Immobilized Rhizopus oryzaelipase catalyzed synthesis of palm stearin and cetyl alcohol wax esters: Optimization by Response Surface Methodology
Abstract Background Waxes are esters of long-chain fatty acids and long-chain alcohols. Their principal natural sources are animals (sperm whale oil) and vegetables (jojoba) which are expensive and not easily available. Wax esters synthesized by enzymatic transesterification, using palm stearin as r...
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ftbiomed:oai:biomedcentral.com:1472-6750-11-68 2023-05-15T18:26:49+02:00 Immobilized Rhizopus oryzaelipase catalyzed synthesis of palm stearin and cetyl alcohol wax esters: Optimization by Response Surface Methodology Sellami, Mohamed Aissa, Imen Frikha, Fakher Gargouri, Youssef Miled, Nabil 2011-06-17 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6750/11/68 en eng BioMed Central Ltd. http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6750/11/68 Copyright 2011 Sellami et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. Research article 2011 ftbiomed 2011-07-30T23:38:25Z Abstract Background Waxes are esters of long-chain fatty acids and long-chain alcohols. Their principal natural sources are animals (sperm whale oil) and vegetables (jojoba) which are expensive and not easily available. Wax esters synthesized by enzymatic transesterification, using palm stearin as raw material, can be considered as an alternative to natural ones. Results Palm stearin is a solid fraction obtained by fractionation of palm oil. Palm stearin was esterified with cetyl alcohol to produce a mixture of wax esters. A non-commercial immobilized lipase from Rhizopus oryzae was used as biocatalyst. Response surface methodology was employed to determine the effects of the temperature (30-50°C), the enzyme concentration (33.34-300 IU/mL), the alcohol/palm stearin molar ratio (3-7 mol/mol) and the substrate concentration (0.06-0.34 g/mL) on the conversion yield of palm stearin. Under optimal conditions (temperature, 30°C; enzyme concentration, 300 IU/mL; molar ratio 3 and substrate concentration 0.21 g/mL) a high conversion yield of 98.52% was reached within a reaction time of 2 h. Conclusions Response surface methodology was successfully applied to determine the optimum operational conditions for synthesis of palm stearin based wax esters. This study may provide useful tools to develop economical and efficient processes for the synthesis of wax esters. Article in Journal/Newspaper Sperm whale BioMed Central |
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BioMed Central |
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English |
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Abstract Background Waxes are esters of long-chain fatty acids and long-chain alcohols. Their principal natural sources are animals (sperm whale oil) and vegetables (jojoba) which are expensive and not easily available. Wax esters synthesized by enzymatic transesterification, using palm stearin as raw material, can be considered as an alternative to natural ones. Results Palm stearin is a solid fraction obtained by fractionation of palm oil. Palm stearin was esterified with cetyl alcohol to produce a mixture of wax esters. A non-commercial immobilized lipase from Rhizopus oryzae was used as biocatalyst. Response surface methodology was employed to determine the effects of the temperature (30-50°C), the enzyme concentration (33.34-300 IU/mL), the alcohol/palm stearin molar ratio (3-7 mol/mol) and the substrate concentration (0.06-0.34 g/mL) on the conversion yield of palm stearin. Under optimal conditions (temperature, 30°C; enzyme concentration, 300 IU/mL; molar ratio 3 and substrate concentration 0.21 g/mL) a high conversion yield of 98.52% was reached within a reaction time of 2 h. Conclusions Response surface methodology was successfully applied to determine the optimum operational conditions for synthesis of palm stearin based wax esters. This study may provide useful tools to develop economical and efficient processes for the synthesis of wax esters. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Sellami, Mohamed Aissa, Imen Frikha, Fakher Gargouri, Youssef Miled, Nabil |
spellingShingle |
Sellami, Mohamed Aissa, Imen Frikha, Fakher Gargouri, Youssef Miled, Nabil Immobilized Rhizopus oryzaelipase catalyzed synthesis of palm stearin and cetyl alcohol wax esters: Optimization by Response Surface Methodology |
author_facet |
Sellami, Mohamed Aissa, Imen Frikha, Fakher Gargouri, Youssef Miled, Nabil |
author_sort |
Sellami, Mohamed |
title |
Immobilized Rhizopus oryzaelipase catalyzed synthesis of palm stearin and cetyl alcohol wax esters: Optimization by Response Surface Methodology |
title_short |
Immobilized Rhizopus oryzaelipase catalyzed synthesis of palm stearin and cetyl alcohol wax esters: Optimization by Response Surface Methodology |
title_full |
Immobilized Rhizopus oryzaelipase catalyzed synthesis of palm stearin and cetyl alcohol wax esters: Optimization by Response Surface Methodology |
title_fullStr |
Immobilized Rhizopus oryzaelipase catalyzed synthesis of palm stearin and cetyl alcohol wax esters: Optimization by Response Surface Methodology |
title_full_unstemmed |
Immobilized Rhizopus oryzaelipase catalyzed synthesis of palm stearin and cetyl alcohol wax esters: Optimization by Response Surface Methodology |
title_sort |
immobilized rhizopus oryzaelipase catalyzed synthesis of palm stearin and cetyl alcohol wax esters: optimization by response surface methodology |
publisher |
BioMed Central Ltd. |
publishDate |
2011 |
url |
http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6750/11/68 |
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Sperm whale |
genre_facet |
Sperm whale |
op_relation |
http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6750/11/68 |
op_rights |
Copyright 2011 Sellami et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. |
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