Learning from Chemical Coping Behaviors of Wildlife to Discover New Approaches for Pest Management
Pests, such as parasites and pathogens, persist throughout time and space as threats to public health and food security. The need for novel and sustainable approaches to managing these threats are in high demand. The current approach of discovering and developing chemical treatments to manage pests...
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ftboisestateu:oai:scholarworks.boisestate.edu:td-2867 2023-10-29T02:40:47+01:00 Learning from Chemical Coping Behaviors of Wildlife to Discover New Approaches for Pest Management Pendleton, Britt 2020-08-01T07:00:00Z application/pdf https://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/td/1733 https://doi.org/10.18122/td/1733/boisestate https://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/context/td/article/2867/viewcontent/Pendleton_Britt_thesis_August_2020.pdf unknown ScholarWorks https://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/td/1733 doi:10.18122/td/1733/boisestate https://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/context/td/article/2867/viewcontent/Pendleton_Britt_thesis_August_2020.pdf Boise State University Theses and Dissertations chemical ecology diversity integrated pest management Golden Eagle Mexican Chicken Bug sagebrush steppe Other Ecology and Evolutionary Biology text 2020 ftboisestateu https://doi.org/10.18122/td/1733/boisestate 2023-09-29T15:21:04Z Pests, such as parasites and pathogens, persist throughout time and space as threats to public health and food security. The need for novel and sustainable approaches to managing these threats are in high demand. The current approach of discovering and developing chemical treatments to manage pests is tedious, not efficient, and often outpaced by traits of resistance in pests. Here, we propose a new approach to discovering new chemical pest management solutions by observing chemical coping behaviors in wildlife. We define a chemical coping behavior as the exploitation of naturally occurring chemicals within a host’s environment to manage pests. Specifically, the use of greenery in nests by avian species may provide clues to plants that can deter ectoparasites. Plants use chemical defenses to cope with their own parasites, pathogens, and herbivores, which avian hosts can exploit to combat pests in nests. A local host-pest-plant interaction was investigated to discover the potential chemical diversity and bioactivity of greenery found in nests of golden eagles (Aquila chrysaetos). We found that each plant offered unique chemicals, but that the plant species underrepresented in nests compared to availability in the landscape provided greater diversity in volatile chemicals whereas overrepresented plant species provided greater diversity in water-soluble chemicals compared to other plants. Furthermore, we tested how concentration and diversity of volatile and water-soluble chemicals in plant species found in nests of golden eagles affected the behavior of a hematophagous parasite (Cimex lectularius, the common bed bug). We found that bed bugs spent less time resting and transitioned from grooming to exploration at an increased frequency with high concentration and diversity of volatiles from plants found in nests of golden eagles. Observing the chemical coping behaviors in the wild could provide a sustainable framework for discovering diverse and robust sources of chemicals and modes of action that can used to ... Text Aquila chrysaetos golden eagle Boise State University: Scholar Works |
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Boise State University: Scholar Works |
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chemical ecology diversity integrated pest management Golden Eagle Mexican Chicken Bug sagebrush steppe Other Ecology and Evolutionary Biology |
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chemical ecology diversity integrated pest management Golden Eagle Mexican Chicken Bug sagebrush steppe Other Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Pendleton, Britt Learning from Chemical Coping Behaviors of Wildlife to Discover New Approaches for Pest Management |
topic_facet |
chemical ecology diversity integrated pest management Golden Eagle Mexican Chicken Bug sagebrush steppe Other Ecology and Evolutionary Biology |
description |
Pests, such as parasites and pathogens, persist throughout time and space as threats to public health and food security. The need for novel and sustainable approaches to managing these threats are in high demand. The current approach of discovering and developing chemical treatments to manage pests is tedious, not efficient, and often outpaced by traits of resistance in pests. Here, we propose a new approach to discovering new chemical pest management solutions by observing chemical coping behaviors in wildlife. We define a chemical coping behavior as the exploitation of naturally occurring chemicals within a host’s environment to manage pests. Specifically, the use of greenery in nests by avian species may provide clues to plants that can deter ectoparasites. Plants use chemical defenses to cope with their own parasites, pathogens, and herbivores, which avian hosts can exploit to combat pests in nests. A local host-pest-plant interaction was investigated to discover the potential chemical diversity and bioactivity of greenery found in nests of golden eagles (Aquila chrysaetos). We found that each plant offered unique chemicals, but that the plant species underrepresented in nests compared to availability in the landscape provided greater diversity in volatile chemicals whereas overrepresented plant species provided greater diversity in water-soluble chemicals compared to other plants. Furthermore, we tested how concentration and diversity of volatile and water-soluble chemicals in plant species found in nests of golden eagles affected the behavior of a hematophagous parasite (Cimex lectularius, the common bed bug). We found that bed bugs spent less time resting and transitioned from grooming to exploration at an increased frequency with high concentration and diversity of volatiles from plants found in nests of golden eagles. Observing the chemical coping behaviors in the wild could provide a sustainable framework for discovering diverse and robust sources of chemicals and modes of action that can used to ... |
format |
Text |
author |
Pendleton, Britt |
author_facet |
Pendleton, Britt |
author_sort |
Pendleton, Britt |
title |
Learning from Chemical Coping Behaviors of Wildlife to Discover New Approaches for Pest Management |
title_short |
Learning from Chemical Coping Behaviors of Wildlife to Discover New Approaches for Pest Management |
title_full |
Learning from Chemical Coping Behaviors of Wildlife to Discover New Approaches for Pest Management |
title_fullStr |
Learning from Chemical Coping Behaviors of Wildlife to Discover New Approaches for Pest Management |
title_full_unstemmed |
Learning from Chemical Coping Behaviors of Wildlife to Discover New Approaches for Pest Management |
title_sort |
learning from chemical coping behaviors of wildlife to discover new approaches for pest management |
publisher |
ScholarWorks |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/td/1733 https://doi.org/10.18122/td/1733/boisestate https://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/context/td/article/2867/viewcontent/Pendleton_Britt_thesis_August_2020.pdf |
genre |
Aquila chrysaetos golden eagle |
genre_facet |
Aquila chrysaetos golden eagle |
op_source |
Boise State University Theses and Dissertations |
op_relation |
https://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/td/1733 doi:10.18122/td/1733/boisestate https://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/context/td/article/2867/viewcontent/Pendleton_Britt_thesis_August_2020.pdf |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.18122/td/1733/boisestate |
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1781069617431576576 |