A Carbon Cycle Science Update Since IPCC AR-4
We review important advances in our understanding of the global carbon cycle since the publication of the IPCC AR4. We conclude that: the anthropogenic emissions of CO2 due to fossil fuel burning have increased up through 2008 at a rate near to the high end of the IPCC emission scenarios; there are...
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Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences
2010
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ftbioone:10.1007/s13280-010-0083-7 2024-06-02T08:11:38+00:00 A Carbon Cycle Science Update Since IPCC AR-4 A. J. Dolman G. R. van der Werf M. K. van der Molen G. Ganssen J.-W. Erisman B. Strengers A. J. Dolman G. R. van der Werf M. K. van der Molen G. Ganssen J.-W. Erisman B. Strengers world 2010-08-24 text/HTML https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-010-0083-7 en eng Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences doi:10.1007/s13280-010-0083-7 All rights reserved. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-010-0083-7 Text 2010 ftbioone https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-010-0083-7 2024-05-07T00:47:03Z We review important advances in our understanding of the global carbon cycle since the publication of the IPCC AR4. We conclude that: the anthropogenic emissions of CO2 due to fossil fuel burning have increased up through 2008 at a rate near to the high end of the IPCC emission scenarios; there are contradictory analyses whether an increase in atmospheric fraction, that might indicate a declining sink strength of ocean and/or land, exists; methane emissions are increasing, possibly through enhanced natural emission from northern wetland, methane emissions from dry plants are negligible; old-growth forest take up more carbon than expected from ecological equilibrium reasoning; tropical forest also take up more carbon than previously thought, however, for the global budget to balance, this would imply a smaller uptake in the northern forest; the exchange fluxes between the atmosphere and ocean are increasingly better understood and bottom up and observation-based top down estimates are getting closer to each other; the North Atlantic and Southern ocean take up less CO2, but it is unclear whether this is part of the ‘natural’ decadal scale variability; large-scale fires and droughts, for instance in Amazonia, but also at Northern latitudes, have lead to significant decreases in carbon uptake on annual timescales; the extra uptake of CO2 stimulated by increased N-deposition is, from a greenhouse gas forcing perspective, counterbalanced by the related additional N2O emissions; the amount of carbon stored in permafrost areas appears much (two times) larger than previously thought; preservation of existing marine ecosystems could require a CO2 stabilization as low as 450 ppm; Dynamic Vegetation Models show a wide divergence for future carbon trajectories, uncertainty in the process description, lack of understanding of the CO2 fertilization effect and nitrogen—carbon interaction are major uncertainties. Text North Atlantic permafrost Southern Ocean BioOne Online Journals Southern Ocean AMBIO 39 5-6 402 412 |
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ftbioone |
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English |
description |
We review important advances in our understanding of the global carbon cycle since the publication of the IPCC AR4. We conclude that: the anthropogenic emissions of CO2 due to fossil fuel burning have increased up through 2008 at a rate near to the high end of the IPCC emission scenarios; there are contradictory analyses whether an increase in atmospheric fraction, that might indicate a declining sink strength of ocean and/or land, exists; methane emissions are increasing, possibly through enhanced natural emission from northern wetland, methane emissions from dry plants are negligible; old-growth forest take up more carbon than expected from ecological equilibrium reasoning; tropical forest also take up more carbon than previously thought, however, for the global budget to balance, this would imply a smaller uptake in the northern forest; the exchange fluxes between the atmosphere and ocean are increasingly better understood and bottom up and observation-based top down estimates are getting closer to each other; the North Atlantic and Southern ocean take up less CO2, but it is unclear whether this is part of the ‘natural’ decadal scale variability; large-scale fires and droughts, for instance in Amazonia, but also at Northern latitudes, have lead to significant decreases in carbon uptake on annual timescales; the extra uptake of CO2 stimulated by increased N-deposition is, from a greenhouse gas forcing perspective, counterbalanced by the related additional N2O emissions; the amount of carbon stored in permafrost areas appears much (two times) larger than previously thought; preservation of existing marine ecosystems could require a CO2 stabilization as low as 450 ppm; Dynamic Vegetation Models show a wide divergence for future carbon trajectories, uncertainty in the process description, lack of understanding of the CO2 fertilization effect and nitrogen—carbon interaction are major uncertainties. |
author2 |
A. J. Dolman G. R. van der Werf M. K. van der Molen G. Ganssen J.-W. Erisman B. Strengers |
format |
Text |
author |
A. J. Dolman G. R. van der Werf M. K. van der Molen G. Ganssen J.-W. Erisman B. Strengers |
spellingShingle |
A. J. Dolman G. R. van der Werf M. K. van der Molen G. Ganssen J.-W. Erisman B. Strengers A Carbon Cycle Science Update Since IPCC AR-4 |
author_facet |
A. J. Dolman G. R. van der Werf M. K. van der Molen G. Ganssen J.-W. Erisman B. Strengers |
author_sort |
A. J. Dolman |
title |
A Carbon Cycle Science Update Since IPCC AR-4 |
title_short |
A Carbon Cycle Science Update Since IPCC AR-4 |
title_full |
A Carbon Cycle Science Update Since IPCC AR-4 |
title_fullStr |
A Carbon Cycle Science Update Since IPCC AR-4 |
title_full_unstemmed |
A Carbon Cycle Science Update Since IPCC AR-4 |
title_sort |
carbon cycle science update since ipcc ar-4 |
publisher |
Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences |
publishDate |
2010 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-010-0083-7 |
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world |
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Southern Ocean |
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Southern Ocean |
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North Atlantic permafrost Southern Ocean |
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North Atlantic permafrost Southern Ocean |
op_source |
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-010-0083-7 |
op_relation |
doi:10.1007/s13280-010-0083-7 |
op_rights |
All rights reserved. |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-010-0083-7 |
container_title |
AMBIO |
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39 |
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5-6 |
container_start_page |
402 |
op_container_end_page |
412 |
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