Environmental changes during the Cretaceous-Paleogene mass extinction and Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum: Implications for the Anthropocene
The Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary (KPB) mass extinction (~ 66.02 Ma) and the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) (~ 55.8 Ma) are two remarkable climatic and faunal events in Earth's history that have implications for the current Anthropocene global warming and rapid diversity loss. Here we...
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ftcaltechauth:oai:authors.library.caltech.edu:76ytv-py572 2024-09-15T18:23:44+00:00 Environmental changes during the Cretaceous-Paleogene mass extinction and Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum: Implications for the Anthropocene Keller, Gerta Mateo, Paula Punekar, Jahnavi Khozyem, Hassan Gertsch, Brian Spangenberg, Jorge Bitchong, Andre Mbabi Adatte, Thierry 2018-04 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2017.12.002 unknown Elsevier https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2017.12.002 oai:authors.library.caltech.edu:76ytv-py572 eprintid:84670 resolverid:CaltechAUTHORS:20180205-092618571 info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess Other Gondwana Research, 56, 69-89, (2018-04) info:eu-repo/semantics/article 2018 ftcaltechauth https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2017.12.002 2024-08-06T15:34:58Z The Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary (KPB) mass extinction (~ 66.02 Ma) and the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) (~ 55.8 Ma) are two remarkable climatic and faunal events in Earth's history that have implications for the current Anthropocene global warming and rapid diversity loss. Here we evaluate these two events at the stratotype localities in Tunisia and Egypt based on climate warming and environmental responses recorded in faunal and geochemical proxies. The KPB mass extinction is commonly attributed to the Chicxulub impact, but Deccan volcanism appears as a major culprit. New mercury analysis reveals that major Deccan eruptions accelerated during the last 10 ky and reached the tipping point leading up to the mass extinction. During the PETM, climate warmed rapidly by ~ 5 °C, which is mainly attributed to methane degassing from seafloor sediments during global warming linked to the North Atlantic Igneous Province (NAIP). Biological effects were transient, marked by temporary absence of most planktic foraminifera due to ocean acidification followed by the return of the pre-PETM fauna and diversification. In contrast, the current rapid rise in atmospheric CO_2 and climate warming are magnitudes faster than at the KPB or PETM events leading to predictions of a PETM-like response as best case scenario and rapidly approaching sixth mass extinction as worst-case scenario. © 2017 International Association for Gondwana Research. Published by Elsevier B.V. Received 6 August 2017, Revised 30 November 2017, Accepted 1 December 2017, Available online 24 December 2017. Article in Journal/Newspaper North Atlantic Ocean acidification Caltech Authors (California Institute of Technology) Gondwana Research 56 69 89 |
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The Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary (KPB) mass extinction (~ 66.02 Ma) and the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) (~ 55.8 Ma) are two remarkable climatic and faunal events in Earth's history that have implications for the current Anthropocene global warming and rapid diversity loss. Here we evaluate these two events at the stratotype localities in Tunisia and Egypt based on climate warming and environmental responses recorded in faunal and geochemical proxies. The KPB mass extinction is commonly attributed to the Chicxulub impact, but Deccan volcanism appears as a major culprit. New mercury analysis reveals that major Deccan eruptions accelerated during the last 10 ky and reached the tipping point leading up to the mass extinction. During the PETM, climate warmed rapidly by ~ 5 °C, which is mainly attributed to methane degassing from seafloor sediments during global warming linked to the North Atlantic Igneous Province (NAIP). Biological effects were transient, marked by temporary absence of most planktic foraminifera due to ocean acidification followed by the return of the pre-PETM fauna and diversification. In contrast, the current rapid rise in atmospheric CO_2 and climate warming are magnitudes faster than at the KPB or PETM events leading to predictions of a PETM-like response as best case scenario and rapidly approaching sixth mass extinction as worst-case scenario. © 2017 International Association for Gondwana Research. Published by Elsevier B.V. Received 6 August 2017, Revised 30 November 2017, Accepted 1 December 2017, Available online 24 December 2017. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Keller, Gerta Mateo, Paula Punekar, Jahnavi Khozyem, Hassan Gertsch, Brian Spangenberg, Jorge Bitchong, Andre Mbabi Adatte, Thierry |
spellingShingle |
Keller, Gerta Mateo, Paula Punekar, Jahnavi Khozyem, Hassan Gertsch, Brian Spangenberg, Jorge Bitchong, Andre Mbabi Adatte, Thierry Environmental changes during the Cretaceous-Paleogene mass extinction and Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum: Implications for the Anthropocene |
author_facet |
Keller, Gerta Mateo, Paula Punekar, Jahnavi Khozyem, Hassan Gertsch, Brian Spangenberg, Jorge Bitchong, Andre Mbabi Adatte, Thierry |
author_sort |
Keller, Gerta |
title |
Environmental changes during the Cretaceous-Paleogene mass extinction and Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum: Implications for the Anthropocene |
title_short |
Environmental changes during the Cretaceous-Paleogene mass extinction and Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum: Implications for the Anthropocene |
title_full |
Environmental changes during the Cretaceous-Paleogene mass extinction and Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum: Implications for the Anthropocene |
title_fullStr |
Environmental changes during the Cretaceous-Paleogene mass extinction and Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum: Implications for the Anthropocene |
title_full_unstemmed |
Environmental changes during the Cretaceous-Paleogene mass extinction and Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum: Implications for the Anthropocene |
title_sort |
environmental changes during the cretaceous-paleogene mass extinction and paleocene-eocene thermal maximum: implications for the anthropocene |
publisher |
Elsevier |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2017.12.002 |
genre |
North Atlantic Ocean acidification |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic Ocean acidification |
op_source |
Gondwana Research, 56, 69-89, (2018-04) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2017.12.002 oai:authors.library.caltech.edu:76ytv-py572 eprintid:84670 resolverid:CaltechAUTHORS:20180205-092618571 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess Other |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2017.12.002 |
container_title |
Gondwana Research |
container_volume |
56 |
container_start_page |
69 |
op_container_end_page |
89 |
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1810463994316587008 |