First description of clinical presentation of piscine orthoreovirus (PRV) infections in salmonid aquaculture in Chile and identification of a second genotype (Genotype II) of PRV
Abstract Background Heart and skeletal muscle inflammation (HSMI) is an emerging disease of marine-farmed Atlantic salmon Salmo salar , first recognized in 1999 in Norway, and recently associated with piscine orthoreovirus (PRV) infection. To date, HSMI lesions with presence of PRV have only been de...
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ftbiomed:oai:biomedcentral.com:s12985-016-0554-y 2023-05-15T15:28:32+02:00 First description of clinical presentation of piscine orthoreovirus (PRV) infections in salmonid aquaculture in Chile and identification of a second genotype (Genotype II) of PRV Godoy, Marcos Kibenge, Molly Wang, Yingwei Suarez, Rudy Leiva, Camila Vallejos, Francisco Kibenge, Frederick 2016-06-13 http://www.virologyj.com/content/13/1/98 en eng BioMed Central Ltd. http://www.virologyj.com/content/13/1/98 Copyright 2016 The Author(s). Heart and skeletal muscle inflammation HSMI HSMI-like Piscine orthoreovirus PRV Atlantic salmon coho salmon Research 2016 ftbiomed 2016-06-19T00:00:08Z Abstract Background Heart and skeletal muscle inflammation (HSMI) is an emerging disease of marine-farmed Atlantic salmon Salmo salar , first recognized in 1999 in Norway, and recently associated with piscine orthoreovirus (PRV) infection. To date, HSMI lesions with presence of PRV have only been described in marine-farmed Atlantic salmon in Norway. A new HSMI-like disease in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss associated with a PRV-related virus has also been reported in Norway. Methods Sampling of Atlantic salmon and coho salmon was done during potential disease outbreaks, targeting lethargic/moribund fish. Fish were necropsied and tissues were taken for histopathologic analysis and testing for PRV by RT-qPCR assay for segment L1 and conventional RT-PCR for PRV segment S1. The PCR products were sequenced and their relationship to PRV strains in GenBank was determined using phylogenetic analysis and nucleotide and amino acid homology comparisons. Results The Atlantic salmon manifested the classical presentation of HSMI with high PRV virus loads (low Ct values) as described in Norway. The coho salmon with low Ct values had myocarditis but only in the spongy layer, the myositis of red muscle in general was mild, and the hepatic necrosis was severe. Upon phylogenetic analysis of PRV segment S1 sequences, all the Chilean PRV strains from Atlantic salmon grouped as sub-genotype Ib, whereas the Chilean PRV strains from coho salmon were more diversified, grouping in both sub-genotypes Ia and Ib and others forming a distinct new phylogenetic cluster, designated Genotype II that included the Norwegian PRV-related virus. Conclusions To our knowledge the present work constitutes the first published report of HSMI lesions with presence of PRV in farmed Atlantic salmon outside of Europe, and the first report of HSMI-like lesions with presence of PRV in coho salmon in Chile. The Chilean PRV strains from coho salmon are more genetically diversified than those from Atlantic salmon, and some form a distinct new phylogenetic cluster, designated Genotype II. Other/Unknown Material Atlantic salmon Salmo salar BioMed Central Norway |
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Open Polar |
collection |
BioMed Central |
op_collection_id |
ftbiomed |
language |
English |
topic |
Heart and skeletal muscle inflammation HSMI HSMI-like Piscine orthoreovirus PRV Atlantic salmon coho salmon |
spellingShingle |
Heart and skeletal muscle inflammation HSMI HSMI-like Piscine orthoreovirus PRV Atlantic salmon coho salmon Godoy, Marcos Kibenge, Molly Wang, Yingwei Suarez, Rudy Leiva, Camila Vallejos, Francisco Kibenge, Frederick First description of clinical presentation of piscine orthoreovirus (PRV) infections in salmonid aquaculture in Chile and identification of a second genotype (Genotype II) of PRV |
topic_facet |
