New observations and records for Umbilicaria (Umbilicariaceae) in Bolivia
Based on extensive new collections, a key to and a list of 11 species of the lichen genus Umbilicaria in Bolivia are provided, and their diversity, altitudinal distribution, biogeographical affinity and reproductive strategies are discussed. Umbilicaria africana, U. aprina, U. cinereorufescens, U. d...
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The American Bryological and Lichenological Society
2009
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ftbioone:10.1639/0007-2745-112.4.833 2023-07-30T04:01:44+02:00 New observations and records for Umbilicaria (Umbilicariaceae) in Bolivia Geir Hestmark Geir Hestmark world 2009-12-01 text/HTML https://doi.org/10.1639/0007-2745-112.4.833 en eng The American Bryological and Lichenological Society doi:10.1639/0007-2745-112.4.833 All rights reserved. https://doi.org/10.1639/0007-2745-112.4.833 Text 2009 ftbioone https://doi.org/10.1639/0007-2745-112.4.833 2023-07-09T10:57:19Z Based on extensive new collections, a key to and a list of 11 species of the lichen genus Umbilicaria in Bolivia are provided, and their diversity, altitudinal distribution, biogeographical affinity and reproductive strategies are discussed. Umbilicaria africana, U. aprina, U. cinereorufescens, U. decussata, U. dendrophora, U. leprosa and U. vellea are reported from Bolivia for the first time. The Umbilicaria species of Bolivia belong to several biogeographical elements: an “international” high altitude group of species (4000–5500 m) found in most alpine or Arctic areas of the world (U. aprina, U. cinereorufescens, U. decussata, U. dendrophora, U. nylanderiana, U. vellea), and a central Andean endemic element (U. calvescens, U. leprosa, U. haplocarpa) which completely dominates at lower altitudes (2500–4000 m). In addition the mainly Southern Hemispheric U. africana is abundant in the high alpine areas. A two-phase scenario is suggested where the ancestor of the endemic element colonized and evolved in the Andes while the mountain chain was still fairly low, while the international element is a comparatively recent addition. Text Arctic BioOne Online Journals Arctic The Bryologist 112 4 833 838 |
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English |
description |
Based on extensive new collections, a key to and a list of 11 species of the lichen genus Umbilicaria in Bolivia are provided, and their diversity, altitudinal distribution, biogeographical affinity and reproductive strategies are discussed. Umbilicaria africana, U. aprina, U. cinereorufescens, U. decussata, U. dendrophora, U. leprosa and U. vellea are reported from Bolivia for the first time. The Umbilicaria species of Bolivia belong to several biogeographical elements: an “international” high altitude group of species (4000–5500 m) found in most alpine or Arctic areas of the world (U. aprina, U. cinereorufescens, U. decussata, U. dendrophora, U. nylanderiana, U. vellea), and a central Andean endemic element (U. calvescens, U. leprosa, U. haplocarpa) which completely dominates at lower altitudes (2500–4000 m). In addition the mainly Southern Hemispheric U. africana is abundant in the high alpine areas. A two-phase scenario is suggested where the ancestor of the endemic element colonized and evolved in the Andes while the mountain chain was still fairly low, while the international element is a comparatively recent addition. |
author2 |
Geir Hestmark |
format |
Text |
author |
Geir Hestmark |
spellingShingle |
Geir Hestmark New observations and records for Umbilicaria (Umbilicariaceae) in Bolivia |
author_facet |
Geir Hestmark |
author_sort |
Geir Hestmark |
title |
New observations and records for Umbilicaria (Umbilicariaceae) in Bolivia |
title_short |
New observations and records for Umbilicaria (Umbilicariaceae) in Bolivia |
title_full |
New observations and records for Umbilicaria (Umbilicariaceae) in Bolivia |
title_fullStr |
New observations and records for Umbilicaria (Umbilicariaceae) in Bolivia |
title_full_unstemmed |
New observations and records for Umbilicaria (Umbilicariaceae) in Bolivia |
title_sort |
new observations and records for umbilicaria (umbilicariaceae) in bolivia |
publisher |
The American Bryological and Lichenological Society |
publishDate |
2009 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1639/0007-2745-112.4.833 |
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geographic |
Arctic |
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Arctic |
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Arctic |
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Arctic |
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https://doi.org/10.1639/0007-2745-112.4.833 |
op_relation |
doi:10.1639/0007-2745-112.4.833 |
op_rights |
All rights reserved. |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1639/0007-2745-112.4.833 |
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The Bryologist |
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112 |
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4 |
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833 |
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838 |
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