Contrasting extremely warm and long-lasting cold air anomalies in the North Atlantic sector of the Arctic during the HALO-(AC)3 campaign
How air masses transform during meridional transport into and out of the Arctic is not well represented by numerical models. The airborne field campaign HALO-(AC)3 applied the High Altitude and Long- range Research Aircraft (HALO) within the framework of the collaborative research project on Arctic...
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Copernicus Publications
2024
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Online Access: | https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/58922/ https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/58922/1/acp-24-8007-2024.pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-8007-2024 https://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.56508b3c-dd39-4ed0-9c81-dd3bc873d163 |
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ftawi:oai:epic.awi.de:58922 2024-09-15T17:51:50+00:00 Contrasting extremely warm and long-lasting cold air anomalies in the North Atlantic sector of the Arctic during the HALO-(AC)3 campaign Walbröl, Andreas Michaelis, Janosch Becker, Sebastian Dorff, Henning Ebell, Kerstin Gorodetskaya, Irina Heinold, Bernd Kirbus, Benjamin Lauer, Melanie Maherndl, Nina Maturilli, Marion Mayer, Johanna Müller, Hanno Neggers, Roel AJ Paulus, Fiona M Röttenbacher, Johannes Rückert, Janna E Schirmacher, Imke Slättberg, Nils Ehrlich, André Wendisch, Manfred Crewell, Susanne 2024-07-15 application/pdf https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/58922/ https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/58922/1/acp-24-8007-2024.pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-8007-2024 https://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.56508b3c-dd39-4ed0-9c81-dd3bc873d163 unknown Copernicus Publications https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/58922/1/acp-24-8007-2024.pdf Walbröl, A. , Michaelis, J. , Becker, S. , Dorff, H. , Ebell, K. , Gorodetskaya, I. , Heinold, B. , Kirbus, B. , Lauer, M. , Maherndl, N. , Maturilli, M. orcid:0000-0001-6818-7383 , Mayer, J. , Müller, H. , Neggers, R. A. , Paulus, F. M. , Röttenbacher, J. , Rückert, J. E. , Schirmacher, I. , Slättberg, N. , Ehrlich, A. , Wendisch, M. and Crewell, S. (2024) Contrasting extremely warm and long-lasting cold air anomalies in the North Atlantic sector of the Arctic during the HALO-(AC)3 campaign , Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 24 (13), pp. 8007-8029 . doi:10.5194/acp-24-8007-2024 <https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-8007-2024> , hdl:10013/epic.56508b3c-dd39-4ed0-9c81-dd3bc873d163 EPIC3Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Copernicus Publications, 24(13), pp. 8007-8029, ISSN: 1680-7316 Article isiRev 2024 ftawi https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-8007-2024 2024-08-05T14:05:59Z How air masses transform during meridional transport into and out of the Arctic is not well represented by numerical models. The airborne field campaign HALO-(AC)3 applied the High Altitude and Long- range Research Aircraft (HALO) within the framework of the collaborative research project on Arctic amplification (AC)3 to address this question by providing a comprehensive observational basis. The campaign took place from 7 March to 12 April 2022 in the North Atlantic sector of the Arctic, a main gateway of atmospheric transport into and out of the Arctic. Here, we investigate to which degree the meteorological and sea ice conditions during the campaign align with the long-term climatology (1979–2022). For this purpose, we use the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) reanalysis v5 (ERA5), satellite data, and measurements at Ny-Ålesund, including atmospheric soundings. The observations and reanalysis data revealed two distinct periods with different weather conditions during HALO-(AC)3: the campaign started with a warm period (11–20 March 2022) where strong southerly winds prevailed that caused poleward transport of warm and moist air masses, so-called moist and warm air intrusions (WAIs). Two WAI events were identified as atmospheric rivers (ARs), which are narrow bands of strong moisture transport. These warm and moist air masses caused the highest measured 2 m temperatures (5.5 °C) and daily precipitation rates (42 mm d−1) at Ny-Ålesund for March since the beginning of the record (1993). Over the sea ice northwest of Svalbard, ERA5 indicated record-breaking rainfall. After the passage of a strong cyclone on 21 March 2022, a cold period followed. Northerly winds advected cold air into the Fram Strait, causing marine cold air outbreaks (MCAOs) until the end of the campaign. This second phase included one of the longest MCAO events found in the ERA5 record (19 d). On average, the entire campaign period was warmer than the climatological mean due to the strong influence of the ARs. In the Fram ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Fram Strait North Atlantic Ny Ålesund Ny-Ålesund Sea ice Svalbard Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar- and Marine Research (AWI): ePIC (electronic Publication Information Center) Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 24 13 8007 8029 |
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Open Polar |
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Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar- and Marine Research (AWI): ePIC (electronic Publication Information Center) |
op_collection_id |
ftawi |
language |
unknown |
description |
