Landscape cover type, not social dominance, is associated with the winter movement patterns of Snowy Owls in temperate areas
Migrating animals occur along a continuum from species that spend the nonbreeding season at a fixed location to species that are nomadic during the nonbreeding season, essentially continuously moving. Such variation is likely driven by the economics of territoriality or heterogeneity in the environm...
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American Ornithological Society
2021
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1093/ornithology/ukaa082 |
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ftbioone:10.1093/ornithology/ukaa082 2024-06-02T08:04:38+00:00 Landscape cover type, not social dominance, is associated with the winter movement patterns of Snowy Owls in temperate areas Rebecca A. McCabe Jean-François Therrien Karen L. Wiebe Gilles Gauthier David Brinker Scott Weidensaul Kyle Elliott Rebecca A. McCabe Jean-François Therrien Karen L. Wiebe Gilles Gauthier David Brinker Scott Weidensaul Kyle Elliott world 2021-03-05 text/HTML https://doi.org/10.1093/ornithology/ukaa082 en eng American Ornithological Society doi:10.1093/ornithology/ukaa082 All rights reserved. https://doi.org/10.1093/ornithology/ukaa082 Text 2021 ftbioone https://doi.org/10.1093/ornithology/ukaa082 2024-05-07T00:56:38Z Migrating animals occur along a continuum from species that spend the nonbreeding season at a fixed location to species that are nomadic during the nonbreeding season, essentially continuously moving. Such variation is likely driven by the economics of territoriality or heterogeneity in the environment. The Snowy Owl (Bubo scandiacus) is known for its complex seasonal movements, and thus an excellent model to test these ideas, as many individuals travel unpredictably along irregular routes during both the breeding and nonbreeding seasons. Two possible explanations for this large variation in the propensity to move are (1) dominance hierarchies in which dominant individuals (adult females in this case) monopolize some key, consistent resources, and move less than subdominants; and (2) habitat heterogeneity in which individuals foraging in rich and less heterogenic environments are less mobile. We analyzed fine-scale telemetry data (global positioning system [GPS]/global system for mobile communication [GSM]) from 50 Snowy Owls tagged in eastern and central North America from 2013 to 2019, comparing space use during the winter period according to sex and age, and to land cover attributes. We used variograms to classify individuals as nomadic (58%) or range-resident (42%), and found that nomadic owls had ten times larger wintering areas than range-resident owls. The frequency of nomadism was similar in socially-dominant adult females, immatures, and males. However, nomadism increased from west to east, and north to south, and was positively associated with the use of water and negatively associated with croplands. We conclude that many individual Snowy Owls in Eastern North America are nomadic during the nonbreeding season and that movement patterns during this time are driven primarily by extrinsic factors, specifically heterogeneity in habitat and prey availability, as opposed to intrinsic factors associated with spacing behavior, such as age and sex.LAY SUMMARYGlobal positioning system (GPS)/Global system for ... Text Bubo scandiacus snowy owl BioOne Online Journals Ornithology 138 2 |
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BioOne Online Journals |
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ftbioone |
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English |
description |
Migrating animals occur along a continuum from species that spend the nonbreeding season at a fixed location to species that are nomadic during the nonbreeding season, essentially continuously moving. Such variation is likely driven by the economics of territoriality or heterogeneity in the environment. The Snowy Owl (Bubo scandiacus) is known for its complex seasonal movements, and thus an excellent model to test these ideas, as many individuals travel unpredictably along irregular routes during both the breeding and nonbreeding seasons. Two possible explanations for this large variation in the propensity to move are (1) dominance hierarchies in which dominant individuals (adult females in this case) monopolize some key, consistent resources, and move less than subdominants; and (2) habitat heterogeneity in which individuals foraging in rich and less heterogenic environments are less mobile. We analyzed fine-scale telemetry data (global positioning system [GPS]/global system for mobile communication [GSM]) from 50 Snowy Owls tagged in eastern and central North America from 2013 to 2019, comparing space use during the winter period according to sex and age, and to land cover attributes. We used variograms to classify individuals as nomadic (58%) or range-resident (42%), and found that nomadic owls had ten times larger wintering areas than range-resident owls. The frequency of nomadism was similar in socially-dominant adult females, immatures, and males. However, nomadism increased from west to east, and north to south, and was positively associated with the use of water and negatively associated with croplands. We conclude that many individual Snowy Owls in Eastern North America are nomadic during the nonbreeding season and that movement patterns during this time are driven primarily by extrinsic factors, specifically heterogeneity in habitat and prey availability, as opposed to intrinsic factors associated with spacing behavior, such as age and sex.LAY SUMMARYGlobal positioning system (GPS)/Global system for ... |
author2 |
Rebecca A. McCabe Jean-François Therrien Karen L. Wiebe Gilles Gauthier David Brinker Scott Weidensaul Kyle Elliott |
format |
Text |
author |
Rebecca A. McCabe Jean-François Therrien Karen L. Wiebe Gilles Gauthier David Brinker Scott Weidensaul Kyle Elliott |
spellingShingle |
Rebecca A. McCabe Jean-François Therrien Karen L. Wiebe Gilles Gauthier David Brinker Scott Weidensaul Kyle Elliott Landscape cover type, not social dominance, is associated with the winter movement patterns of Snowy Owls in temperate areas |
author_facet |
Rebecca A. McCabe Jean-François Therrien Karen L. Wiebe Gilles Gauthier David Brinker Scott Weidensaul Kyle Elliott |
author_sort |
Rebecca A. McCabe |
title |
Landscape cover type, not social dominance, is associated with the winter movement patterns of Snowy Owls in temperate areas |
title_short |
Landscape cover type, not social dominance, is associated with the winter movement patterns of Snowy Owls in temperate areas |
title_full |
Landscape cover type, not social dominance, is associated with the winter movement patterns of Snowy Owls in temperate areas |
title_fullStr |
Landscape cover type, not social dominance, is associated with the winter movement patterns of Snowy Owls in temperate areas |
title_full_unstemmed |
Landscape cover type, not social dominance, is associated with the winter movement patterns of Snowy Owls in temperate areas |
title_sort |
landscape cover type, not social dominance, is associated with the winter movement patterns of snowy owls in temperate areas |
publisher |
American Ornithological Society |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1093/ornithology/ukaa082 |
op_coverage |
world |
genre |
Bubo scandiacus snowy owl |
genre_facet |
Bubo scandiacus snowy owl |
op_source |
https://doi.org/10.1093/ornithology/ukaa082 |
op_relation |
doi:10.1093/ornithology/ukaa082 |
op_rights |
All rights reserved. |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1093/ornithology/ukaa082 |
container_title |
Ornithology |
container_volume |
138 |
container_issue |
2 |
_version_ |
1800749280237977600 |