GABAergic role in the disruption of wild cleaner fish behaviour under high COâ‚‚

• Main Authors: Paula, José Ricardo, Cascalheira, Ligia, Oliveira, Raul, Otjacques, Eve, Frazão-Santos, Catarina, Beldade, Ricardo, Mills, Suzanne C., Rosa, Rui
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: unknown
• Published: Elsevier Masson 2023
• Subjects: Animal Science and Zoology; Ecology; Evolution; Behavior and Systematics; Bia; Ocean acidification
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2022.11.003

Ocean acidification is considered to affect fish behaviour through the disruption of GABAergic neurotransmission in controlled laboratory conditions, but less is known of the GABAergic role on fish behavioural performance in the wild. Most coral reef fishes engage in complex cleaning interactions, where they benefit from ectoparasite removal and stress relief. Here, we tested whether potential ocean acidification impairment of wild cleaning interactions, between the cleaner fish Labroides dimidiatus and its clients, can be explained by the GABAAR model. We used, the GABAA receptor agonist (muscimol) and antagonist (gabazine) for the first time in the wild and tested their effects on cleaning behaviour in Moorea Island (French Polynesia) to address natural interactions and recovery capacity. After exposure to expected ocean acidification conditions, the proportion of time spent advertising cleaning services, a measure of motivation to interact, dropped significantly relative to controls. Furthermore, the GABAergic antagonist gabazine recovered most CO₂-induced behavioural alterations to control levels, consistent with the GABAAR model of altered Cl⻠flux in ocean acidification-exposed fish. However, muscimol treatment only produced the same behavioural alterations found with CO₂ exposure in time spent advertising cleaning. Our results support the evidence that ocean acidification alters some components of cleaning behaviour through GABAA receptor modulation with potential cascading effects on coral reef health and structure. © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. We acknowledge CRIOBE research station staff for the help provided throughout this study. We also acknowledge Frederik Zuberer for providing the cleaner fish photo. Portuguese national funds funded this study through FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia, I.P., within the projects PTDC/BIA-BMA/0080/2021 (ChangingMoods), PTDC/MAR-EST/5880/2014 (MUTUALCHANGE), the ...