How air masses transform during meridional transport into and out of the Arctic is not well represented by numerical models. The airborne field campaign HALO-(AC)3 applied the High Altitude and Long- range Research Aircraft (HALO) within the framework of the collaborative research project on Arctic amplification (AC)3 to address this question by providing a comprehensive observational basis. The campaign took place from 7 March to 12 April 2022 in the North Atlantic sector of the Arctic, a main gateway of atmospheric transport into and out of the Arctic. Here, we investigate to which degree the meteorological and sea ice conditions during the campaign align with the long-term climatology (1979–2022). For this purpose, we use the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) reanalysis v5 (ERA5), satellite data, and measurements at Ny-Ålesund, including atmospheric soundings. The observations and reanalysis data revealed two distinct periods with different weather conditions during HALO-(AC)3: the campaign started with a warm period (11–20 March 2022) where strong southerly winds prevailed that caused poleward transport of warm and moist air masses, so-called moist and warm air intrusions (WAIs). Two WAI events were identified as atmospheric rivers (ARs), which are narrow bands of strong moisture transport. These warm and moist air masses caused the highest measured 2 m temperatures (5.5 °C) and daily precipitation rates (42 mm d−1) at Ny-Ålesund for March since the beginning of the record (1993). Over the sea ice northwest of Svalbard, ERA5 indicated record-breaking rainfall. After the passage of a strong cyclone on 21 March 2022, a cold period followed. Northerly winds advected cold air into the Fram Strait, causing marine cold air outbreaks (MCAOs) until the end of the campaign. This second phase included one of the longest MCAO events found in the ERA5 record (19 d). On average, the entire campaign period was warmer than the climatological mean due to the strong influence of the ARs. In the Fram ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Walbröl, Andreas Michaelis, Janosch Becker, Sebastian Dorff, Henning Ebell, Kerstin Gorodetskaya, Irina Heinold, Bernd Kirbus, Benjamin Lauer, Melanie Maherndl, Nina Maturilli, Marion Mayer, Johanna Müller, Hanno Neggers, Roel AJ Paulus, Fiona M Röttenbacher, Johannes Rückert, Janna E Schirmacher, Imke Slättberg, Nils Ehrlich, André Wendisch, Manfred Crewell, Susanne |
spellingShingle |
Walbröl, Andreas Michaelis, Janosch Becker, Sebastian Dorff, Henning Ebell, Kerstin Gorodetskaya, Irina Heinold, Bernd Kirbus, Benjamin Lauer, Melanie Maherndl, Nina Maturilli, Marion Mayer, Johanna Müller, Hanno Neggers, Roel AJ Paulus, Fiona M Röttenbacher, Johannes Rückert, Janna E Schirmacher, Imke Slättberg, Nils Ehrlich, André Wendisch, Manfred Crewell, Susanne Contrasting extremely warm and long-lasting cold air anomalies in the North Atlantic sector of the Arctic during the HALO-(AC)3 campaign |
author_facet |
Walbröl, Andreas Michaelis, Janosch Becker, Sebastian Dorff, Henning Ebell, Kerstin Gorodetskaya, Irina Heinold, Bernd Kirbus, Benjamin Lauer, Melanie Maherndl, Nina Maturilli, Marion Mayer, Johanna Müller, Hanno Neggers, Roel AJ Paulus, Fiona M Röttenbacher, Johannes Rückert, Janna E Schirmacher, Imke Slättberg, Nils Ehrlich, André Wendisch, Manfred Crewell, Susanne |
author_sort |
Walbröl, Andreas |
title |
Contrasting extremely warm and long-lasting cold air anomalies in the North Atlantic sector of the Arctic during the HALO-(AC)3 campaign |
title_short |
Contrasting extremely warm and long-lasting cold air anomalies in the North Atlantic sector of the Arctic during the HALO-(AC)3 campaign |
title_full |
Contrasting extremely warm and long-lasting cold air anomalies in the North Atlantic sector of the Arctic during the HALO-(AC)3 campaign |
title_fullStr |
Contrasting extremely warm and long-lasting cold air anomalies in the North Atlantic sector of the Arctic during the HALO-(AC)3 campaign |
title_full_unstemmed |
Contrasting extremely warm and long-lasting cold air anomalies in the North Atlantic sector of the Arctic during the HALO-(AC)3 campaign |
title_sort |
contrasting extremely warm and long-lasting cold air anomalies in the north atlantic sector of the arctic during the halo-(ac)3 campaign |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2024 |
url |
https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/58922/ https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/58922/1/acp-24-8007-2024.pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-8007-2024 https://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.56508b3c-dd39-4ed0-9c81-dd3bc873d163 |
genre |
Arctic Fram Strait North Atlantic Ny Ålesund Ny-Ålesund Sea ice Svalbard |
genre_facet |
Arctic Fram Strait North Atlantic Ny Ålesund Ny-Ålesund Sea ice Svalbard |
op_source |
EPIC3Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Copernicus Publications, 24(13), pp. 8007-8029, ISSN: 1680-7316 |
op_relation |
https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/58922/1/acp-24-8007-2024.pdf Walbröl, A. , Michaelis, J. , Becker, S. , Dorff, H. , Ebell, K. , Gorodetskaya, I. , Heinold, B. , Kirbus, B. , Lauer, M. , Maherndl, N. , Maturilli, M. orcid:0000-0001-6818-7383 , Mayer, J. , Müller, H. , Neggers, R. A. , Paulus, F. M. , Röttenbacher, J. , Rückert, J. E. , Schirmacher, I. , Slättberg, N. , Ehrlich, A. , Wendisch, M. and Crewell, S. (2024) Contrasting extremely warm and long-lasting cold air anomalies in the North Atlantic sector of the Arctic during the HALO-(AC)3 campaign , Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 24 (13), pp. 8007-8029 . doi:10.5194/acp-24-8007-2024 <https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-8007-2024> , hdl:10013/epic.56508b3c-dd39-4ed0-9c81-dd3bc873d163 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-8007-2024 |
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Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
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24 |
container_issue |
13 |
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8007 |
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8029 |
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