Начальный период "Холодной войны" и формирование концепции глобального лидерства США

• Main Author: Плащинский, Александр Алексеевич
• Language: Russian
• Published: Международное общественное объединение по изучению ООН и информационно-образовательным программам 2002
• Subjects: ЭБ БГУ::ОБЩЕСТВЕННЫЕ НАУКИ::История. исторические науки; ЭБ БГУ::ОБЩЕСТВЕННЫЕ НАУКИ::Политика и политические науки; North Atlantic
• Online Access: http://elib.bsu.by/handle/123456789/29151

Раздел - "Международные отношения" Being not the most influential power at the beginning of the 20th century the United States has achieved the status of the only superpower by its end. In view of this the author analyses some aspects of the realization of the American strategy aimed at the world leadership. The article deals with the issues of the foreign policy instruments used for the successful implementation of the above-mentioned strategy, particularly at its initial stage. The origins of the "Pax-Americana" as well as its pre-conditions are examined. The author emphasizes the important role of the bipolar confrontation for the U.S. evolution. It is noted that after World War II the economic power of the United States became the major factor for the re-evaluation of its role on the world arena and created the necessary basis for foreign expansion. The challenge from communism and the need to answer it became the motivation for American globalism. In this regard the author scrutinizes the turn from "isolation" toward the active foreign engagement as well as its major reasons. It is pointed out that the Soviet Union represented the main geopolitical obstacle for the American leadership. Therefore, the article touches upon the two methods which the U.S. diplomacy intended to use for "breaking down the Soviet system". The author proves that the first post-war decade was crucial for the shaping of the "world predominance" strategy. In this context the significance of year 1947 is especially stressed upon. The article also views the Marshall Plan and the North Atlantic Alliance as the major foreign policy tools for ensuring the implementation of the U.S. global strategy and its geopolitical interests.