Atmospheric and Surface Processes, and Feedback Mechanisms Determining Arctic Amplification: A Review of First Results and Prospects of the (AC)3 Project
Mechanisms behind the phenomenon of Arctic amplification are widely discussed. To contribute to this debate, the (AC)3 project was established in 2016 (www.ac3-tr.de/). It comprises modeling and data analysis efforts as well as observational elements. The project has assembled a wealth of ground-bas...
Published in: | Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | unknown |
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American Meteorological Society
2023
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Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/57723/ https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/57723/1/1520-0477-BAMS-D-21-0218.1-1.pdf https://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.5436917b-3dec-4179-93df-fb77be074fb8 |
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Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar- and Marine Research (AWI): ePIC (electronic Publication Information Center) |
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ftawi |
language |
unknown |
description |
Mechanisms behind the phenomenon of Arctic amplification are widely discussed. To contribute to this debate, the (AC)3 project was established in 2016 (www.ac3-tr.de/). It comprises modeling and data analysis efforts as well as observational elements. The project has assembled a wealth of ground-based, airborne, shipborne, and satellite data of physical, chemical, and meteorological properties of the Arctic atmosphere, cryosphere, and upper ocean that are available for the Arctic climate research community. Short-term changes and indications of long-term trends in Arctic climate parameters have been detected using existing and new data. For example, a distinct atmospheric moistening, an increase of regional storm activities, an amplified winter warming in the Svalbard and North Pole regions, and a decrease of sea ice thickness in the Fram Strait and of snow depth on sea ice have been identified. A positive trend of tropospheric bromine monoxide (BrO) column densities during polar spring was verified. Local marine/biogenic sources for cloud condensation nuclei and ice nucleating particles were found. Atmospheric–ocean and radiative transfer models were advanced by applying new parameterizations of surface albedo, cloud droplet activation, convective plumes and related processes over leads, and turbulent transfer coefficients for stable surface layers. Four modes of the surface radiative energy budget were explored and reproduced by simulations. To advance the future synthesis of the results, cross-cutting activities are being developed aiming to answer key questions in four focus areas: lapse rate feedback, surface processes, Arctic mixed-phase clouds, and airmass transport and transformation. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Wendisch, M Brückner, M Crewell, S Ehrlich, A Notholt, J Lüpkes, C Macke, A Burrows, JP Rinke, A Quaas, J Maturilli, M Schemann, V Shupe, MD Akansu, EF Barrientos-Velasco, C Bärfuss, K Blechschmidt, A-M Block, K Bougoudis, I Bozem, H Böckmann, C Bracher, A Bresson, H Bretschneider, L Buschmann, M Chechin, DG Chylik, J Dahlke, S Deneke, H Dethloff, K Donth, T Dorn, W Dupuy, R Ebell, K Egerer, U Engelmann, R Eppers, O Gerdes, R Gierens, R Gorodetskaya, IV Gottschalk, M Griesche, H Gryanik, VM Handorf, D Harm-Altstädter, B Hartmann, J Hartmann, M Heinold, B Herber, A Herrmann, H Heygster, G Höschel, I Hofmann, Z Hölemann, J Hünerbein, A Jafariserajehlou, S Jäkel, E Jacobi, C Janout, M Jansen, F Jourdan, O Jurányi, Z Kalesse-Los, H Kanzow, T Käthner, R Kliesch, LL Klingebiel, M Knudsen, EM Kovács, T Körtke, W Krampe, D Kretzschmar, J Kreyling, D Kulla, B Kunkel, D Lampert, A Lauer, M Lelli, L von Lerber, A Linke, O Löhnert, U Lonardi, M Losa, SN Losch, M Maahn, M Mech, M Mei, L Mertes, S Metzner, E Mewes, D Michaelis, J Mioche, G Moser, M Nakoudi, K Neggers, R Neuber, R Nomokonova, T Oelker, J Papakonstantinou-Presvelou, I Pätzold, F Pefanis, V Pohl, C van Pinxteren, M Radovan, A Rhein, M Rex, M Richter, A Risse, N Ritter, C Rostosky, P Rozanov, VV Donoso, E Ruiz Saavedra Garfias, P Salzmann, M Schacht, J Schäfer, M Schneider, J Schnierstein, N Seifert, P Seo, S Siebert, H Soppa, MA Spreen, G Stachlewska, IS Stapf, J Stratmann, F Tegen, I Viceto, C Voigt, C Vountas, M Walbröl, A Walter, M Wehner, B Wex, H Willmes, S Zanatta, M Zeppenfeld, S |
spellingShingle |
Wendisch, M Brückner, M Crewell, S Ehrlich, A Notholt, J Lüpkes, C Macke, A Burrows, JP Rinke, A Quaas, J Maturilli, M Schemann, V Shupe, MD Akansu, EF Barrientos-Velasco, C Bärfuss, K Blechschmidt, A-M Block, K Bougoudis, I Bozem, H Böckmann, C Bracher, A Bresson, H Bretschneider, L Buschmann, M Chechin, DG Chylik, J Dahlke, S Deneke, H Dethloff, K Donth, T Dorn, W Dupuy, R Ebell, K Egerer, U Engelmann, R Eppers, O Gerdes, R Gierens, R Gorodetskaya, IV Gottschalk, M Griesche, H Gryanik, VM Handorf, D Harm-Altstädter, B Hartmann, J Hartmann, M Heinold, B Herber, A Herrmann, H Heygster, G Höschel, I Hofmann, Z Hölemann, J Hünerbein, A Jafariserajehlou, S Jäkel, E Jacobi, C Janout, M Jansen, F Jourdan, O Jurányi, Z Kalesse-Los, H Kanzow, T Käthner, R Kliesch, LL Klingebiel, M Knudsen, EM Kovács, T Körtke, W Krampe, D Kretzschmar, J Kreyling, D Kulla, B Kunkel, D Lampert, A Lauer, M Lelli, L von Lerber, A Linke, O Löhnert, U Lonardi, M Losa, SN Losch, M Maahn, M Mech, M Mei, L Mertes, S Metzner, E Mewes, D Michaelis, J Mioche, G Moser, M Nakoudi, K Neggers, R Neuber, R Nomokonova, T Oelker, J Papakonstantinou-Presvelou, I Pätzold, F Pefanis, V Pohl, C van Pinxteren, M Radovan, A Rhein, M Rex, M Richter, A Risse, N Ritter, C Rostosky, P Rozanov, VV Donoso, E Ruiz Saavedra Garfias, P Salzmann, M Schacht, J Schäfer, M Schneider, J Schnierstein, N Seifert, P Seo, S Siebert, H Soppa, MA Spreen, G Stachlewska, IS Stapf, J Stratmann, F Tegen, I Viceto, C Voigt, C Vountas, M Walbröl, A Walter, M Wehner, B Wex, H Willmes, S Zanatta, M Zeppenfeld, S Atmospheric and Surface Processes, and Feedback Mechanisms Determining Arctic Amplification: A Review of First Results and Prospects of the (AC)3 Project |
author_facet |
