The comprehensive immunomodulation of NeurimmiRs in haemocytes of oyster Crassostrea gigas after acetylcholine and norepinephrine stimulation
Abstract Background Neural-endocrine-immune (NEI) system is a major modulation network among the nervous, endocrine and immune system and weights greatly in maintaining homeostasis of organisms during stress and infection. Some microRNAs are found interacting with NEI system (designated NeurimmiRs),...
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ftbiomed:oai:biomedcentral.com:s12864-015-2150-8 2023-05-15T15:58:20+02:00 The comprehensive immunomodulation of NeurimmiRs in haemocytes of oyster Crassostrea gigas after acetylcholine and norepinephrine stimulation Chen, Hao Wang, Lingling Zhou, Zhi Hou, Zhanhui Liu, Zhaoqun Wang, Weilin Gao, Dahai Gao, Qiang Wang, Mengqiang Song, Linsheng 2015-11-14 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2164/16/942 en eng BioMed Central Ltd. http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2164/16/942 Copyright 2015 Chen et al. Oyster NeurimmiR Acetylcholine Norepinephrine Immunomodulation Neural-endocrine-immune system Research article 2015 ftbiomed 2015-11-29T01:11:32Z Abstract Background Neural-endocrine-immune (NEI) system is a major modulation network among the nervous, endocrine and immune system and weights greatly in maintaining homeostasis of organisms during stress and infection. Some microRNAs are found interacting with NEI system (designated NeurimmiRs), addressing swift modulations on immune system. The oyster Crassostrea gigas , as an intertidal bivalve, has evolved a primary NEI system. However, the knowledge about NeurimmiRs in oysters remains largely unknown. Results Six small RNA libraries from haemocytes of oysters stimulated with acetylcholine (ACh) and norepinephrine (NE) were sequenced to identify neurotransmitter-responsive miRNAs and survey their immunomodulation roles. A total of 331 miRNAs (132 identified in the present study plus 199 identified previously) were subjected to expression analysis, and twenty-one and sixteen of them were found ACh- or NE-responsive, respectively (FDR < 0.05). Meanwhile, 21 miRNAs exhibited different expression pattern after ACh or NE stimulation. Consequently, 355 genes were predicted as putative targets of these neurotransmitter-responsive miRNAs in oyster. Through gene onthology analysis, multiple genes involved in death, immune system process and response to stimulus were annotated to be modulated by NeurimmiRs. Besides, a significant decrease in haemocyte phagocytosis and late-apoptosis or necrosis rate was observed after ACh and NE stimulation ( p < 0.05) while early-apoptosis rate remained unchanged. Conclusions A comprehensive immune-related network involving PRRs, intracellular receptors, signaling transducers and immune effectors was proposed to be modulated by ACh- and NE-responsive NeurimmiRs, which would be indispensable for oyster haemocytes to respond against stress and infection. Characterization of the NeurimmiRs would be an essential step to understand the NEI system of invertebrate and the adaptation mechanism of oyster. Article in Journal/Newspaper Crassostrea gigas BioMed Central |
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Open Polar |
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BioMed Central |
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ftbiomed |
language |
English |
topic |
Oyster NeurimmiR Acetylcholine Norepinephrine Immunomodulation Neural-endocrine-immune system |
spellingShingle |
Oyster NeurimmiR Acetylcholine Norepinephrine Immunomodulation Neural-endocrine-immune system Chen, Hao Wang, Lingling Zhou, Zhi Hou, Zhanhui Liu, Zhaoqun Wang, Weilin Gao, Dahai Gao, Qiang Wang, Mengqiang Song, Linsheng The comprehensive immunomodulation of NeurimmiRs in haemocytes of oyster Crassostrea gigas after acetylcholine and norepinephrine stimulation |
topic_facet |
Oyster NeurimmiR Acetylcholine Norepinephrine Immunomodulation Neural-endocrine-immune system |
description |
Abstract Background Neural-endocrine-immune (NEI) system is a major modulation network among the nervous, endocrine and immune system and weights greatly in maintaining homeostasis of organisms during stress and infection. Some microRNAs are found interacting with NEI system (designated NeurimmiRs), addressing swift modulations on immune system. The oyster Crassostrea gigas , as an intertidal bivalve, has evolved a primary NEI system. However, the knowledge about NeurimmiRs in oysters remains largely unknown. Results Six small RNA libraries from haemocytes of oysters stimulated with acetylcholine (ACh) and norepinephrine (NE) were sequenced to identify neurotransmitter-responsive miRNAs and survey their immunomodulation roles. A total of 331 miRNAs (132 identified in the present study plus 199 identified previously) were subjected to expression analysis, and twenty-one and sixteen of them were found ACh- or NE-responsive, respectively (FDR < 0.05). Meanwhile, 21 miRNAs exhibited different expression pattern after ACh or NE stimulation. Consequently, 355 genes were predicted as putative targets of these neurotransmitter-responsive miRNAs in oyster. Through gene onthology analysis, multiple genes involved in death, immune system process and response to stimulus were annotated to be modulated by NeurimmiRs. Besides, a significant decrease in haemocyte phagocytosis and late-apoptosis or necrosis rate was observed after ACh and NE stimulation ( p < 0.05) while early-apoptosis rate remained unchanged. Conclusions A comprehensive immune-related network involving PRRs, intracellular receptors, signaling transducers and immune effectors was proposed to be modulated by ACh- and NE-responsive NeurimmiRs, which would be indispensable for oyster haemocytes to respond against stress and infection. Characterization of the NeurimmiRs would be an essential step to understand the NEI system of invertebrate and the adaptation mechanism of oyster. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Chen, Hao Wang, Lingling Zhou, Zhi Hou, Zhanhui Liu, Zhaoqun Wang, Weilin Gao, Dahai Gao, Qiang Wang, Mengqiang Song, Linsheng |
author_facet |
Chen, Hao Wang, Lingling Zhou, Zhi Hou, Zhanhui Liu, Zhaoqun Wang, Weilin Gao, Dahai Gao, Qiang Wang, Mengqiang Song, Linsheng |
author_sort |
Chen, Hao |
title |
The comprehensive immunomodulation of NeurimmiRs in haemocytes of oyster Crassostrea gigas after acetylcholine and norepinephrine stimulation |
title_short |
The comprehensive immunomodulation of NeurimmiRs in haemocytes of oyster Crassostrea gigas after acetylcholine and norepinephrine stimulation |
title_full |
The comprehensive immunomodulation of NeurimmiRs in haemocytes of oyster Crassostrea gigas after acetylcholine and norepinephrine stimulation |
title_fullStr |
The comprehensive immunomodulation of NeurimmiRs in haemocytes of oyster Crassostrea gigas after acetylcholine and norepinephrine stimulation |
title_full_unstemmed |
The comprehensive immunomodulation of NeurimmiRs in haemocytes of oyster Crassostrea gigas after acetylcholine and norepinephrine stimulation |
title_sort |
comprehensive immunomodulation of neurimmirs in haemocytes of oyster crassostrea gigas after acetylcholine and norepinephrine stimulation |
publisher |
BioMed Central Ltd. |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2164/16/942 |
genre |
Crassostrea gigas |
genre_facet |
Crassostrea gigas |
op_relation |
http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2164/16/942 |
op_rights |
Copyright 2015 Chen et al. |
_version_ |
1766394063775334400 |