin and of chymotrypsin. These results suggest that leucyl aminopeptidase may not always be a reliable proxy for the total peptidolytic potential of microbial communities. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Smeerenburg Smeerenburgfjord* Svalbard Carolina Digital Repository (UNC - University of North Carolina) Arctic Svalbard |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Carolina Digital Repository (UNC - University of North Carolina) |
op_collection_id |
ftcarolinadr |
language |
English |
topic |
Zone polaire Polar region Beta-glucosidase Enzymatic activity Climatic zone Microbial community Microbial loop Glucide Extracellular Peptidases Extracellular enzymes Marine environment Hydrolases Fjord Chitinase Arctic Region Carbohydrate Communauté microbienne Glycosidases Enzyme Activité enzymatique Proteinase Boucle microbienne Extracellulaire Glycosylases Svalbard |
spellingShingle |
Zone polaire Polar region Beta-glucosidase Enzymatic activity Climatic zone Microbial community Microbial loop Glucide Extracellular Peptidases Extracellular enzymes Marine environment Hydrolases Fjord Chitinase Arctic Region Carbohydrate Communauté microbienne Glycosidases Enzyme Activité enzymatique Proteinase Boucle microbienne Extracellulaire Glycosylases Svalbard Steen, Andrew D. Arnosti, Carol Extracellular peptidase and carbohydrate hydrolase activities in an Arctic fjord (Smeerenburgfjord, Svalbard) |
topic_facet |
Zone polaire Polar region Beta-glucosidase Enzymatic activity Climatic zone Microbial community Microbial loop Glucide Extracellular Peptidases Extracellular enzymes Marine environment Hydrolases Fjord Chitinase Arctic Region Carbohydrate Communauté microbienne Glycosidases Enzyme Activité enzymatique Proteinase Boucle microbienne Extracellulaire Glycosylases Svalbard |
description |
Measurements of the spectrum of extracellular enzymes present in an environment can indicate the nature of organic substrates available to microorganisms. We report the activities in an Arctic fjord (Smeerenburgfjord, Svalbard) of the extracellular carbohydrate hydrolases a-galactosidase, β-glucosidase, and chitobiase, and the extracellular peptidases leucyl aminopeptidase, trypsin, and chymotrypsin. Among the carbohydrate hydrolases, β-glucosidase had the highest potential activity. Although extracellular leucyl aminopeptidase is frequently assayed in marine systems, activities of other peptidases have only rarely been reported. Peptidase activities were higher than carbohydrate hydrolase activities by approximately 2 orders of magnitude. Activities of leucyl aminopeptidase (an exopeptidase which cleaves terminal residues from a protein) were higher than trypsin and chymotrypsin (both endopeptidases which cleave interior bonds). In contrast to previous measurements from coastal, temperate environments, potential activity of leucyl aminopeptidase in Smeerenburg was higher than that of the endopeptidases trypsin and of chymotrypsin. These results suggest that leucyl aminopeptidase may not always be a reliable proxy for the total peptidolytic potential of microbial communities. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Steen, Andrew D. Arnosti, Carol |
author_facet |
Steen, Andrew D. Arnosti, Carol |
author_sort |
Steen, Andrew D. |
title |
Extracellular peptidase and carbohydrate hydrolase activities in an Arctic fjord (Smeerenburgfjord, Svalbard) |
title_short |
Extracellular peptidase and carbohydrate hydrolase activities in an Arctic fjord (Smeerenburgfjord, Svalbard) |
title_full |
Extracellular peptidase and carbohydrate hydrolase activities in an Arctic fjord (Smeerenburgfjord, Svalbard) |
title_fullStr |
Extracellular peptidase and carbohydrate hydrolase activities in an Arctic fjord (Smeerenburgfjord, Svalbard) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Extracellular peptidase and carbohydrate hydrolase activities in an Arctic fjord (Smeerenburgfjord, Svalbard) |
title_sort |
extracellular peptidase and carbohydrate hydrolase activities in an arctic fjord (smeerenburgfjord, svalbard) |
publishDate |
2013 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.17615/b8v7-7s82 https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/downloads/k3569d269?file=thumbnail https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/downloads/k3569d269 |
geographic |
Arctic Svalbard |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Svalbard |
genre |
Arctic Smeerenburg Smeerenburgfjord* Svalbard |
genre_facet |
Arctic Smeerenburg Smeerenburgfjord* Svalbard |
op_source |
Aquatic Microbial Ecology - International Journal, 69(2) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.17615/b8v7-7s82 https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/downloads/k3569d269?file=thumbnail https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/downloads/k3569d269 |
op_rights |
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.17615/b8v7-7s82 |
_version_ |
1782330700130680832 |