Wendisch, M Brückner, M Crewell, S Ehrlich, A Notholt, J Lüpkes, C Macke, A Burrows, JP Rinke, A Quaas, J Maturilli, M Schemann, V Shupe, MD Akansu, EF Barrientos-Velasco, C Bärfuss, K Blechschmidt, A-M Block, K Bougoudis, I Bozem, H Böckmann, C Bracher, A Bresson, H Bretschneider, L Buschmann, M Chechin, DG Chylik, J Dahlke, S Deneke, H Dethloff, K Donth, T Dorn, W Dupuy, R Ebell, K Egerer, U Engelmann, R Eppers, O Gerdes, R Gierens, R Gorodetskaya, IV Gottschalk, M Griesche, H Gryanik, VM Handorf, D Harm-Altstädter, B Hartmann, J Hartmann, M Heinold, B Herber, A Herrmann, H Heygster, G Höschel, I Hofmann, Z Hölemann, J Hünerbein, A Jafariserajehlou, S Jäkel, E Jacobi, C Janout, M Jansen, F Jourdan, O Jurányi, Z Kalesse-Los, H Kanzow, T Käthner, R Kliesch, LL Klingebiel, M Knudsen, EM Kovács, T Körtke, W Krampe, D Kretzschmar, J Kreyling, D Kulla, B Kunkel, D Lampert, A Lauer, M Lelli, L von Lerber, A Linke, O Löhnert, U Lonardi, M Losa, SN Losch, M Maahn, M Mech, M Mei, L Mertes, S Metzner, E Mewes, D Michaelis, J Mioche, G Moser, M Nakoudi, K Neggers, R Neuber, R Nomokonova, T Oelker, J Papakonstantinou-Presvelou, I Pätzold, F Pefanis, V Pohl, C van Pinxteren, M Radovan, A Rhein, M Rex, M Richter, A Risse, N Ritter, C Rostosky, P Rozanov, VV Donoso, E Ruiz Saavedra Garfias, P Salzmann, M Schacht, J Schäfer, M Schneider, J Schnierstein, N Seifert, P Seo, S Siebert, H Soppa, MA Spreen, G Stachlewska, IS Stapf, J Stratmann, F Tegen, I Viceto, C Voigt, C Vountas, M Walbröl, A Walter, M Wehner, B Wex, H Willmes, S Zanatta, M Zeppenfeld, S |
author_sort |
Wendisch, M |
title |
Atmospheric and Surface Processes, and Feedback Mechanisms Determining Arctic Amplification: A Review of First Results and Prospects of the (AC)3 Project |
title_short |
Atmospheric and Surface Processes, and Feedback Mechanisms Determining Arctic Amplification: A Review of First Results and Prospects of the (AC)3 Project |
title_full |
Atmospheric and Surface Processes, and Feedback Mechanisms Determining Arctic Amplification: A Review of First Results and Prospects of the (AC)3 Project |
title_fullStr |
Atmospheric and Surface Processes, and Feedback Mechanisms Determining Arctic Amplification: A Review of First Results and Prospects of the (AC)3 Project |
title_full_unstemmed |
Atmospheric and Surface Processes, and Feedback Mechanisms Determining Arctic Amplification: A Review of First Results and Prospects of the (AC)3 Project |
title_sort |
atmospheric and surface processes, and feedback mechanisms determining arctic amplification: a review of first results and prospects of the (ac)3 project |
publisher |
American Meteorological Society |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/57723/ https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/57723/1/1520-0477-BAMS-D-21-0218.1-1.pdf https://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.5436917b-3dec-4179-93df-fb77be074fb8 |
geographic |
Arctic North Pole Svalbard |
geographic_facet |
Arctic North Pole Svalbard |
genre |
albedo Arctic Arctic Fram Strait North Pole Sea ice Svalbard |
genre_facet |
albedo Arctic Arctic Fram Strait North Pole Sea ice Svalbard |
op_source |
EPIC3Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, American Meteorological Society, 104(1), pp. e208-e242, ISSN: 0003-0007 |
op_relation |
https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/57723/1/1520-0477-BAMS-D-21-0218.1-1.pdf Wendisch, M. , Brückner, M. , Crewell, S. , Ehrlich, A. , Notholt, J. , Lüpkes, C. , Macke, A. , Burrows, J. , Rinke, A. , Quaas, J. , Maturilli, M. , Schemann, V. , Shupe, M. , Akansu, E. , Barrientos-Velasco, C. , Bärfuss, K. , Blechschmidt, A. M. , Block, K. , