Southern Weddell Sea surface freshwater flux modulated by icescape and atmospheric forcing
<jats:p>Abstract. Sea ice formation dominates surface salt forcing in the southern Weddell Sea. Brine rejected in the process of sea ice production results in the production of High Salinity Shelf Water (HSSW) that feeds the global overturning circulation and fuels the basal melt of the adjace...
Published in: | Ocean Science |
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Copernicus GmbH
2023
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Online Access: | https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/58184/ https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/58184/1/Stulic_et_al__os-19-1791-2023.pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/os-19-1791-2023 https://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.25082b78-c774-49d8-958d-00f50f6dc262 |
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ftawi:oai:epic.awi.de:58184 2024-01-21T10:05:11+01:00 Southern Weddell Sea surface freshwater flux modulated by icescape and atmospheric forcing Stulic, Lukrecia Timmermann, Ralph Paul, Stephan Zentek, Rolf Heinemann, Günther Kanzow, Torsten 2023-12-14 application/pdf https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/58184/ https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/58184/1/Stulic_et_al__os-19-1791-2023.pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/os-19-1791-2023 https://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.25082b78-c774-49d8-958d-00f50f6dc262 unknown Copernicus GmbH https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/58184/1/Stulic_et_al__os-19-1791-2023.pdf Stulic, L. , Timmermann, R. , Paul, S. orcid:0000-0002-5136-714X , Zentek, R. , Heinemann, G. and Kanzow, T. orcid:0000-0002-5786-3435 (2023) Southern Weddell Sea surface freshwater flux modulated by icescape and atmospheric forcing , Ocean Science, 19 (6), pp. 1791-1808 . doi:10.5194/os-19-1791-2023 <https://doi.org/10.5194/os-19-1791-2023> , hdl:10013/epic.25082b78-c774-49d8-958d-00f50f6dc262 EPIC3Ocean Science, Copernicus GmbH, 19(6), pp. 1791-1808, ISSN: 1812-0792 Article peerRev 2023 ftawi https://doi.org/10.5194/os-19-1791-2023 2023-12-25T00:23:13Z <jats:p>Abstract. Sea ice formation dominates surface salt forcing in the southern Weddell Sea. Brine rejected in the process of sea ice production results in the production of High Salinity Shelf Water (HSSW) that feeds the global overturning circulation and fuels the basal melt of the adjacent ice shelf. The strongest sea ice production rates are found in coastal polynyas, where steady offshore winds promote divergent ice movement during the freezing season. We used the Finite Element Sea ice–ice shelf–Ocean Model (FESOM) forced by output from the regional atmospheric model COSMO-CLM (CCLM) with 14 km horizontal resolution to investigate the role of polynyas for the surface freshwater flux of the southern Weddell Sea (2002–2017). The presence of stationary icescape features (i.e., fast-ice areas and grounded icebergs) can influence the formation of polynyas and, therefore, impact sea ice production. The representation of the icescape in our model is included by prescribing the position, shape and temporal evolution of a largely immobile ice mélange formed between the Filchner–Ronne Ice Shelf (FRIS) and a major grounded iceberg based on satellite data. We find that 70 % of the ice produced on the continental shelf of the southern Weddell Sea is exported from the region. While coastal polynyas cover 2 % of the continental shelf area, sea ice production within the coastal polynyas accounts for 17 % of the overall annual sea ice production (1509 km3). The largest contributions come from the Ronne Ice Shelf and Brunt Ice Shelf polynyas and polynyas associated with the ice mélange. Furthermore, we investigate the sensitivity of the polynya-based ice production to the (i) representation of the icescape and (ii) regional atmospheric forcing. Although large-scale atmospheric fields determine the sea ice production outside polynyas, both the treatment of the icescape and the regional atmospheric forcing are important for the regional patterns of sea ice production in polynyas. The representation of the ice mélange ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Brunt Ice Shelf Filchner Ronne Ice Shelf Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf Ice Shelf Ronne Ice Shelf Sea ice Weddell Sea Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar- and Marine Research (AWI): ePIC (electronic Publication Information Center) Weddell Sea Weddell Ronne Ice Shelf ENVELOPE(-61.000,-61.000,-78.500,-78.500) Brunt Ice Shelf ENVELOPE(-22.500,-22.500,-74.750,-74.750) Ocean Science 19 6 1791 1808 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar- and Marine Research (AWI): ePIC (electronic Publication Information Center) |
op_collection_id |
ftawi |
language |
unknown |
description |
