Duelling narratives of chironomids and pollen explain climate enigmas during The Last Glacial-Interglacial transition in North Island New Zealand
The Last Glacial-Interglacial Transition (LGIT) was a dynamic stage of Earth's history, and the difficulty of reconstructing this complex interval may be compounded by divergent proxy records, often collected from the same archive. To overcome this obstacle, we exploit the contrasting biologica...
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ftcaltechauth:oai:authors.library.caltech.edu:109419 2023-05-15T13:36:58+02:00 Duelling narratives of chironomids and pollen explain climate enigmas during The Last Glacial-Interglacial transition in North Island New Zealand Rees, Andrew B. H. Holt, Katherine A. Hinojosa, Jessica L. Newnham, Rewi M. Eaves, Shaun Vandergoes, Marcus J. Sessions, Alex L. Wilmshurst, Janet M. 2021-07-01 https://authors.library.caltech.edu/109419/ https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210607-115054814 unknown Elsevier Rees, Andrew B. H. and Holt, Katherine A. and Hinojosa, Jessica L. and Newnham, Rewi M. and Eaves, Shaun and Vandergoes, Marcus J. and Sessions, Alex L. and Wilmshurst, Janet M. (2021) Duelling narratives of chironomids and pollen explain climate enigmas during The Last Glacial-Interglacial transition in North Island New Zealand. Quaternary Science Reviews, 263 . Art. No. 106997. ISSN 0277-3791. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2021.106997. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210607-115054814 <https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210607-115054814> Article PeerReviewed 2021 ftcaltechauth https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2021.106997 2021-11-18T19:04:41Z The Last Glacial-Interglacial Transition (LGIT) was a dynamic stage of Earth's history, and the difficulty of reconstructing this complex interval may be compounded by divergent proxy records, often collected from the same archive. To overcome this obstacle, we exploit the contrasting biological preferences of chironomids to both summer temperature and degree days (positive) and pollen to both the length of the growing season (positive) and winter duration (negative), recorded by a small lake in the central North Island of New Zealand. The climate proxy records are anchored to shifting zonal boundaries (e.g., southern westerly wind belt) via the hydrogen isotope ratios of leaf wax n-alkanes (δD_(wax)). These results enable us to interrogate the structure of the LGIT and address two fundamental questions: 1) Is there evidence for Holocene-like temperatures during the early deglacial? and 2) Were early Holocene summers cool? Lake sediment δD_(wax) values indicate a poleward retreat of the westerlies around 18,000 calibrated years before present (cal kyr BP), signalling the onset of climate amelioration for the region. Remarkably, the independently derived summer and mean annual temperature reconstructions are anti-phased. Chironomid-inferred summer temperatures surpass modern values by 17.5 cal kyr BP, whereas pollen-inferred mean annual temperatures remain supressed. Summers cool from 17.5 to 11 cal kyr BP, when they reach a minimum for the record, while winter and mean annual temperatures simultaneously warm to a maximum. The chironomid record generally traces regional insolation, although an Antarctic template imprints on this trend with declining summer temperatures during the Antarctic Cold Reversal (ACR) and warming during the Younger Dryas (YD). Forest development during the early LGIT, on the other hand, is supressed by cool, dry winters, punctuated by severe frosts, despite being set against a backdrop of overall warming; the successional pattern is best explained by a latitudinal retreat of the westerlies. Our findings underscore the complementarity of multiple bioproxy responses and reveal the importance of seasonal heat and energy distribution during the LGIT. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Caltech Authors (California Institute of Technology) Antarctic New Zealand The Antarctic Quaternary Science Reviews 263 106997 |
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Caltech Authors (California Institute of Technology) |
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description |
