Crystallisation temperatures of the most Mg-rich magmas of the Karoo LIP on the basis of Al-in-olivine thermometry
Calculating reliable temperatures of Mg-rich magmas is problematic because melt composition and KD(Fe–Mg)ol–liq, the key parameters of many traditional thermometers, are difficult to constrain precisely. The recently developed Al-in-olivine thermometer [Coogan, L.A., Saunders, A.D., Wilson, R.N., 20...
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ftbirkbeckcoll:oai:eprints.bbk.ac.uk.oai2:21351 2023-05-15T13:31:04+02:00 Crystallisation temperatures of the most Mg-rich magmas of the Karoo LIP on the basis of Al-in-olivine thermometry Heinonen, J.S. Jennings, Eleanor S. Riley, T.R. 2015-09-14 text https://eprints.bbk.ac.uk/id/eprint/21351/ https://eprints.bbk.ac.uk/id/eprint/21351/1/21351.pdf https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2015.06.015 en eng Elsevier https://eprints.bbk.ac.uk/id/eprint/21351/1/21351.pdf Heinonen, J.S. and Jennings, Eleanor S. and Riley, T.R. (2015) Crystallisation temperatures of the most Mg-rich magmas of the Karoo LIP on the basis of Al-in-olivine thermometry. Chemical Geology 411 , pp. 26-35. ISSN 0009-2541. Earth and Planetary Sciences Article PeerReviewed 2015 ftbirkbeckcoll https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2015.06.015 2022-01-09T09:02:19Z Calculating reliable temperatures of Mg-rich magmas is problematic because melt composition and KD(Fe–Mg)ol–liq, the key parameters of many traditional thermometers, are difficult to constrain precisely. The recently developed Al-in-olivine thermometer [Coogan, L.A., Saunders, A.D., Wilson, R.N., 2014. Aluminium-in-olivine thermometry of primitive basalts: Evidence of an anomalously hot mantle source for large igneous provinces. Chemical Geology 368, 1–10] circumvents these problems by relying on the temperature-dependent exchange of Al between olivine and spinel crystallising in equilibrium with each other. This thermometer is used to re-evaluate the crystallisation temperatures of most Mg-rich magma type identified from the Karoo large igneous province (LIP), known as the Vestfjella depleted ferropicrite suite. Previous temperature estimates for the suite were based on olivine–melt equilibria and indicated anomalously high crystallisation temperatures in excess of 1600 °C. We also present crystallisation temperatures for another Antarctic Karoo magma type, Group 3 dykes from Ahlmannryggen, which are derived from a pyroxene-rich mantle source. Our high-precision analysis of Al in olivine–spinel pairs indicate crystallisation temperatures from 1391 ± 42 °C to 1481 ± 35 °C for the Vestfjella depleted ferropicrite suite (Fo88–92) and from 1253 ± 64 °C to 1303 ± 40 °C for the Group 3 dykes (Fo79–82). Although the maximum temperature estimates for the former are over 100 °C lower than the previously presented estimates, they are still ~ 200 °C higher than those calculated for mid-ocean ridge basalts using the same method. Although exact mantle potential temperatures are difficult to estimate, the presented results support elevated sub-Gondwanan upper mantle temperatures (generated by a mantle plume or internal mantle heating) during the generation of the Karoo LIP. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic BIROn - Birkbeck Institutional Research Online (Birkbeck University of London) Ahlmannryggen ENVELOPE(-2.500,-2.500,-71.833,-71.833) Antarctic Saunders ENVELOPE(-45.316,-45.316,-60.700,-60.700) Vestfjella ENVELOPE(-14.000,-14.000,-73.167,-73.167) Chemical Geology 411 26 35 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
BIROn - Birkbeck Institutional Research Online (Birkbeck University of London) |
op_collection_id |
ftbirkbeckcoll |
language |
English |
topic |
Earth and Planetary Sciences |
spellingShingle |
Earth and Planetary Sciences Heinonen, J.S. Jennings, Eleanor S. Riley, T.R. Crystallisation temperatures of the most Mg-rich magmas of the Karoo LIP on the basis of Al-in-olivine thermometry |
topic_facet |
