The temperature of the Icelandic mantle from olivine-spinel aluminum exchange thermometry
New crystallization temperatures for four eruptions from the Northern Volcanic Zone of Iceland are determined using olivine-spinel aluminum exchange thermometry. Differences in the olivine crystallization temperatures between these eruptions are consistent with variable extents of cooling during fra...
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American Geophysical Union
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ftcaltechauth:oai:authors.library.caltech.edu:tfgh5-d3j90 2024-06-23T07:53:56+00:00 The temperature of the Icelandic mantle from olivine-spinel aluminum exchange thermometry Matthews, S. Shorttle, O. Maclennan, J. 2016-11 https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GC006497 unknown American Geophysical Union https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GC006497 oai:authors.library.caltech.edu:tfgh5-d3j90 eprintid:74486 resolverid:CaltechAUTHORS:20170223-073317341 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Other Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 17(11), 4725-4752, (2016-11) mantle temperature Iceland geothermometry aluminum olivine info:eu-repo/semantics/article 2016 ftcaltechauth https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GC006497 2024-06-12T05:48:46Z New crystallization temperatures for four eruptions from the Northern Volcanic Zone of Iceland are determined using olivine-spinel aluminum exchange thermometry. Differences in the olivine crystallization temperatures between these eruptions are consistent with variable extents of cooling during fractional crystallization. However, the crystallization temperatures for Iceland are systematically offset to higher temperatures than equivalent olivine-spinel aluminum exchange crystallization temperatures published for MORB, an effect that cannot be explained by fractional crystallization. The highest observed crystallization temperature in Iceland is 1399 ± 20°C. In order to convert crystallization temperatures to mantle potential temperature, we developed a model of multilithology mantle melting that tracks the thermal evolution of the mantle during isentropic decompression melting. With this model, we explore the controls on the temperature at which primary melts begin to crystallize, as a function of source composition and the depth from which the magmas are derived. Large differences (200°C) in crystallization temperature can be generated by variations in mantle lithology, a magma's inferred depth of origin, and its thermal history. Combining this model with independent constraints on the magma volume flux and the effect of lithological heterogeneity on melt production, restricted regions of potential temperature-lithology space can be identified as consistent with the observed crystallization temperatures. Mantle potential temperature is constrained to be 1480^(+37)_(-30)°C for Iceland and 1318^(+44)_(-32)°C for MORB. © 2016 American Geophysical Union. Received 21 JUN 2016; Accepted 3 NOV 2016; Accepted article online 7 NOV 2016; Published online 24 NOV 2016. Supporting information Table S1 contains average chemical data and thermometry results for each crystal pair studied. The authors thank A. Thomson and L. Tweed for preparing sample mounts, E. Jennings and J. Rudge for helpful discussions about ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Iceland Caltech Authors (California Institute of Technology) Jennings ENVELOPE(72.556,72.556,-70.145,-70.145) Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems 17 11 4725 4752 |
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Caltech Authors (California Institute of Technology) |
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topic |
mantle temperature Iceland geothermometry aluminum olivine |
spellingShingle |
mantle temperature Iceland geothermometry aluminum olivine Matthews, S. Shorttle, O. Maclennan, J. The temperature of the Icelandic mantle from olivine-spinel aluminum exchange thermometry |
topic_facet |
mantle temperature Iceland geothermometry aluminum olivine |
description |
New crystallization temperatures for four eruptions from the Northern Volcanic Zone of Iceland are determined using olivine-spinel aluminum exchange thermometry. Differences in the olivine crystallization temperatures between these eruptions are consistent with variable extents of cooling during fractional crystallization. However, the crystallization temperatures for Iceland are systematically offset to higher temperatures than equivalent olivine-spinel aluminum exchange crystallization temperatures published for MORB, an effect that cannot be explained by fractional crystallization. The highest observed crystallization temperature in Iceland is 1399 ± 20°C. In order to convert crystallization temperatures to mantle potential temperature, we developed a model of multilithology mantle melting that tracks the thermal evolution of the mantle during isentropic decompression melting. With this model, we explore the controls on the temperature at which primary melts begin to crystallize, as a function of source composition and the depth from which the magmas are derived. Large differences (200°C) in crystallization temperature can be generated by variations in mantle lithology, a magma's inferred depth of origin, and its thermal history. Combining this model with independent constraints on the magma volume flux and the effect of lithological heterogeneity on melt production, restricted regions of potential temperature-lithology space can be identified as consistent with the observed crystallization temperatures. Mantle potential temperature is constrained to be 1480^(+37)_(-30)°C for Iceland and 1318^(+44)_(-32)°C for MORB. © 2016 American Geophysical Union. Received 21 JUN 2016; Accepted 3 NOV 2016; Accepted article online 7 NOV 2016; Published online 24 NOV 2016. Supporting information Table S1 contains average chemical data and thermometry results for each crystal pair studied. The authors thank A. Thomson and L. Tweed for preparing sample mounts, E. Jennings and J. Rudge for helpful discussions about ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Matthews, S. Shorttle, O. Maclennan, J. |
author_facet |
Matthews, S. Shorttle, O. Maclennan, J. |
author_sort |
Matthews, S. |
title |
The temperature of the Icelandic mantle from olivine-spinel aluminum exchange thermometry |
title_short |
The temperature of the Icelandic mantle from olivine-spinel aluminum exchange thermometry |
title_full |
The temperature of the Icelandic mantle from olivine-spinel aluminum exchange thermometry |
title_fullStr |
The temperature of the Icelandic mantle from olivine-spinel aluminum exchange thermometry |
title_full_unstemmed |
The temperature of the Icelandic mantle from olivine-spinel aluminum exchange thermometry |
title_sort |
temperature of the icelandic mantle from olivine-spinel aluminum exchange thermometry |
publisher |
American Geophysical Union |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GC006497 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(72.556,72.556,-70.145,-70.145) |
geographic |
Jennings |
geographic_facet |
Jennings |
genre |
Iceland |
genre_facet |
Iceland |
op_source |
Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 17(11), 4725-4752, (2016-11) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GC006497 oai:authors.library.caltech.edu:tfgh5-d3j90 eprintid:74486 resolverid:CaltechAUTHORS:20170223-073317341 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Other |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GC006497 |
container_title |
Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems |
container_volume |
17 |
container_issue |
11 |
container_start_page |
4725 |
op_container_end_page |
4752 |
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1802645820762226688 |