A 350-year atmospheric history for carbonyl sulfide inferred from Antarctic firn air and air trapped in ice
Carbonyl sulfide (COS) and other trace gases were measured in firn air collected near South Pole (89.98°S) and from air trapped in ice at Siple Dome, Antarctica (81.65°S). The results, when considered with ambient air data and previous ice core measurements, provide further evidence that atmospheric...
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ftbowdoincollege:oai:digitalcommons.bowdoin.edu:physics-faculty-publications-1017 2023-12-17T10:19:14+01:00 A 350-year atmospheric history for carbonyl sulfide inferred from Antarctic firn air and air trapped in ice Montzka, Stephen A. Aydin, M. Battle, M. Butler, J. H. Saltzman, E. S. Hall, B. D. Clarke, A. D. Mondeel, D. Elkins, J. W. 2004-11-27T08:00:00Z application/pdf https://digitalcommons.bowdoin.edu/physics-faculty-publications/18 https://digitalcommons.bowdoin.edu/context/physics-faculty-publications/article/1017/viewcontent/Montzka_350_2004.pdf unknown Bowdoin Digital Commons https://digitalcommons.bowdoin.edu/physics-faculty-publications/18 https://digitalcommons.bowdoin.edu/context/physics-faculty-publications/article/1017/viewcontent/Montzka_350_2004.pdf Physics Faculty Publications Atmosphere composition Carbonyl sulfide Stratosphere sulfate aerosol text 2004 ftbowdoincollege 2023-11-19T17:22:30Z Carbonyl sulfide (COS) and other trace gases were measured in firn air collected near South Pole (89.98°S) and from air trapped in ice at Siple Dome, Antarctica (81.65°S). The results, when considered with ambient air data and previous ice core measurements, provide further evidence that atmospheric mixing ratios of COS over Antarctica between 1650 and 1850 A.D. were substantially lower than those observed today. Specifically, the results suggest annual mean COS mixing ratios between 300 and 400 pmol mol-1 (ppt) during 1650-1850 A.D. and increases throughout most of the twentieth century. Measurements of COS in modern air and in the upper layers of the firn at South Pole indicate ambient, annual mean mixing ratios between 480 and 490 ppt with substantial seasonal variations. Peak mixing ratios are observed during austral summer in ambient air at South Pole and Cape Grim, Tasmania (40.41°S). Provided COS is not produced or destroyed in firn, these results also suggest that atmospheric COS mixing ratios have decreased 60-90 ppt (10-16%) since the 1980s in high latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere. The history derived for atmospheric mixing ratios of COS in the Southern Hemisphere since 1850 is closely related to historical anthropogenic sulfur emissions. The fraction of anthropogenic sulfur emissions released as COS (directly or indirectly) needed to explain the secular changes in atmospheric COS over this period is 0.3-0.6%. Copyright 2004 by the American Geophysical Union. Text Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica ice core South pole South pole Bowdoin College: Bowdoin Digital Commons Antarctic Austral Grim ENVELOPE(-64.486,-64.486,-65.379,-65.379) Siple ENVELOPE(-83.917,-83.917,-75.917,-75.917) Siple Dome ENVELOPE(-148.833,-148.833,-81.667,-81.667) South Pole |
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Open Polar |
collection |
Bowdoin College: Bowdoin Digital Commons |
op_collection_id |
ftbowdoincollege |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Atmosphere composition Carbonyl sulfide Stratosphere sulfate aerosol |
spellingShingle |
Atmosphere composition Carbonyl sulfide Stratosphere sulfate aerosol Montzka, Stephen A. Aydin, M. Battle, M. Butler, J. H. Saltzman, E. S. Hall, B. D. Clarke, A. D. Mondeel, D. Elkins, J. W. A 350-year atmospheric history for carbonyl sulfide inferred from Antarctic firn air and air trapped in ice |
topic_facet |
Atmosphere composition Carbonyl sulfide Stratosphere sulfate aerosol |
description |
Carbonyl sulfide (COS) and other trace gases were measured in firn air collected near South Pole (89.98°S) and from air trapped in ice at Siple Dome, Antarctica (81.65°S). The results, when considered with ambient air data and previous ice core measurements, provide further evidence that atmospheric mixing ratios of COS over Antarctica between 1650 and 1850 A.D. were substantially lower than those observed today. Specifically, the results suggest annual mean COS mixing ratios between 300 and 400 pmol mol-1 (ppt) during 1650-1850 A.D. and increases throughout most of the twentieth century. Measurements of COS in modern air and in the upper layers of the firn at South Pole indicate ambient, annual mean mixing ratios between 480 and 490 ppt with substantial seasonal variations. Peak mixing ratios are observed during austral summer in ambient air at South Pole and Cape Grim, Tasmania (40.41°S). Provided COS is not produced or destroyed in firn, these results also suggest that atmospheric COS mixing ratios have decreased 60-90 ppt (10-16%) since the 1980s in high latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere. The history derived for atmospheric mixing ratios of COS in the Southern Hemisphere since 1850 is closely related to historical anthropogenic sulfur emissions. The fraction of anthropogenic sulfur emissions released as COS (directly or indirectly) needed to explain the secular changes in atmospheric COS over this period is 0.3-0.6%. Copyright 2004 by the American Geophysical Union. |
format |
Text |
author |
Montzka, Stephen A. Aydin, M. Battle, M. Butler, J. H. Saltzman, E. S. Hall, B. D. Clarke, A. D. Mondeel, D. Elkins, J. W. |
author_facet |
Montzka, Stephen A. Aydin, M. Battle, M. Butler, J. H. Saltzman, E. S. Hall, B. D. Clarke, A. D. Mondeel, D. Elkins, J. W. |
author_sort |
Montzka, Stephen A. |
title |
A 350-year atmospheric history for carbonyl sulfide inferred from Antarctic firn air and air trapped in ice |
title_short |
A 350-year atmospheric history for carbonyl sulfide inferred from Antarctic firn air and air trapped in ice |
title_full |
A 350-year atmospheric history for carbonyl sulfide inferred from Antarctic firn air and air trapped in ice |
title_fullStr |
A 350-year atmospheric history for carbonyl sulfide inferred from Antarctic firn air and air trapped in ice |
title_full_unstemmed |
A 350-year atmospheric history for carbonyl sulfide inferred from Antarctic firn air and air trapped in ice |
title_sort |
350-year atmospheric history for carbonyl sulfide inferred from antarctic firn air and air trapped in ice |
publisher |
Bowdoin Digital Commons |
publishDate |
2004 |
url |
https://digitalcommons.bowdoin.edu/physics-faculty-publications/18 https://digitalcommons.bowdoin.edu/context/physics-faculty-publications/article/1017/viewcontent/Montzka_350_2004.pdf |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-64.486,-64.486,-65.379,-65.379) ENVELOPE(-83.917,-83.917,-75.917,-75.917) ENVELOPE(-148.833,-148.833,-81.667,-81.667) |
geographic |
Antarctic Austral Grim Siple Siple Dome South Pole |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Austral Grim Siple Siple Dome South Pole |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica ice core South pole South pole |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica ice core South pole South pole |
op_source |
Physics Faculty Publications |
op_relation |
https://digitalcommons.bowdoin.edu/physics-faculty-publications/18 https://digitalcommons.bowdoin.edu/context/physics-faculty-publications/article/1017/viewcontent/Montzka_350_2004.pdf |
_version_ |
1785581971535036416 |