Iron-Rich Magnetic Coal Fly Ash Particles Induce Apoptosis in Human Bronchial Cells
Article published in Applied Science available open access at https://doi.org/10.3390/app10238368 Svalbard is an arctic archipelago where coal mining generates all electricity via the local coal-fired power station. Coal combustion produces a waste product in the form of particulate matter (PM) coal...
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ftcardiffmetuniv:oai:repository.cardiffmet.ac.uk:10369/11239 2023-05-15T14:28:55+02:00 Iron-Rich Magnetic Coal Fly Ash Particles Induce Apoptosis in Human Bronchial Cells Lawson, Matthew Prytherch, Zoe Jones, Tim Adams, Rachel BéruBé, Kelly 2020-11-25 http://hdl.handle.net/10369/11239 https://doi.org/10.3390/app10238368 en eng MDPI Applied Sciences; Lawson, M.J., Prytherch, Z.C., Jones, T.P., Adams, R.A. and BéruBé, K.A. (2020) 'Iron-Rich Magnetic Coal Fly Ash Particles Induce Apoptosis in Human Bronchial Cells', Applied Sciences, 10(23), p.8368. https://doi.org/10.3390/app10238368 2076-3417 http://hdl.handle.net/10369/11239 https://doi.org/10.3390/app10238368 bioreactivity cytotoxicity coal fly ash particulate matter leachate iron-rich minerals Svalbard Article 2020 ftcardiffmetuniv https://doi.org/10.3390/app10238368 2022-05-19T22:31:27Z Article published in Applied Science available open access at https://doi.org/10.3390/app10238368 Svalbard is an arctic archipelago where coal mining generates all electricity via the local coal-fired power station. Coal combustion produces a waste product in the form of particulate matter (PM) coal fly ash (CFA), derived from incombustible minerals present in the feed coal. PM ≤10 µm (diameter) may be “inhaled” into the human respiratory system, and particles ≤2.5 µm may enter the distal alveoli to disrupt normal pulmonary functions and trigger disease pathways. This study discovered that Svalbard CFA contained unusually high levels of iron-rich magnetic minerals that induced adverse effects upon human lungs cells. Iron is a well-characterised driver of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, a driving force for cell death and disease. CFA physicochemical characterisation showed non-uniform particle morphologies indicative of coal burnt at inefficient combustion temperatures. The bioreactivity (ROS generation) of PM2.5/10 fractions was measured using plasmid scission assay (PSA, DNA damage) and haemolysis assays (erythrocyte lysis), with PM2.5 CFA showing significant bioreactivity. CFA leached in mild acid caused a significant increase in toxicity, which could occur in CFA waste-stores. The CFA and leachates were exposed to a surrogate model of human bronchial epithelia that confirmed that CFA induced apoptosis in bronchial cells. This study shows that CFA containing magnetic iron-rich minerals mediated adverse reactions in the human lung, and thus CFA should be considered to be an environmental inhalation hazard. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Archipelago Arctic Svalbard Cardiff Metropolitan University: DSpace at Cardiff Met Arctic Svalbard Applied Sciences 10 23 8368 |
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Open Polar |
collection |
Cardiff Metropolitan University: DSpace at Cardiff Met |
op_collection_id |
ftcardiffmetuniv |
language |
English |
topic |
bioreactivity cytotoxicity coal fly ash particulate matter leachate iron-rich minerals Svalbard |
spellingShingle |
bioreactivity cytotoxicity coal fly ash particulate matter leachate iron-rich minerals Svalbard Lawson, Matthew Prytherch, Zoe Jones, Tim Adams, Rachel BéruBé, Kelly Iron-Rich Magnetic Coal Fly Ash Particles Induce Apoptosis in Human Bronchial Cells |
topic_facet |
bioreactivity cytotoxicity coal fly ash particulate matter leachate iron-rich minerals Svalbard |
description |
Article published in Applied Science available open access at https://doi.org/10.3390/app10238368 Svalbard is an arctic archipelago where coal mining generates all electricity via the local coal-fired power station. Coal combustion produces a waste product in the form of particulate matter (PM) coal fly ash (CFA), derived from incombustible minerals present in the feed coal. PM ≤10 µm (diameter) may be “inhaled” into the human respiratory system, and particles ≤2.5 µm may enter the distal alveoli to disrupt normal pulmonary functions and trigger disease pathways. This study discovered that Svalbard CFA contained unusually high levels of iron-rich magnetic minerals that induced adverse effects upon human lungs cells. Iron is a well-characterised driver of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, a driving force for cell death and disease. CFA physicochemical characterisation showed non-uniform particle morphologies indicative of coal burnt at inefficient combustion temperatures. The bioreactivity (ROS generation) of PM2.5/10 fractions was measured using plasmid scission assay (PSA, DNA damage) and haemolysis assays (erythrocyte lysis), with PM2.5 CFA showing significant bioreactivity. CFA leached in mild acid caused a significant increase in toxicity, which could occur in CFA waste-stores. The CFA and leachates were exposed to a surrogate model of human bronchial epithelia that confirmed that CFA induced apoptosis in bronchial cells. This study shows that CFA containing magnetic iron-rich minerals mediated adverse reactions in the human lung, and thus CFA should be considered to be an environmental inhalation hazard. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Lawson, Matthew Prytherch, Zoe Jones, Tim Adams, Rachel BéruBé, Kelly |
author_facet |
Lawson, Matthew Prytherch, Zoe Jones, Tim Adams, Rachel BéruBé, Kelly |
author_sort |
Lawson, Matthew |
title |
Iron-Rich Magnetic Coal Fly Ash Particles Induce Apoptosis in Human Bronchial Cells |
title_short |
Iron-Rich Magnetic Coal Fly Ash Particles Induce Apoptosis in Human Bronchial Cells |
title_full |
Iron-Rich Magnetic Coal Fly Ash Particles Induce Apoptosis in Human Bronchial Cells |
title_fullStr |
Iron-Rich Magnetic Coal Fly Ash Particles Induce Apoptosis in Human Bronchial Cells |
title_full_unstemmed |
Iron-Rich Magnetic Coal Fly Ash Particles Induce Apoptosis in Human Bronchial Cells |
title_sort |
iron-rich magnetic coal fly ash particles induce apoptosis in human bronchial cells |
publisher |
MDPI |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10369/11239 https://doi.org/10.3390/app10238368 |
geographic |
Arctic Svalbard |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Svalbard |
genre |
Arctic Archipelago Arctic Svalbard |
genre_facet |
Arctic Archipelago Arctic Svalbard |
op_relation |
Applied Sciences; Lawson, M.J., Prytherch, Z.C., Jones, T.P., Adams, R.A. and BéruBé, K.A. (2020) 'Iron-Rich Magnetic Coal Fly Ash Particles Induce Apoptosis in Human Bronchial Cells', Applied Sciences, 10(23), p.8368. https://doi.org/10.3390/app10238368 2076-3417 http://hdl.handle.net/10369/11239 https://doi.org/10.3390/app10238368 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/app10238368 |
container_title |
Applied Sciences |
container_volume |
10 |
container_issue |
23 |
container_start_page |
8368 |
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