The Last Glacial-Interglacial Transition (LGIT) was a dynamic stage of Earth's history, and the difficulty of reconstructing this complex interval may be compounded by divergent proxy records, often collected from the same archive. To overcome this obstacle, we exploit the contrasting biological preferences of chironomids to both summer temperature and degree days (positive) and pollen to both the length of the growing season (positive) and winter duration (negative), recorded by a small lake in the central North Island of New Zealand. The climate proxy records are anchored to shifting zonal boundaries (e.g., southern westerly wind belt) via the hydrogen isotope ratios of leaf wax n-alkanes (δD_(wax)). These results enable us to interrogate the structure of the LGIT and address two fundamental questions: 1) Is there evidence for Holocene-like temperatures during the early deglacial? and 2) Were early Holocene summers cool? Lake sediment δD_(wax) values indicate a poleward retreat of the westerlies around 18,000 calibrated years before present (cal kyr BP), signalling the onset of climate amelioration for the region. Remarkably, the independently derived summer and mean annual temperature reconstructions are anti-phased. Chironomid-inferred summer temperatures surpass modern values by 17.5 cal kyr BP, whereas pollen-inferred mean annual temperatures remain supressed. Summers cool from 17.5 to 11 cal kyr BP, when they reach a minimum for the record, while winter and mean annual temperatures simultaneously warm to a maximum. The chironomid record generally traces regional insolation, although an Antarctic template imprints on this trend with declining summer temperatures during the Antarctic Cold Reversal (ACR) and warming during the Younger Dryas (YD). Forest development during the early LGIT, on the other hand, is supressed by cool, dry winters, punctuated by severe frosts, despite being set against a backdrop of overall warming; the successional pattern is best explained by a latitudinal retreat of the westerlies. Our findings underscore the complementarity of multiple bioproxy responses and reveal the importance of seasonal heat and energy distribution during the LGIT. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Rees, Andrew B. H. Holt, Katherine A. Hinojosa, Jessica L. Newnham, Rewi M. Eaves, Shaun Vandergoes, Marcus J. Sessions, Alex L. Wilmshurst, Janet M. |
spellingShingle |
Rees, Andrew B. H. Holt, Katherine A. Hinojosa, Jessica L. Newnham, Rewi M. Eaves, Shaun Vandergoes, Marcus J. Sessions, Alex L. Wilmshurst, Janet M. Duelling narratives of chironomids and pollen explain climate enigmas during The Last Glacial-Interglacial transition in North Island New Zealand |
author_facet |
Rees, Andrew B. H. Holt, Katherine A. Hinojosa, Jessica L. Newnham, Rewi M. Eaves, Shaun Vandergoes, Marcus J. Sessions, Alex L. Wilmshurst, Janet M. |
author_sort |
Rees, Andrew B. H. |
title |
Duelling narratives of chironomids and pollen explain climate enigmas during The Last Glacial-Interglacial transition in North Island New Zealand |
title_short |
Duelling narratives of chironomids and pollen explain climate enigmas during The Last Glacial-Interglacial transition in North Island New Zealand |
title_full |
Duelling narratives of chironomids and pollen explain climate enigmas during The Last Glacial-Interglacial transition in North Island New Zealand |
title_fullStr |
Duelling narratives of chironomids and pollen explain climate enigmas during The Last Glacial-Interglacial transition in North Island New Zealand |
title_full_unstemmed |
Duelling narratives of chironomids and pollen explain climate enigmas during The Last Glacial-Interglacial transition in North Island New Zealand |
title_sort |
duelling narratives of chironomids and pollen explain climate enigmas during the last glacial-interglacial transition in north island new zealand |
publisher |
Elsevier |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://authors.library.caltech.edu/109419/ https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210607-115054814 |
geographic |
Antarctic New Zealand The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic New Zealand The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic |
op_relation |
Rees, Andrew B. H. and Holt, Katherine A. and Hinojosa, Jessica L. and Newnham, Rewi M. and Eaves, Shaun and Vandergoes, Marcus J. and Sessions, Alex L. and Wilmshurst, Janet M. (2021) Duelling narratives of chironomids and pollen explain climate enigmas during The Last Glacial-Interglacial transition in North Island New Zealand. Quaternary Science Reviews, 263 . Art. No. 106997. ISSN 0277-3791. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2021.106997. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210607-115054814 <https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210607-115054814> |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2021.106997 |
container_title |
Quaternary Science Reviews |
container_volume |
263 |
container_start_page |
106997 |
_version_ |
1766086260043022336 |