Heart and skeletal muscle inflammation HSMI HSMI-like Piscine orthoreovirus PRV Atlantic salmon coho salmon |
description |
Abstract Background Heart and skeletal muscle inflammation (HSMI) is an emerging disease of marine-farmed Atlantic salmon Salmo salar , first recognized in 1999 in Norway, and recently associated with piscine orthoreovirus (PRV) infection. To date, HSMI lesions with presence of PRV have only been described in marine-farmed Atlantic salmon in Norway. A new HSMI-like disease in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss associated with a PRV-related virus has also been reported in Norway. Methods Sampling of Atlantic salmon and coho salmon was done during potential disease outbreaks, targeting lethargic/moribund fish. Fish were necropsied and tissues were taken for histopathologic analysis and testing for PRV by RT-qPCR assay for segment L1 and conventional RT-PCR for PRV segment S1. The PCR products were sequenced and their relationship to PRV strains in GenBank was determined using phylogenetic analysis and nucleotide and amino acid homology comparisons. Results The Atlantic salmon manifested the classical presentation of HSMI with high PRV virus loads (low Ct values) as described in Norway. The coho salmon with low Ct values had myocarditis but only in the spongy layer, the myositis of red muscle in general was mild, and the hepatic necrosis was severe. Upon phylogenetic analysis of PRV segment S1 sequences, all the Chilean PRV strains from Atlantic salmon grouped as sub-genotype Ib, whereas the Chilean PRV strains from coho salmon were more diversified, grouping in both sub-genotypes Ia and Ib and others forming a distinct new phylogenetic cluster, designated Genotype II that included the Norwegian PRV-related virus. Conclusions To our knowledge the present work constitutes the first published report of HSMI lesions with presence of PRV in farmed Atlantic salmon outside of Europe, and the first report of HSMI-like lesions with presence of PRV in coho salmon in Chile. The Chilean PRV strains from coho salmon are more genetically diversified than those from Atlantic salmon, and some form a distinct new phylogenetic cluster, designated Genotype II. |
format |
Other/Unknown Material |
author |
Godoy, Marcos Kibenge, Molly Wang, Yingwei Suarez, Rudy Leiva, Camila Vallejos, Francisco Kibenge, Frederick |
author_facet |
Godoy, Marcos Kibenge, Molly Wang, Yingwei Suarez, Rudy Leiva, Camila Vallejos, Francisco Kibenge, Frederick |
author_sort |
Godoy, Marcos |
title |
First description of clinical presentation of piscine orthoreovirus (PRV) infections in salmonid aquaculture in Chile and identification of a second genotype (Genotype II) of PRV |
title_short |
First description of clinical presentation of piscine orthoreovirus (PRV) infections in salmonid aquaculture in Chile and identification of a second genotype (Genotype II) of PRV |
title_full |
First description of clinical presentation of piscine orthoreovirus (PRV) infections in salmonid aquaculture in Chile and identification of a second genotype (Genotype II) of PRV |
title_fullStr |
First description of clinical presentation of piscine orthoreovirus (PRV) infections in salmonid aquaculture in Chile and identification of a second genotype (Genotype II) of PRV |
title_full_unstemmed |
First description of clinical presentation of piscine orthoreovirus (PRV) infections in salmonid aquaculture in Chile and identification of a second genotype (Genotype II) of PRV |
title_sort |
first description of clinical presentation of piscine orthoreovirus (prv) infections in salmonid aquaculture in chile and identification of a second genotype (genotype ii) of prv |
publisher |
BioMed Central Ltd. |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
http://www.virologyj.com/content/13/1/98 |
geographic |
Norway |
geographic_facet |
Norway |
genre |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
genre_facet |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
op_relation |
http://www.virologyj.com/content/13/1/98 |
op_rights |
Copyright 2016 The Author(s). |
_version_ |
1766358880530464768 |