Organic carbon, mercury and climate change: towards a better understanding of biotic contamination in the Canadian Arctic
Mercury (Hg) is a known neurotoxin that is often found in concentrations exceeding safe consumption guidelines in aquatic biota. This is evident in northern Canada, where northerners consume significant amounts of animals such as beluga, seals and burbot. In the Mackenzie River Basin, recent increas...
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ftcanadathes:oai:collectionscanada.gc.ca:MWU.1993/3923 2023-05-15T14:27:11+02:00 Organic carbon, mercury and climate change: towards a better understanding of biotic contamination in the Canadian Arctic Carrie, Jesse D. Wang, Feiyue (Environment & Geography) Stern, Gary (Environment & Geography) Papakyriakou, Tim (Environment & Geography) Macdonald, Robie (Environment & Geography) Halden, Norman (Geological Science) Gobeil, Charles (Institut National de Recherche Scientifique) 2010-04-08T20:04:18Z http://hdl.handle.net/1993/3923 en_US eng Carrie, J., Sanei, H., Goodarzi, F., Stern, G., Wang, F. (2009) Characterization of organic matter in surface sediments of the Mackenzie River Basin, Canada, International Journal of Coal Geology 77:416-423. Carrie, J., Stern, G., Sanei, H., Macdonald, R., Outridge, P., Wang, F. (2010) Increasing contaminant burdens in an Arctic fish, burbot (lota lota), in a warming climate, Environmental Science & Technology 44: 316-322. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/3923 mercury Mackenzie River Arctic organic matter burbot climate change 2010 ftcanadathes 2014-03-30T00:50:28Z Mercury (Hg) is a known neurotoxin that is often found in concentrations exceeding safe consumption guidelines in aquatic biota. This is evident in northern Canada, where northerners consume significant amounts of animals such as beluga, seals and burbot. In the Mackenzie River Basin, recent increases in Hg concentration in many of these animals over the past 25 years have been observed. The warming climate, and with it, the changing carbon cycle, are hypothesised in this thesis to play a role in the increases. Within the context of the two major zones (mountainous and peatland), with distinct geomorphology, hydrology and geology, traditional fossil fuel exploration methods (Rock-Eval pyrolysis, organic petrography) have been employed in a novel manner on recent sediments to qualify and quantify the OM and several geochemical analyses have been used to determine the geochemical sources of Hg. The mountainous zone is composed mostly of refractory OM, from forest fire char and heavily reworked OM. It also contains, and fluxes, most of the Hg, which derives from oxidative weathering and erosion of widespread sulfide minerals. However, Hg from this zone is in chemical forms of limited bioavailability. The peatland zone has a greater proportion of labile OM, with higher concentrations of DOC and algal-derived OM. Lake-fed tributaries in this zone contain even higher proportions of labile OM. At one of these sites, the sediment core record shows that Hg has been increasingly associated with labile OM over time, due to increasing primary productivity accelerated by climate change, and is resulting in an increase in scavenged Hg. The temporal trend in algal-bound Hg in the sediment record matches very well with the temporal trend of Hg in burbot sampled from the area, providing one of the first and strongest lines of evidence for the climatic impact on Hg bioaccumulation in Arctic ecosystems. Other/Unknown Material Arctic Arctic Beluga Beluga* Burbot Climate change Mackenzie river Theses Canada/Thèses Canada (Library and Archives Canada) Arctic Canada Mackenzie River |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Theses Canada/Thèses Canada (Library and Archives Canada) |
op_collection_id |
ftcanadathes |
language |
English |
topic |
mercury Mackenzie River Arctic organic matter burbot climate change |
spellingShingle |
mercury Mackenzie River Arctic organic matter burbot climate change Carrie, Jesse D. Organic carbon, mercury and climate change: towards a better understanding of biotic contamination in the Canadian Arctic |
topic_facet |
mercury Mackenzie River Arctic organic matter burbot climate change |
description |
Mercury (Hg) is a known neurotoxin that is often found in concentrations exceeding safe consumption guidelines in aquatic biota. This is evident in northern Canada, where northerners consume significant amounts of animals such as beluga, seals and burbot. In the Mackenzie River Basin, recent increases in Hg concentration in many of these animals over the past 25 years have been observed. The warming climate, and with it, the changing carbon cycle, are hypothesised in this thesis to play a role in the increases. Within the context of the two major zones (mountainous and peatland), with distinct geomorphology, hydrology and geology, traditional fossil fuel exploration methods (Rock-Eval pyrolysis, organic petrography) have been employed in a novel manner on recent sediments to qualify and quantify the OM and several geochemical analyses have been used to determine the geochemical sources of Hg. The mountainous zone is composed mostly of refractory OM, from forest fire char and heavily reworked OM. It also contains, and fluxes, most of the Hg, which derives from oxidative weathering and erosion of widespread sulfide minerals. However, Hg from this zone is in chemical forms of limited bioavailability. The peatland zone has a greater proportion of labile OM, with higher concentrations of DOC and algal-derived OM. Lake-fed tributaries in this zone contain even higher proportions of labile OM. At one of these sites, the sediment core record shows that Hg has been increasingly associated with labile OM over time, due to increasing primary productivity accelerated by climate change, and is resulting in an increase in scavenged Hg. The temporal trend in algal-bound Hg in the sediment record matches very well with the temporal trend of Hg in burbot sampled from the area, providing one of the first and strongest lines of evidence for the climatic impact on Hg bioaccumulation in Arctic ecosystems. |
author2 |
Wang, Feiyue (Environment & Geography) Stern, Gary (Environment & Geography) Papakyriakou, Tim (Environment & Geography) Macdonald, Robie (Environment & Geography) Halden, Norman (Geological Science) Gobeil, Charles (Institut National de Recherche Scientifique) |
author |
Carrie, Jesse D. |
author_facet |
Carrie, Jesse D. |
author_sort |
Carrie, Jesse D. |
title |
Organic carbon, mercury and climate change: towards a better understanding of biotic contamination in the Canadian Arctic |
title_short |
Organic carbon, mercury and climate change: towards a better understanding of biotic contamination in the Canadian Arctic |
title_full |
Organic carbon, mercury and climate change: towards a better understanding of biotic contamination in the Canadian Arctic |
title_fullStr |
Organic carbon, mercury and climate change: towards a better understanding of biotic contamination in the Canadian Arctic |
title_full_unstemmed |
Organic carbon, mercury and climate change: towards a better understanding of biotic contamination in the Canadian Arctic |
title_sort |
organic carbon, mercury and climate change: towards a better understanding of biotic contamination in the canadian arctic |
publishDate |
2010 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/1993/3923 |
geographic |
Arctic Canada Mackenzie River |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Canada Mackenzie River |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Beluga Beluga* Burbot Climate change Mackenzie river |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Beluga Beluga* Burbot Climate change Mackenzie river |
op_relation |
Carrie, J., Sanei, H., Goodarzi, F., Stern, G., Wang, F. (2009) Characterization of organic matter in surface sediments of the Mackenzie River Basin, Canada, International Journal of Coal Geology 77:416-423. Carrie, J., Stern, G., Sanei, H., Macdonald, R., Outridge, P., Wang, F. (2010) Increasing contaminant burdens in an Arctic fish, burbot (lota lota), in a warming climate, Environmental Science & Technology 44: 316-322. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/3923 |
_version_ |
1766300803131244544 |