Effects of Predator Treatments, Individual Traits, and Environment on Moose Survival in Alaska
We studied moose (Alces alces) survival, physical condition, and abundance in a 3-predator system in western Interior Alaska, USA, during 2001–2007. Our objective was to quantify the effects of predator treatments on moose population dynamics by investigating changes in survival while evaluating the...
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The Wildlife Society
2011
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ftbioone:10.1002/jwmg.188 2023-07-30T03:55:47+02:00 Effects of Predator Treatments, Individual Traits, and Environment on Moose Survival in Alaska Mark A. Keech Mark S. Lindberg Rodney D. Boertje Patrick Valkenburg Brian D. Taras Toby A. Boudreau Kimberlee B. Beckmen Mark A. Keech Mark S. Lindberg Rodney D. Boertje Patrick Valkenburg Brian D. Taras Toby A. Boudreau Kimberlee B. Beckmen world 2011-08-01 text/HTML https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.188 en eng The Wildlife Society doi:10.1002/jwmg.188 All rights reserved. https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.188 Text 2011 ftbioone https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.188 2023-07-09T08:15:12Z We studied moose (Alces alces) survival, physical condition, and abundance in a 3-predator system in western Interior Alaska, USA, during 2001–2007. Our objective was to quantify the effects of predator treatments on moose population dynamics by investigating changes in survival while evaluating the contribution of potentially confounding covariates. In May 2003 and 2004, we reduced black bear (Ursus americanus) and brown bear (U. arctos) numbers by translocating bears ≥240 km from the study area. Aircraft-assisted take reduced wolf (Canis lupus) numbers markedly in the study area during 2004–2007. We estimated black bears were reduced by approximately 96% by June 2004 and recovered to within 27% of untreated numbers by May 2007. Brown bears were reduced approximately 50% by June 2004. Late-winter wolf numbers were reduced by 75% by 2005 and likely remained at these levels through 2007. In addition to predator treatments, moose hunting closures during 2004–2007 reduced harvests of male moose by 60% in the study area. Predator treatments resulted in increased calf survival rates during summer (primarily from reduced black bear predation) and autumn (primarily from reduced wolf predation). Predator treatments had little influence on survival of moose calves during winter; instead, calf survival was influenced by snow depth and possibly temperature. Increased survival of moose calves during summer and autumn combined with relatively constant winter survival in most years led to a corresponding increase in annual survival of calves following predator treatments. Nonpredation mortalities of calves increased following predator treatments; however, this increase provided little compensation to the decrease in predation mortalities resulting from treatments. Thus, predator-induced calf mortality was primarily additive. Summer survival of moose calves was positively related to calf mass (β > 0.07, SE = 0.073) during treated years and lower (β = -0.82, SE = 0.247) for twins than singletons during all years. Following ... Text Alces alces Canis lupus Alaska BioOne Online Journals The Journal of Wildlife Management 75 6 1361 1380 |
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language |
English |
description |
We studied moose (Alces alces) survival, physical condition, and abundance in a 3-predator system in western Interior Alaska, USA, during 2001–2007. Our objective was to quantify the effects of predator treatments on moose population dynamics by investigating changes in survival while evaluating the contribution of potentially confounding covariates. In May 2003 and 2004, we reduced black bear (Ursus americanus) and brown bear (U. arctos) numbers by translocating bears ≥240 km from the study area. Aircraft-assisted take reduced wolf (Canis lupus) numbers markedly in the study area during 2004–2007. We estimated black bears were reduced by approximately 96% by June 2004 and recovered to within 27% of untreated numbers by May 2007. Brown bears were reduced approximately 50% by June 2004. Late-winter wolf numbers were reduced by 75% by 2005 and likely remained at these levels through 2007. In addition to predator treatments, moose hunting closures during 2004–2007 reduced harvests of male moose by 60% in the study area. Predator treatments resulted in increased calf survival rates during summer (primarily from reduced black bear predation) and autumn (primarily from reduced wolf predation). Predator treatments had little influence on survival of moose calves during winter; instead, calf survival was influenced by snow depth and possibly temperature. Increased survival of moose calves during summer and autumn combined with relatively constant winter survival in most years led to a corresponding increase in annual survival of calves following predator treatments. Nonpredation mortalities of calves increased following predator treatments; however, this increase provided little compensation to the decrease in predation mortalities resulting from treatments. Thus, predator-induced calf mortality was primarily additive. Summer survival of moose calves was positively related to calf mass (β > 0.07, SE = 0.073) during treated years and lower (β = -0.82, SE = 0.247) for twins than singletons during all years. Following ... |
author2 |
Mark A. Keech Mark S. Lindberg Rodney D. Boertje Patrick Valkenburg Brian D. Taras Toby A. Boudreau Kimberlee B. Beckmen |
format |
Text |
author |
Mark A. Keech Mark S. Lindberg Rodney D. Boertje Patrick Valkenburg Brian D. Taras Toby A. Boudreau Kimberlee B. Beckmen |
spellingShingle |
Mark A. Keech Mark S. Lindberg Rodney D. Boertje Patrick Valkenburg Brian D. Taras Toby A. Boudreau Kimberlee B. Beckmen Effects of Predator Treatments, Individual Traits, and Environment on Moose Survival in Alaska |
author_facet |
Mark A. Keech Mark S. Lindberg Rodney D. Boertje Patrick Valkenburg Brian D. Taras Toby A. Boudreau Kimberlee B. Beckmen |
author_sort |
Mark A. Keech |
title |
Effects of Predator Treatments, Individual Traits, and Environment on Moose Survival in Alaska |
title_short |
Effects of Predator Treatments, Individual Traits, and Environment on Moose Survival in Alaska |
title_full |
Effects of Predator Treatments, Individual Traits, and Environment on Moose Survival in Alaska |
title_fullStr |
Effects of Predator Treatments, Individual Traits, and Environment on Moose Survival in Alaska |
title_full_unstemmed |
Effects of Predator Treatments, Individual Traits, and Environment on Moose Survival in Alaska |
title_sort |
effects of predator treatments, individual traits, and environment on moose survival in alaska |
publisher |
The Wildlife Society |
publishDate |
2011 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.188 |
op_coverage |
world |
genre |
Alces alces Canis lupus Alaska |
genre_facet |
Alces alces Canis lupus Alaska |
op_source |
https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.188 |
op_relation |
doi:10.1002/jwmg.188 |
op_rights |
All rights reserved. |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.188 |
container_title |
The Journal of Wildlife Management |
container_volume |
75 |
container_issue |
6 |
container_start_page |
1361 |
op_container_end_page |
1380 |
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1772809622563848192 |