Asteroid Measurements at Millimeter Wavelengths with the South Pole Telescope

We present the first measurements of asteroids in millimeter wavelength data from the South Pole Telescope (SPT), which is used primarily to study the cosmic microwave background (CMB). We analyze maps of two ∼270 deg² sky regions near the ecliptic plane, each observed with the SPTpol camera ∼100 ti...

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Published in:The Astrophysical Journal
Main Authors: Chichura, P. M., Foster, A., Patel, C., Ossa-Jaen, N., Ade, P. A. R., Ahmed, Z., Anderson, A. J., Archipley, M., Austermann, J. E., Avva, J. S., Balkenhol, L., Barry, P. S., Thakur, R. Basu, Beall, J. A., Benabed, K., Bender, A. N., Benson, B. A., Bianchini, F., Bleem, L. E., Bouchet, F. R., Bryant, L., Byrum, K., Carlstrom, J. E., Carter, F. W., Cecil, T. W., Chang, C. L., Chaubal, P., Chen, G., Chiang, H. C., Cho, H.-M., Chou, T-L., Citron, R., Cliche, J.-F., Crawford, T. M., Crites, A. T., Cukierman, A., Daley, C. M., Denison, E. V., Dibert, K., Ding, J., Dobbs, M. A., Dutcher, D., Everett, W., Feng, C., Ferguson, K. R., Fu, J., Galli, S., Gallicchio, J., Gambrel, A. E., Gardner, R. W.
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:unknown
Published: American Astronomical Society 2022
Subjects:
South Pole
South pole
Online Access:https://authors.library.caltech.edu/117116/
https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20220922-931611600.14
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institution Open Polar
collection Caltech Authors (California Institute of Technology)
op_collection_id ftcaltechauth
language unknown
description We present the first measurements of asteroids in millimeter wavelength data from the South Pole Telescope (SPT), which is used primarily to study the cosmic microwave background (CMB). We analyze maps of two ∼270 deg² sky regions near the ecliptic plane, each observed with the SPTpol camera ∼100 times over 1 month. We subtract the mean of all maps of a given field, removing static sky signal, and then average the mean-subtracted maps at known asteroid locations. We detect three asteroids -- (324) Bamberga, (13) Egeria, and (22) Kalliope -- with signal-to-noise ratios (S/N) of 11.2, 10.4, and 6.1, respectively, at 2.0 mm (150 GHz); we also detect (324) Bamberga with an S/N of 4.1 at 3.2 mm (95 GHz). We place constraints on these asteroids' effective emissivities, brightness temperatures, and light-curve modulation amplitude. Our flux density measurements of (324) Bamberga and (13) Egeria roughly agree with predictions, while our measurements of (22) Kalliope suggest lower flux, corresponding to effective emissivities of 0.64 ± 0.11 at 2.0 and < 0.47 at 3.2 mm. We predict the asteroids detectable in other SPT data sets and find good agreement with detections of (772) Tanete and (1093) Freda in recent data from the SPT-3G camera, which has ∼10× the mapping speed of SPTpol. This work is the first focused analysis of asteroids in data from CMB surveys, and it demonstrates we can repurpose historic and future data sets for asteroid studies. Future SPT measurements can help constrain the distribution of surface properties over a larger asteroid population.
format Article in Journal/Newspaper
author Chichura, P. M.
Foster, A.
Patel, C.
Ossa-Jaen, N.
Ade, P. A. R.
Ahmed, Z.
Anderson, A. J.
Archipley, M.
Austermann, J. E.
Avva, J. S.
Balkenhol, L.
Barry, P. S.
Thakur, R. Basu
Beall, J. A.
Benabed, K.
Bender, A. N.
Benson, B. A.
Bianchini, F.
Bleem, L. E.
Bouchet, F. R.
Bryant, L.
Byrum, K.
Carlstrom, J. E.
Carter, F. W.
Cecil, T. W.
Chang, C. L.
Chaubal, P.
Chen, G.
Chiang, H. C.
Cho, H.-M.
Chou, T-L.
Citron, R.
Cliche, J.-F.
Crawford, T. M.
Crites, A. T.
Cukierman, A.
Daley, C. M.
Denison, E. V.
Dibert, K.
Ding, J.
Dobbs, M. A.
Dutcher, D.
Everett, W.
Feng, C.
Ferguson, K. R.
Fu, J.
Galli, S.
Gallicchio, J.
Gambrel, A. E.
Gardner, R. W.
spellingShingle Chichura, P. M.