Earth and Planetary Sciences |
description |
Calculating reliable temperatures of Mg-rich magmas is problematic because melt composition and KD(Fe–Mg)ol–liq, the key parameters of many traditional thermometers, are difficult to constrain precisely. The recently developed Al-in-olivine thermometer [Coogan, L.A., Saunders, A.D., Wilson, R.N., 2014. Aluminium-in-olivine thermometry of primitive basalts: Evidence of an anomalously hot mantle source for large igneous provinces. Chemical Geology 368, 1–10] circumvents these problems by relying on the temperature-dependent exchange of Al between olivine and spinel crystallising in equilibrium with each other. This thermometer is used to re-evaluate the crystallisation temperatures of most Mg-rich magma type identified from the Karoo large igneous province (LIP), known as the Vestfjella depleted ferropicrite suite. Previous temperature estimates for the suite were based on olivine–melt equilibria and indicated anomalously high crystallisation temperatures in excess of 1600 °C. We also present crystallisation temperatures for another Antarctic Karoo magma type, Group 3 dykes from Ahlmannryggen, which are derived from a pyroxene-rich mantle source. Our high-precision analysis of Al in olivine–spinel pairs indicate crystallisation temperatures from 1391 ± 42 °C to 1481 ± 35 °C for the Vestfjella depleted ferropicrite suite (Fo88–92) and from 1253 ± 64 °C to 1303 ± 40 °C for the Group 3 dykes (Fo79–82). Although the maximum temperature estimates for the former are over 100 °C lower than the previously presented estimates, they are still ~ 200 °C higher than those calculated for mid-ocean ridge basalts using the same method. Although exact mantle potential temperatures are difficult to estimate, the presented results support elevated sub-Gondwanan upper mantle temperatures (generated by a mantle plume or internal mantle heating) during the generation of the Karoo LIP. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Heinonen, J.S. Jennings, Eleanor S. Riley, T.R. |
author_facet |
Heinonen, J.S. Jennings, Eleanor S. Riley, T.R. |
author_sort |
Heinonen, J.S. |
title |
Crystallisation temperatures of the most Mg-rich magmas of the Karoo LIP on the basis of Al-in-olivine thermometry |
title_short |
Crystallisation temperatures of the most Mg-rich magmas of the Karoo LIP on the basis of Al-in-olivine thermometry |
title_full |
Crystallisation temperatures of the most Mg-rich magmas of the Karoo LIP on the basis of Al-in-olivine thermometry |
title_fullStr |
Crystallisation temperatures of the most Mg-rich magmas of the Karoo LIP on the basis of Al-in-olivine thermometry |
title_full_unstemmed |
Crystallisation temperatures of the most Mg-rich magmas of the Karoo LIP on the basis of Al-in-olivine thermometry |
title_sort |
crystallisation temperatures of the most mg-rich magmas of the karoo lip on the basis of al-in-olivine thermometry |
publisher |
Elsevier |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
https://eprints.bbk.ac.uk/id/eprint/21351/ https://eprints.bbk.ac.uk/id/eprint/21351/1/21351.pdf https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2015.06.015 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-2.500,-2.500,-71.833,-71.833) ENVELOPE(-45.316,-45.316,-60.700,-60.700) ENVELOPE(-14.000,-14.000,-73.167,-73.167) |
geographic |
Ahlmannryggen Antarctic Saunders Vestfjella |
geographic_facet |
Ahlmannryggen Antarctic Saunders Vestfjella |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic |
op_relation |
https://eprints.bbk.ac.uk/id/eprint/21351/1/21351.pdf Heinonen, J.S. and Jennings, Eleanor S. and Riley, T.R. (2015) Crystallisation temperatures of the most Mg-rich magmas of the Karoo LIP on the basis of Al-in-olivine thermometry. Chemical Geology 411 , pp. 26-35. ISSN 0009-2541. |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2015.06.015 |
container_title |
Chemical Geology |
container_volume |
411 |
container_start_page |
26 |
op_container_end_page |
35 |
_version_ |
1766015701168947200 |