Amino acid compositions in heated carbonaceous chondrites and their compound-specific nitrogen isotopic ratios

• Main Authors: Chan, Queenie, Chikaraishi, Yoshito, Takano, Yoshinori, Ogawa, Nanako, Ohkouchi, Naohiko
• Format: Manuscript
• Language: English
• Published: BioMed Central Ltd. 2016
• Subjects: Carbonaceous chondrites; Meteorites; Astrochemistry; Compound-specific isotopic analysis; Nitrogen isotopes; Amino acids; Organic materials; Meteoritic composition; Gas chromatography/combustion/isotope ratio mass spectrometry; Allan Hills; Antarctic; Ryugu; Yamato; Antarc*
• Online Access: http://www.earth-planets-space.com/content/68/1/7

Abstract A novel method has been developed for compound-specific nitrogen isotope compositions with an achiral column which was previously shown to offer high precision for nitrogen isotopic analysis. We applied the method to determine the amino acid contents and stable nitrogen isotopic compositions of individual amino acids from the thermally metamorphosed (above 500 °C) Antarctic carbonaceous chondrites Ivuna-like (CI)1 (or CI-like) Yamato (Y) 980115 and Ornans-like (CO)3.5 Allan Hills (ALH) A77003 with the use of gas chromatography/combustion/isotope ratio mass spectrometry. ALHA77003 was deprived of amino acids due to its extended thermal alteration history. Amino acids were unambiguously identified in Y-980115, and the δ 15 N values of selected amino acids (glycine +144.8 ‰; α-alanine +121.2 ‰) are clearly extraterrestrial. Y-980115 has experienced an extended period of aqueous alteration as indicated by the presence of hydrous mineral phases. It has also been exposed to at least one post-hydration short-lived thermal metamorphism. Glycine and alanine were possibly produced shortly after the accretion event of the asteroid parent body during the course of an extensive aqueous alteration event and have abstained from the short-term post-aqueous alteration heating due to the heterogeneity of the parent body composition and porosity. These carbonaceous chondrite samples are good analogs that offer important insights into the target asteroid Ryugu of the Hayabusa-2 mission, which is a C-type asteroid likely composed of heterogeneous materials including hydrated and dehydrated minerals.