Foster, A.
Patel, C.
Ossa-Jaen, N.
Ade, P. A. R.
Ahmed, Z.
Anderson, A. J.
Archipley, M.
Austermann, J. E.
Avva, J. S.
Balkenhol, L.
Barry, P. S.
Thakur, R. Basu
Beall, J. A.
Benabed, K.
Bender, A. N.
Benson, B. A.
Bianchini, F.
Bleem, L. E.
Bouchet, F. R.
Bryant, L.
Byrum, K.
Carlstrom, J. E.
Carter, F. W.
Cecil, T. W.
Chang, C. L.
Chaubal, P.
Chen, G.
Chiang, H. C.
Cho, H.-M.
Chou, T-L.
Citron, R.
Cliche, J.-F.
Crawford, T. M.
Crites, A. T.
Cukierman, A.
Daley, C. M.
Denison, E. V.
Dibert, K.
Ding, J.
Dobbs, M. A.
Dutcher, D.
Everett, W.
Feng, C.
Ferguson, K. R.
Fu, J.
Galli, S.
Gallicchio, J.
Gambrel, A. E.
Gardner, R. W.
Asteroid Measurements at Millimeter Wavelengths with the South Pole Telescope
author_facet Chichura, P. M.
Foster, A.
Patel, C.
Ossa-Jaen, N.
Ade, P. A. R.
Ahmed, Z.
Anderson, A. J.
Archipley, M.
Austermann, J. E.
Avva, J. S.
Balkenhol, L.
Barry, P. S.
Thakur, R. Basu
Beall, J. A.
Benabed, K.
Bender, A. N.
Benson, B. A.
Bianchini, F.
Bleem, L. E.
Bouchet, F. R.
Bryant, L.
Byrum, K.
Carlstrom, J. E.
Carter, F. W.
Cecil, T. W.
Chang, C. L.
Chaubal, P.
Chen, G.
Chiang, H. C.
Cho, H.-M.
Chou, T-L.
Citron, R.
Cliche, J.-F.
Crawford, T. M.
Crites, A. T.
Cukierman, A.
Daley, C. M.
Denison, E. V.
Dibert, K.
Ding, J.
Dobbs, M. A.
Dutcher, D.
Everett, W.
Feng, C.
Ferguson, K. R.
Fu, J.
Galli, S.
Gallicchio, J.
Gambrel, A. E.
Gardner, R. W.
author_sort Chichura, P. M.
title Asteroid Measurements at Millimeter Wavelengths with the South Pole Telescope
title_short Asteroid Measurements at Millimeter Wavelengths with the South Pole Telescope
title_full Asteroid Measurements at Millimeter Wavelengths with the South Pole Telescope
title_fullStr Asteroid Measurements at Millimeter Wavelengths with the South Pole Telescope
title_full_unstemmed Asteroid Measurements at Millimeter Wavelengths with the South Pole Telescope
title_sort asteroid measurements at millimeter wavelengths with the south pole telescope
publisher American Astronomical Society
publishDate 2022
url https://authors.library.caltech.edu/117116/
https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20220922-931611600.14
geographic South Pole
geographic_facet South Pole
genre South pole
genre_facet South pole
op_relation Chichura, P. M. and Foster, A. and Patel, C. and Ossa-Jaen, N. and Ade, P. A. R. and Ahmed, Z. and Anderson, A. J. and Archipley, M. and Austermann, J. E. and Avva, J. S. and Balkenhol, L. and Barry, P. S. and Thakur, R. Basu and Beall, J. A. and Benabed, K. and Bender, A. N. and Benson, B. A. and Bianchini, F. and Bleem, L. E. and Bouchet, F. R. and Bryant, L. and Byrum, K. and Carlstrom, J. E. and Carter, F. W. and Cecil, T. W. and Chang, C. L. and Chaubal, P. and Chen, G. and Chiang, H. C. and Cho, H.-M. and Chou, T-L. and Citron, R. and Cliche, J.-F. and Crawford, T. M. and Crites, A. T. and Cukierman, A. and Daley, C. M. and Denison, E. V. and Dibert, K. and Ding, J. and Dobbs, M. A. and Dutcher, D. and Everett, W. and Feng, C. and Ferguson, K. R. and Fu, J. and Galli, S. and Gallicchio, J. and Gambrel, A. E. and Gardner, R. W. and George, E. M. and Goeckner-Wald, N. and Gualtieri, R. and Guns, S. and Gupta, N. and Guyser, R. and Haan, T. de and Halverson, N. W. and Harke-Hosemann, A. H. and Harrington, N. L. and Henning, J. W. and Hilton, G. C. and Hivon, E. and Holder, G. P. and Holzapfel, W. L. and Hood, J. C. and Howe, D. and Hrubes, J. D. and Huang, N. and Hubmayr, J. and Irwin, K. D. and Jeong, O. B. and Jonas, M. and Jones, A. and Khaire, T. S. and Knox, L. and Kofman, A. M. and Korman, M. and Kubik, D. L. and Kuhlmann, S. and Kuo, C.