¹â¸O/¹â¶O ratios in ash-flow tuffs and lavas erupted from the central Nevada caldera complex and the central San Juan caldera complex, Colorado
Oxygen isotope compositions were measured on 129 quartz, feldspar, and biotite phenocrysts from ash-flow tuffs and lava domes erupted from the Oligocene central Nevada and central San Juan caldera complexes. Most of the ash-flow tuffs are compositionally zoned with low-phenocryst rhyolite bases and...
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ftcaltechauth:oai:authors.library.caltech.edu:rh8wb-77546 2024-09-15T18:14:43+00:00 ¹â¸O/¹â¶O ratios in ash-flow tuffs and lavas erupted from the central Nevada caldera complex and the central San Juan caldera complex, Colorado Larson, Peter B. Taylor, Hugh P., Jr. 1986-02 https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00375290 unknown Springer https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00375290 oai:authors.library.caltech.edu:rh8wb-77546 eprintid:117411 resolverid:CaltechAUTHORS:20221013-513869100.1 info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess Other Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 92(2), 146-156, (1986-02) Geochemistry and Petrology Geophysics info:eu-repo/semantics/article 1986 ftcaltechauth https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00375290 2024-08-06T15:35:00Z Oxygen isotope compositions were measured on 129 quartz, feldspar, and biotite phenocrysts from ash-flow tuffs and lava domes erupted from the Oligocene central Nevada and central San Juan caldera complexes. Most of the ash-flow tuffs are compositionally zoned with low-phenocryst rhyolite bases and high-phenocryst quartz-latite tops, but both within individual units and throughout each of the eruptive sequences at each locality, the δ¹â¸O values are remarkably constant. δ¹â¸O values of the central Nevada magmas range from +9.1 to +9.8 per mil: These values are high and indicate the involvement of high-¹â¸O geosynclinal sediments in the melting process. Magmatic δ¹â¸O values decrease by only about 0.4 per mil from the initial eruption sequence to the middle eruptive, the giant Monotony Tuff (3000 km3). The initial higher δ¹â¸O values are reestablished in the late eruptive sequence, but decrease again by about 0.4 per mil in the latest ring-fracture eruptions. δ¹â¸O values in the central San Juan magmas range from +6.8 to +7.5: These values are relatively low and indicate involvement of lower cratonal crust and upper mantle in the melting process. Magmatic δ¹â¸O values decrease by about 0.4 per mil from the early sequence (Fish Canyon, Carpenter Ridge, and Mammoth Mountain Tuffs) to the late sequence (Wason Park, Nelson Mountain, and Snowshoe Mountain Tuffs). ¹â¸O/¹â¶O fractionations among phenocrysts in both Nevada and Colorado are much smaller than among corresponding minerals in plutonic granitic rocks. These fractionations also decrease from stratigraphically lower to higher samples in each cooling unit, so the ¹â¸O/¹â¶O data agree with other evidence that these represent quenched equilibrium at magmatic temperatures, and that prior to eruption the tops of the magma chambers were cooler than the deeper portions. In striking contrast to what is observed in Iceland and in the late-Tertiary to Quaternary southwest Nevada and Yellowstone caldera complexes, we have found no evidence for any ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Iceland Caltech Authors (California Institute of Technology) Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 92 2 146 156 |
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Caltech Authors (California Institute of Technology) |
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topic |
Geochemistry and Petrology Geophysics |
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Geochemistry and Petrology Geophysics Larson, Peter B. Taylor, Hugh P., Jr. ¹â¸O/¹â¶O ratios in ash-flow tuffs and lavas erupted from the central Nevada caldera complex and the central San Juan caldera complex, Colorado |
topic_facet |
Geochemistry and Petrology Geophysics |
description |
Oxygen isotope compositions were measured on 129 quartz, feldspar, and biotite phenocrysts from ash-flow tuffs and lava domes erupted from the Oligocene central Nevada and central San Juan caldera complexes. Most of the ash-flow tuffs are compositionally zoned with low-phenocryst rhyolite bases and high-phenocryst quartz-latite tops, but both within individual units and throughout each of the eruptive sequences at each locality, the δ¹â¸O values are remarkably constant. δ¹â¸O values of the central Nevada magmas range from +9.1 to +9.8 per mil: These values are high and indicate the involvement of high-¹â¸O geosynclinal sediments in the melting process. Magmatic δ¹â¸O values decrease by only about 0.4 per mil from the initial eruption sequence to the middle eruptive, the giant Monotony Tuff (3000 km3). The initial higher δ¹â¸O values are reestablished in the late eruptive sequence, but decrease again by about 0.4 per mil in the latest ring-fracture eruptions. δ¹â¸O values in the central San Juan magmas range from +6.8 to +7.5: These values are relatively low and indicate involvement of lower cratonal crust and upper mantle in the melting process. Magmatic δ¹â¸O values decrease by about 0.4 per mil from the early sequence (Fish Canyon, Carpenter Ridge, and Mammoth Mountain Tuffs) to the late sequence (Wason Park, Nelson Mountain, and Snowshoe Mountain Tuffs). ¹â¸O/¹â¶O fractionations among phenocrysts in both Nevada and Colorado are much smaller than among corresponding minerals in plutonic granitic rocks. These fractionations also decrease from stratigraphically lower to higher samples in each cooling unit, so the ¹â¸O/¹â¶O data agree with other evidence that these represent quenched equilibrium at magmatic temperatures, and that prior to eruption the tops of the magma chambers were cooler than the deeper portions. In striking contrast to what is observed in Iceland and in the late-Tertiary to Quaternary southwest Nevada and Yellowstone caldera complexes, we have found no evidence for any ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Larson, Peter B. Taylor, Hugh P., Jr. |
author_facet |
Larson, Peter B. Taylor, Hugh P., Jr. |
author_sort |
Larson, Peter B. |
title |
¹â¸O/¹â¶O ratios in ash-flow tuffs and lavas erupted from the central Nevada caldera complex and the central San Juan caldera complex, Colorado |
title_short |
¹â¸O/¹â¶O ratios in ash-flow tuffs and lavas erupted from the central Nevada caldera complex and the central San Juan caldera complex, Colorado |
title_full |
¹â¸O/¹â¶O ratios in ash-flow tuffs and lavas erupted from the central Nevada caldera complex and the central San Juan caldera complex, Colorado |
title_fullStr |
¹â¸O/¹â¶O ratios in ash-flow tuffs and lavas erupted from the central Nevada caldera complex and the central San Juan caldera complex, Colorado |
title_full_unstemmed |
¹â¸O/¹â¶O ratios in ash-flow tuffs and lavas erupted from the central Nevada caldera complex and the central San Juan caldera complex, Colorado |
title_sort |
â¹â¸o/â¹â¶o ratios in ash-flow tuffs and lavas erupted from the central nevada caldera complex and the central san juan caldera complex, colorado |
publisher |
Springer |
publishDate |
1986 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00375290 |
genre |
Iceland |
genre_facet |
Iceland |
op_source |
Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 92(2), 146-156, (1986-02) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00375290 oai:authors.library.caltech.edu:rh8wb-77546 eprintid:117411 resolverid:CaltechAUTHORS:20221013-513869100.1 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess Other |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00375290 |
container_title |
Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology |
container_volume |
92 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
146 |
op_container_end_page |
156 |
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1810452495017705472 |