The Daily-Resolved Southern Ocean Mixed Layer: Regional Contrasts Assessed Using Glider Observations
Water mass transformation in the Southern Ocean is vital for driving the large-scale overturning circulation, which transports heat from the surface to the ocean interior. Using profiling gliders, this study investigates the role of summertime buoyancy forcing and wind-driven processes on the intras...
Published in: | Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
American Geophysical Union
2022
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://authors.library.caltech.edu/114079/ https://authors.library.caltech.edu/114079/2/JGR%20Oceans%20-%202022%20-%20Plessis%20-%20The%20Daily%E2%80%90Resolved%20Southern%20Ocean%20Mixed%20Layer%20%20Regional%20Contrasts%20Assessed%20Using%20Glider.pdf https://authors.library.caltech.edu/114079/3/2021jc017760-sup-0001-supporting%20information%20si-s01.pdf https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20220325-172915787 |
id |
ftcaltechauth:oai:authors.library.caltech.edu:114079 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftcaltechauth:oai:authors.library.caltech.edu:114079 2023-05-15T18:17:59+02:00 The Daily-Resolved Southern Ocean Mixed Layer: Regional Contrasts Assessed Using Glider Observations du Plessis, M. D. Swart, S. Biddle, L. C. Giddy, I. S. Monteiro, P. M. S. Reason, C. J. C. Thompson, A. F. Nicholson, S.-A. 2022-04 application/pdf https://authors.library.caltech.edu/114079/ https://authors.library.caltech.edu/114079/2/JGR%20Oceans%20-%202022%20-%20Plessis%20-%20The%20Daily%E2%80%90Resolved%20Southern%20Ocean%20Mixed%20Layer%20%20Regional%20Contrasts%20Assessed%20Using%20Glider.pdf https://authors.library.caltech.edu/114079/3/2021jc017760-sup-0001-supporting%20information%20si-s01.pdf https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20220325-172915787 en eng American Geophysical Union https://authors.library.caltech.edu/114079/2/JGR%20Oceans%20-%202022%20-%20Plessis%20-%20The%20Daily%E2%80%90Resolved%20Southern%20Ocean%20Mixed%20Layer%20%20Regional%20Contrasts%20Assessed%20Using%20Glider.pdf https://authors.library.caltech.edu/114079/3/2021jc017760-sup-0001-supporting%20information%20si-s01.pdf du Plessis, M. D. and Swart, S. and Biddle, L. C. and Giddy, I. S. and Monteiro, P. M. S. and Reason, C. J. C. and Thompson, A. F. and Nicholson, S.-A. (2022) The Daily-Resolved Southern Ocean Mixed Layer: Regional Contrasts Assessed Using Glider Observations. Journal of Geophysical Research. Oceans, 127 (4). Art. No. e2021JC017760. ISSN 2169-9275. doi:10.1029/2021jc017760. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20220325-172915787 <https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20220325-172915787> cc_by_nc CC-BY-NC Article PeerReviewed 2022 ftcaltechauth https://doi.org/10.1029/2021jc017760 2022-07-07T17:53:24Z Water mass transformation in the Southern Ocean is vital for driving the large-scale overturning circulation, which transports heat from the surface to the ocean interior. Using profiling gliders, this study investigates the role of summertime buoyancy forcing and wind-driven processes on the intraseasonal (1–10 days) mixed layer thermohaline variability in three Southern Ocean regions southwest of Africa important for water mass transformation—the Subantarctic Zone (SAZ), Polar Frontal Zone (PFZ), and Marginal Ice Zone (MIZ). At intraseasonal time scales, heat flux was shown as the main driver of buoyancy gain in all regions. In the SAZ and MIZ, shallow mixed layers and strong stratification enhanced mixed layer buoyancy gain by trapping incoming heat, while buoyancy loss resulted primarily from the entrainment of cold, salty water from below. In the PFZ, rapid mixing linked to Southern Ocean storms set persistently deep mixed layers and suppressed mixed layer intraseasonal thermohaline variability. In the polar regions, lateral stirring of meltwater from seasonal sea-ice melt dominated daily mixed layer salinity variability. We propose that these meltwater fronts are advected to the PFZ during late summer, indicating the potential for seasonal sea-ice freshwater to impact a region where the upwelling limb of overturning circulation reaches the surface. This study reveals a regional dependence of how the mixed layer thermohaline properties respond to small spatiotemporal processes, emphasizing the importance of surface forcing occurring between 1 and 10 days on the mixed layer water mass transformation in the Southern Ocean. Article in Journal/Newspaper Sea ice Southern Ocean Caltech Authors (California Institute of Technology) Southern Ocean Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 127 4 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Caltech Authors (California Institute of Technology) |
op_collection_id |
ftcaltechauth |
language |
English |
description |