-L. and Lee, A. T. and Leitch, E. M. and Li, D. and Lowitz, A. and Lu, C. and Marrone, D. P. and McMahon, J. J. and Meyer, S. S. and Michalik, D. and Millea, M. and Mocanu, L. M. and Montgomery, J. and Moran, C. Corbett and Nadolski, A. and Natoli, T. and Nguyen, H. and Nibarger, J. P. and Noble, G. and Novosad, V. and Omori, Y. and Padin, S. and Pan, Z. and Paschos, P. and Patil, S. and Pearson, J. and Phadke, K. A. and Posada, C. M. and Prabhu, K. and Pryke, C. and Quan, W. and Rahlin, A. and Reichardt, C. L. and Riebel, D. and Riedel, B. and Rouble, M. and Ruhl, J. E. and Saliwanchik, B. R. and Sayre, J. T. and Schaffer, K. K. and Schiappucci, E. and Shirokoff, E. and Sievers, C. and Smecher, G. and Sobrin, J. A. and Springmann, A. and Stark, A. A. and Stephen, J. and Story, K. T. and Suzuki, A. and Tandoi, C. and Thompson, K. L. and Thorne, B. and Tucker, C. and Umilta, C. and Vale, L. R. and Veach, T. and Vieira, J. D. and Wang, G. and Whitehorn, N. and Wu, W. L. K. and Yefremenko, V. and Yoon, K. W. and Young, M. R. (2022) Asteroid Measurements at Millimeter Wavelengths with the South Pole Telescope. Astrophysical Journal, 936 (2). p. 173. ISSN 0004-637X. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac89ec. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20220922-931611600.14 <https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20220922-931611600.14>
op_doi https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac89ec
container_title The Astrophysical Journal
container_volume 936
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container_start_page 173
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spelling ftcaltechauth:oai:authors.library.caltech.edu:117116 2023-05-15T18:22:10+02:00 Asteroid Measurements at Millimeter Wavelengths with the South Pole Telescope Chichura, P. M. Foster, A. Patel, C. Ossa-Jaen, N. Ade, P. A. R. Ahmed, Z. Anderson, A. J. Archipley, M. Austermann, J. E. Avva, J. S. Balkenhol, L. Barry, P. S. Thakur, R. Basu Beall, J. A. Benabed, K. Bender, A. N. Benson, B. A. Bianchini, F. Bleem, L. E. Bouchet, F. R. Bryant, L. Byrum, K. Carlstrom, J. E. Carter, F. W. Cecil, T. W. Chang, C. L. Chaubal, P. Chen, G. Chiang, H. C. Cho, H.-M. Chou, T-L. Citron, R. Cliche, J.-F. Crawford, T. M. Crites, A. T. Cukierman, A. Daley, C. M. Denison, E. V. Dibert, K. Ding, J. Dobbs, M. A. Dutcher, D. Everett, W. Feng, C. Ferguson, K. R. Fu, J. Galli, S. Gallicchio, J. Gambrel, A. E. Gardner, R. W. 2022-09-01 https://authors.library.caltech.edu/117116/ https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20220922-931611600.14 unknown American Astronomical Society Chichura, P. M. and Foster, A. and Patel, C. and Ossa-Jaen, N. and Ade, P. A. R. and Ahmed, Z. and Anderson, A. J. and Archipley, M. and Austermann, J. E. and Avva, J. S. and Balkenhol, L. and Barry, P. S. and Thakur, R. Basu and Beall, J. A. and Benabed, K. and Bender, A. N. and Benson, B. A. and Bianchini, F. and Bleem, L. E. and Bouchet, F. R. and Bryant, L. and Byrum, K. and Carlstrom, J. E. and Carter, F. W. and Cecil, T. W. and Chang, C. L. and Chaubal, P. and Chen, G. and Chiang, H. C. and Cho, H.-M. and Chou, T-L. and Citron, R. and Cliche, J.-F. and Crawford, T. M. and Crites, A. T. and Cukierman, A. and Daley, C. M. and Denison, E. V. and Dibert, K. and Ding, J. and Dobbs, M. A. and Dutcher, D. and Everett, W. and Feng, C. and Ferguson, K. R. and Fu, J. and Galli, S. and Gallicchio, J. and Gambrel, A. E. and Gardner, R. W. and George, E. M. and Goeckner-Wald, N. and Gualtieri, R. and Guns, S. and Gupta, N. and Guyser, R. and Haan, T. de and Halverson, N. W. and Harke-Hosemann, A. H. and Harrington, N. L. and Henning, J. W. and Hilton, G. C. and Hivon, E. and Holder, G. P. and Holzapfel, W. L. and Hood, J. C. and Howe, D. and Hrubes, J. D. and Huang, N. and Hubmayr, J. and Irwin, K. D. and Jeong, O. B. and Jonas, M. and Jones, A. and Khaire, T. S. and Knox, L. and Kofman, A. M. and Korman, M. and Kubik, D. L. and Kuhlmann, S. and Kuo, C.