Cosmic rays near the north geomagnetic pole in the summers of 1955 and 1956

The experiments herein described are a continuation of similar experiments performed in previous years near the north geomagnetic pole. In 1954 low-energy particles were found at high altitudes which had the characteristics of protons with energies down to 150 Mev. In 1955 flights to higher altitude...

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Published in:Physical Review
Main Author: Neher, H. V.
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: 1957
Subjects:
Online Access:https://authors.library.caltech.edu/8962/
https://authors.library.caltech.edu/8962/1/NEHpr57.pdf
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spelling ftcaltechauth:oai:authors.library.caltech.edu:8962 2023-05-15T16:19:38+02:00 Cosmic rays near the north geomagnetic pole in the summers of 1955 and 1956 Neher, H. V. 1957-07-15 application/pdf https://authors.library.caltech.edu/8962/ https://authors.library.caltech.edu/8962/1/NEHpr57.pdf https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:NEHpr57 en eng https://authors.library.caltech.edu/8962/1/NEHpr57.pdf Neher, H. V. (1957) Cosmic rays near the north geomagnetic pole in the summers of 1955 and 1956. Physical Review, 107 (2). pp. 588-592. ISSN 0031-899X. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.107.588. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:NEHpr57 <https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:NEHpr57> other Caltech Library Services Article PeerReviewed 1957 ftcaltechauth https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.107.588 2021-11-11T18:39:56Z The experiments herein described are a continuation of similar experiments performed in previous years near the north geomagnetic pole. In 1954 low-energy particles were found at high altitudes which had the characteristics of protons with energies down to 150 Mev. In 1955 flights to higher altitudes (4 g cm^-2) indicated that these energies extended down to at least 100 Mev for protons. The numbers of both the high-energy particles (E>1 Bev) and those of low energy, in 1955 were less than in 1954. On one flight in 1955 the very low-energy particles were missing. In 1956, these low-energy particles (<300 Mev for protons) were missing completely. The "shape" of the ionization-depth curves at high altitudes appears to be a sensitive index of the presence or absence of these low-energy particles. In 1956 the "shape" of the curves at low pressures (<100 g cm^-2) was similar to those of 1951 when the low-energy radiation was missing and when a "knee" was present in the latitude curve at high altitudes. We infer that a "knee" was also present in 1956 but not in 1955. The fluctuations were also large in 1955 and 1956 compared with 1954. The average intensity of cosmic rays since 1954 has been decreasing with time as the sun approaches its maximum activity. This is in accordance with Forbush's relationship. However, in 1956 three of six flights showed intensities in the lower part of the atmosphere even less than any of the flights of 1937 at Saskatoon, Canada, in spite of the fact that the sun's activity in 1956 was less than in 1937. Article in Journal/Newspaper Geomagnetic Pole Caltech Authors (California Institute of Technology) Canada Physical Review 107 2 588 592
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collection Caltech Authors (California Institute of Technology)
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language English
topic Caltech Library Services
spellingShingle Caltech Library Services
Neher, H. V.
Cosmic rays near the north geomagnetic pole in the summers of 1955 and 1956
topic_facet Caltech Library Services
description The experiments herein described are a continuation of similar experiments performed in previous years near the north geomagnetic pole. In 1954 low-energy particles were found at high altitudes which had the characteristics of protons with energies down to 150 Mev. In 1955 flights to higher altitudes (4 g cm^-2) indicated that these energies extended down to at least 100 Mev for protons. The numbers of both the high-energy particles (E>1 Bev) and those of low energy, in 1955 were less than in 1954. On one flight in 1955 the very low-energy particles were missing. In 1956, these low-energy particles (<300 Mev for protons) were missing completely. The "shape" of the ionization-depth curves at high altitudes appears to be a sensitive index of the presence or absence of these low-energy particles. In 1956 the "shape" of the curves at low pressures (<100 g cm^-2) was similar to those of 1951 when the low-energy radiation was missing and when a "knee" was present in the latitude curve at high altitudes. We infer that a "knee" was also present in 1956 but not in 1955. The fluctuations were also large in 1955 and 1956 compared with 1954. The average intensity of cosmic rays since 1954 has been decreasing with time as the sun approaches its maximum activity. This is in accordance with Forbush's relationship. However, in 1956 three of six flights showed intensities in the lower part of the atmosphere even less than any of the flights of 1937 at Saskatoon, Canada, in spite of the fact that the sun's activity in 1956 was less than in 1937.
format Article in Journal/Newspaper
author Neher, H. V.
author_facet Neher, H. V.
author_sort Neher, H. V.
title Cosmic rays near the north geomagnetic pole in the summers of 1955 and 1956
title_short Cosmic rays near the north geomagnetic pole in the summers of 1955 and 1956
title_full Cosmic rays near the north geomagnetic pole in the summers of 1955 and 1956
title_fullStr Cosmic rays near the north geomagnetic pole in the summers of 1955 and 1956
title_full_unstemmed Cosmic rays near the north geomagnetic pole in the summers of 1955 and 1956
title_sort cosmic rays near the north geomagnetic pole in the summers of 1955 and 1956
publishDate 1957
url https://authors.library.caltech.edu/8962/
https://authors.library.caltech.edu/8962/1/NEHpr57.pdf
https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:NEHpr57
geographic Canada
geographic_facet Canada
genre Geomagnetic Pole
genre_facet Geomagnetic Pole
op_relation https://authors.library.caltech.edu/8962/1/NEHpr57.pdf
Neher, H. V. (1957) Cosmic rays near the north geomagnetic pole in the summers of 1955 and 1956. Physical Review, 107 (2). pp. 588-592. ISSN 0031-899X. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.107.588. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:NEHpr57 <https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:NEHpr57>
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op_doi https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.107.588
container_title Physical Review
container_volume 107
container_issue 2
container_start_page 588
op_container_end_page 592
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