Water mass transformation in the Southern Ocean is vital for driving the large-scale overturning circulation, which transports heat from the surface to the ocean interior. Using profiling gliders, this study investigates the role of summertime buoyancy forcing and wind-driven processes on the intraseasonal (1–10 days) mixed layer thermohaline variability in three Southern Ocean regions southwest of Africa important for water mass transformation—the Subantarctic Zone (SAZ), Polar Frontal Zone (PFZ), and Marginal Ice Zone (MIZ). At intraseasonal time scales, heat flux was shown as the main driver of buoyancy gain in all regions. In the SAZ and MIZ, shallow mixed layers and strong stratification enhanced mixed layer buoyancy gain by trapping incoming heat, while buoyancy loss resulted primarily from the entrainment of cold, salty water from below. In the PFZ, rapid mixing linked to Southern Ocean storms set persistently deep mixed layers and suppressed mixed layer intraseasonal thermohaline variability. In the polar regions, lateral stirring of meltwater from seasonal sea-ice melt dominated daily mixed layer salinity variability. We propose that these meltwater fronts are advected to the PFZ during late summer, indicating the potential for seasonal sea-ice freshwater to impact a region where the upwelling limb of overturning circulation reaches the surface. This study reveals a regional dependence of how the mixed layer thermohaline properties respond to small spatiotemporal processes, emphasizing the importance of surface forcing occurring between 1 and 10 days on the mixed layer water mass transformation in the Southern Ocean. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
du Plessis, M. D. Swart, S. Biddle, L. C. Giddy, I. S. Monteiro, P. M. S. Reason, C. J. C. Thompson, A. F. Nicholson, S.-A. |
spellingShingle |
du Plessis, M. D. Swart, S. Biddle, L. C. Giddy, I. S. Monteiro, P. M. S. Reason, C. J. C. Thompson, A. F. Nicholson, S.-A. The Daily-Resolved Southern Ocean Mixed Layer: Regional Contrasts Assessed Using Glider Observations |
author_facet |
du Plessis, M. D. Swart, S. Biddle, L. C. Giddy, I. S. Monteiro, P. M. S. Reason, C. J. C. Thompson, A. F. Nicholson, S.-A. |
author_sort |
du Plessis, M. D. |
title |
The Daily-Resolved Southern Ocean Mixed Layer: Regional Contrasts Assessed Using Glider Observations |
title_short |
The Daily-Resolved Southern Ocean Mixed Layer: Regional Contrasts Assessed Using Glider Observations |
title_full |
The Daily-Resolved Southern Ocean Mixed Layer: Regional Contrasts Assessed Using Glider Observations |
title_fullStr |
The Daily-Resolved Southern Ocean Mixed Layer: Regional Contrasts Assessed Using Glider Observations |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Daily-Resolved Southern Ocean Mixed Layer: Regional Contrasts Assessed Using Glider Observations |
title_sort |
daily-resolved southern ocean mixed layer: regional contrasts assessed using glider observations |
publisher |
American Geophysical Union |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://authors.library.caltech.edu/114079/ https://authors.library.caltech.edu/114079/2/JGR%20Oceans%20-%202022%20-%20Plessis%20-%20The%20Daily%E2%80%90Resolved%20Southern%20Ocean%20Mixed%20Layer%20%20Regional%20Contrasts%20Assessed%20Using%20Glider.pdf https://authors.library.caltech.edu/114079/3/2021jc017760-sup-0001-supporting%20information%20si-s01.pdf https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20220325-172915787 |
geographic |
Southern Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Southern Ocean |
genre |
Sea ice Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Sea ice Southern Ocean |
op_relation |
https://authors.library.caltech.edu/114079/2/JGR%20Oceans%20-%202022%20-%20Plessis%20-%20The%20Daily%E2%80%90Resolved%20Southern%20Ocean%20Mixed%20Layer%20%20Regional%20Contrasts%20Assessed%20Using%20Glider.pdf https://authors.library.caltech.edu/114079/3/2021jc017760-sup-0001-supporting%20information%20si-s01.pdf du Plessis, M. D. and Swart, S. and Biddle, L. C. and Giddy, I. S. and Monteiro, P. M. S. and Reason, C. J. C. and Thompson, A. F. and Nicholson, S.-A. (2022) The Daily-Resolved Southern Ocean Mixed Layer: Regional Contrasts Assessed Using Glider Observations. Journal of Geophysical Research. Oceans, 127 (4). Art. No. e2021JC017760. ISSN 2169-9275. doi:10.1029/2021jc017760. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20220325-172915787 <https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20220325-172915787> |
op_rights |
cc_by_nc |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY-NC |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1029/2021jc017760 |
container_title |
Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans |
container_volume |
127 |
container_issue |
4 |
_version_ |
1766193846643851264 |