-L. and Lee, A. T. and Leitch, E. M. and Li, D. and Lowitz, A. and Lu, C. and Marrone, D. P. and McMahon, J. J. and Meyer, S. S. and Michalik, D. and Millea, M. and Mocanu, L. M. and Montgomery, J. and Moran, C. Corbett and Nadolski, A. and Natoli, T. and Nguyen, H. and Nibarger, J. P. and Noble, G. and Novosad, V. and Omori, Y. and Padin, S. and Pan, Z. and Paschos, P. and Patil, S. and Pearson, J. and Phadke, K. A. and Posada, C. M. and Prabhu, K. and Pryke, C. and Quan, W. and Rahlin, A. and Reichardt, C. L. and Riebel, D. and Riedel, B. and Rouble, M. and Ruhl, J. E. and Saliwanchik, B. R. and Sayre, J. T. and Schaffer, K. K. and Schiappucci, E. and Shirokoff, E. and Sievers, C. and Smecher, G. and Sobrin, J. A. and Springmann, A. and Stark, A. A. and Stephen, J. and Story, K. T. and Suzuki, A. and Tandoi, C. and Thompson, K. L. and Thorne, B. and Tucker, C. and Umilta, C. and Vale, L. R. and Veach, T. and Vieira, J. D. and Wang, G. and Whitehorn, N. and Wu, W. L. K. and Yefremenko, V. and Yoon, K. W. and Young, M. R. (2022) Asteroid Measurements at Millimeter Wavelengths with the South Pole Telescope. Astrophysical Journal, 936 (2). p. 173. ISSN 0004-637X. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac89ec. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20220922-931611600.14 <https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20220922-931611600.14> Article PeerReviewed 2022 ftcaltechauth https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac89ec 2022-09-29T17:56:39Z We present the first measurements of asteroids in millimeter wavelength data from the South Pole Telescope (SPT), which is used primarily to study the cosmic microwave background (CMB). We analyze maps of two ∼270 deg² sky regions near the ecliptic plane, each observed with the SPTpol camera ∼100 times over 1 month. We subtract the mean of all maps of a given field, removing static sky signal, and then average the mean-subtracted maps at known asteroid locations. We detect three asteroids -- (324) Bamberga, (13) Egeria, and (22) Kalliope -- with signal-to-noise ratios (S/N) of 11.2, 10.4, and 6.1, respectively, at 2.0 mm (150 GHz); we also detect (324) Bamberga with an S/N of 4.1 at 3.2 mm (95 GHz). We place constraints on these asteroids' effective emissivities, brightness temperatures, and light-curve modulation amplitude. Our flux density measurements of (324) Bamberga and (13) Egeria roughly agree with predictions, while our measurements of (22) Kalliope suggest lower flux, corresponding to effective emissivities of 0.64 ± 0.11 at 2.0 and < 0.47 at 3.2 mm. We predict the asteroids detectable in other SPT data sets and find good agreement with detections of (772) Tanete and (1093) Freda in recent data from the SPT-3G camera, which has ∼10× the mapping speed of SPTpol. This work is the first focused analysis of asteroids in data from CMB surveys, and it demonstrates we can repurpose historic and future data sets for asteroid studies. Future SPT measurements can help constrain the distribution of surface properties over a larger asteroid population. Article in Journal/Newspaper South pole Caltech Authors (California Institute of Technology) South Pole The Astrophysical Journal 936 2 173

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