Distinguishing solid bitumens formed by thermochemical sulfate reduction and thermal chemical alteration
Insoluble solid bitumens are organic residues that can form by the thermal chemical alteration (TCA) or thermochemical sulfate reduction (TSR) of migrated petroleum. TCA may actually encompass several low temperature processes, such as biodegradation and asphaltene precipitation, followed by thermal...
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ftcaltechauth:oai:authors.library.caltech.edu:0wbqk-tz225 2024-06-23T07:51:51+00:00 Distinguishing solid bitumens formed by thermochemical sulfate reduction and thermal chemical alteration Kelemen, Simon R. Walters, Clifford C. Kwiatek, Peter J. Afeworki, Mobae Sansone, Michael Freund, Howard Pottorf, Robert J. Machel, Hans G. Zhang, Tongwei Ellis, Gregory S. Tang, Yongchun Peters, Kenneth E. 2008-08 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2008.04.007 unknown Elsevier https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2008.04.007 oai:authors.library.caltech.edu:0wbqk-tz225 eprintid:11755 resolverid:CaltechAUTHORS:KELog08 info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess Other Organic Geochemistry, 39(8), 1137-1143, (2008-08) info:eu-repo/semantics/article 2008 ftcaltechauth https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2008.04.007 2024-06-12T06:12:34Z Insoluble solid bitumens are organic residues that can form by the thermal chemical alteration (TCA) or thermochemical sulfate reduction (TSR) of migrated petroleum. TCA may actually encompass several low temperature processes, such as biodegradation and asphaltene precipitation, followed by thermal alteration. TSR is an abiotic redox reaction where petroleum is oxidized by sulfate. It is difficult to distinguish solid bitumens associated with TCA of petroleum from those associated with TSR when both processes occur at relatively high temperature. The focus of the present work was to characterize solid bitumen samples associated with TCA or TSR using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). XPS is a surface analysis conducted on either isolated or in situ (>25 μm diameter) solid bitumen that can provide the relative abundance and chemical speciation of carbon, organic and inorganic heteroatoms (NSO). In this study, naturally occurring solid bitumens from three locations, Nisku Fm. Brazeau River area (TSR-related), LaBarge Field Madison Fm. (TSR-related), and the Alaskan Brooks range (TCA-related), are compared to organic solids generated during laboratory simulation of the TSR and TCA processes. The abundance and chemical nature of organic nitrogen and sulfur in solid bitumens can be understood in terms of the nature of (1) petroleum precursor molecules, (2) the concentration of nitrogen by way of thermal stress and (3) the mode of sulfur incorporation. TCA solid bitumens originate from polar materials that are initially rich in sulfur and nitrogen. Aromaticity and nitrogen increase as thermal stress cleaves aliphatic moieties and condensation reactions take place. Organic sulfur in TCA organic solids remains fairly constant with increasing maturation (<3.4 sulfurs per 100 carbons) due to offsetting preservation and H2S elimination reactions. In contrast, TSR solid bitumens are sulfur rich and nitrogen poor solids. These heteroatom distributions are attributed to the ability of TSR to incorporate copious ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Brooks Range Caltech Authors (California Institute of Technology) Organic Geochemistry 39 8 1137 1143 |
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description |
Insoluble solid bitumens are organic residues that can form by the thermal chemical alteration (TCA) or thermochemical sulfate reduction (TSR) of migrated petroleum. TCA may actually encompass several low temperature processes, such as biodegradation and asphaltene precipitation, followed by thermal alteration. TSR is an abiotic redox reaction where petroleum is oxidized by sulfate. It is difficult to distinguish solid bitumens associated with TCA of petroleum from those associated with TSR when both processes occur at relatively high temperature. The focus of the present work was to characterize solid bitumen samples associated with TCA or TSR using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). XPS is a surface analysis conducted on either isolated or in situ (>25 μm diameter) solid bitumen that can provide the relative abundance and chemical speciation of carbon, organic and inorganic heteroatoms (NSO). In this study, naturally occurring solid bitumens from three locations, Nisku Fm. Brazeau River area (TSR-related), LaBarge Field Madison Fm. (TSR-related), and the Alaskan Brooks range (TCA-related), are compared to organic solids generated during laboratory simulation of the TSR and TCA processes. The abundance and chemical nature of organic nitrogen and sulfur in solid bitumens can be understood in terms of the nature of (1) petroleum precursor molecules, (2) the concentration of nitrogen by way of thermal stress and (3) the mode of sulfur incorporation. TCA solid bitumens originate from polar materials that are initially rich in sulfur and nitrogen. Aromaticity and nitrogen increase as thermal stress cleaves aliphatic moieties and condensation reactions take place. Organic sulfur in TCA organic solids remains fairly constant with increasing maturation (<3.4 sulfurs per 100 carbons) due to offsetting preservation and H2S elimination reactions. In contrast, TSR solid bitumens are sulfur rich and nitrogen poor solids. These heteroatom distributions are attributed to the ability of TSR to incorporate copious ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Kelemen, Simon R. Walters, Clifford C. Kwiatek, Peter J. Afeworki, Mobae Sansone, Michael Freund, Howard Pottorf, Robert J. Machel, Hans G. Zhang, Tongwei Ellis, Gregory S. Tang, Yongchun Peters, Kenneth E. |
spellingShingle |
Kelemen, Simon R. Walters, Clifford C. Kwiatek, Peter J. Afeworki, Mobae Sansone, Michael Freund, Howard Pottorf, Robert J. Machel, Hans G. Zhang, Tongwei Ellis, Gregory S. Tang, Yongchun Peters, Kenneth E. Distinguishing solid bitumens formed by thermochemical sulfate reduction and thermal chemical alteration |
author_facet |
Kelemen, Simon R. Walters, Clifford C. Kwiatek, Peter J. Afeworki, Mobae Sansone, Michael Freund, Howard Pottorf, Robert J. Machel, Hans G. Zhang, Tongwei Ellis, Gregory S. Tang, Yongchun Peters, Kenneth E. |
author_sort |
Kelemen, Simon R. |
title |
Distinguishing solid bitumens formed by thermochemical sulfate reduction and thermal chemical alteration |
title_short |
Distinguishing solid bitumens formed by thermochemical sulfate reduction and thermal chemical alteration |
title_full |
Distinguishing solid bitumens formed by thermochemical sulfate reduction and thermal chemical alteration |
title_fullStr |
Distinguishing solid bitumens formed by thermochemical sulfate reduction and thermal chemical alteration |
title_full_unstemmed |
Distinguishing solid bitumens formed by thermochemical sulfate reduction and thermal chemical alteration |
title_sort |
distinguishing solid bitumens formed by thermochemical sulfate reduction and thermal chemical alteration |
publisher |
Elsevier |
publishDate |
2008 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2008.04.007 |
genre |
Brooks Range |
genre_facet |
Brooks Range |
op_source |
Organic Geochemistry, 39(8), 1137-1143, (2008-08) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2008.04.007 oai:authors.library.caltech.edu:0wbqk-tz225 eprintid:11755 resolverid:CaltechAUTHORS:KELog08 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess Other |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2008.04.007 |
container_title |
Organic Geochemistry |
container_volume |
39 |
container_issue |
8 |
container_start_page |
1137 |
op_container_end_page |
1143 |
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1802643000605540352 |