<jats:p>Abstract. Sea ice formation dominates surface salt forcing in the southern Weddell Sea. Brine rejected in the process of sea ice production results in the production of High Salinity Shelf Water (HSSW) that feeds the global overturning circulation and fuels the basal melt of the adjacent ice shelf. The strongest sea ice production rates are found in coastal polynyas, where steady offshore winds promote divergent ice movement during the freezing season. We used the Finite Element Sea ice–ice shelf–Ocean Model (FESOM) forced by output from the regional atmospheric model COSMO-CLM (CCLM) with 14 km horizontal resolution to investigate the role of polynyas for the surface freshwater flux of the southern Weddell Sea (2002–2017). The presence of stationary icescape features (i.e., fast-ice areas and grounded icebergs) can influence the formation of polynyas and, therefore, impact sea ice production. The representation of the icescape in our model is included by prescribing the position, shape and temporal evolution of a largely immobile ice mélange formed between the Filchner–Ronne Ice Shelf (FRIS) and a major grounded iceberg based on satellite data. We find that 70 % of the ice produced on the continental shelf of the southern Weddell Sea is exported from the region. While coastal polynyas cover 2 % of the continental shelf area, sea ice production within the coastal polynyas accounts for 17 % of the overall annual sea ice production (1509 km3). The largest contributions come from the Ronne Ice Shelf and Brunt Ice Shelf polynyas and polynyas associated with the ice mélange. Furthermore, we investigate the sensitivity of the polynya-based ice production to the (i) representation of the icescape and (ii) regional atmospheric forcing. Although large-scale atmospheric fields determine the sea ice production outside polynyas, both the treatment of the icescape and the regional atmospheric forcing are important for the regional patterns of sea ice production in polynyas. The representation of the ice mélange ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Stulic, Lukrecia Timmermann, Ralph Paul, Stephan Zentek, Rolf Heinemann, Günther Kanzow, Torsten |
spellingShingle |
Stulic, Lukrecia Timmermann, Ralph Paul, Stephan Zentek, Rolf Heinemann, Günther Kanzow, Torsten Southern Weddell Sea surface freshwater flux modulated by icescape and atmospheric forcing |
author_facet |
Stulic, Lukrecia Timmermann, Ralph Paul, Stephan Zentek, Rolf Heinemann, Günther Kanzow, Torsten |
author_sort |
Stulic, Lukrecia |
title |
Southern Weddell Sea surface freshwater flux modulated by icescape and atmospheric forcing |
title_short |
Southern Weddell Sea surface freshwater flux modulated by icescape and atmospheric forcing |
title_full |
Southern Weddell Sea surface freshwater flux modulated by icescape and atmospheric forcing |
title_fullStr |
Southern Weddell Sea surface freshwater flux modulated by icescape and atmospheric forcing |
title_full_unstemmed |
Southern Weddell Sea surface freshwater flux modulated by icescape and atmospheric forcing |
title_sort |
southern weddell sea surface freshwater flux modulated by icescape and atmospheric forcing |
publisher |
Copernicus GmbH |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/58184/ https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/58184/1/Stulic_et_al__os-19-1791-2023.pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/os-19-1791-2023 https://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.25082b78-c774-49d8-958d-00f50f6dc262 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-61.000,-61.000,-78.500,-78.500) ENVELOPE(-22.500,-22.500,-74.750,-74.750) |
geographic |
Weddell Sea Weddell Ronne Ice Shelf Brunt Ice Shelf |
geographic_facet |
Weddell Sea Weddell Ronne Ice Shelf Brunt Ice Shelf |
genre |
Brunt Ice Shelf Filchner Ronne Ice Shelf Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf Ice Shelf Ronne Ice Shelf Sea ice Weddell Sea |
genre_facet |
Brunt Ice Shelf Filchner Ronne Ice Shelf Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf Ice Shelf Ronne Ice Shelf Sea ice Weddell Sea |
op_source |
EPIC3Ocean Science, Copernicus GmbH, 19(6), pp. 1791-1808, ISSN: 1812-0792 |
op_relation |
https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/58184/1/Stulic_et_al__os-19-1791-2023.pdf Stulic, L. , Timmermann, R. , Paul, S. orcid:0000-0002-5136-714X , Zentek, R. , Heinemann, G. and Kanzow, T. orcid:0000-0002-5786-3435 (2023) Southern Weddell Sea surface freshwater flux modulated by icescape and atmospheric forcing , Ocean Science, 19 (6), pp. 1791-1808 . doi:10.5194/os-19-1791-2023 <https://doi.org/10.5194/os-19-1791-2023> , hdl:10013/epic.25082b78-c774-49d8-958d-00f50f6dc262 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/os-19-1791-2023 |
container_title |
Ocean Science |
container_volume |
19 |
container_issue |
6 |
container_start_page |
1791 |
op_container_end_page |
1808 |
_version_ |
1788695596885868544 |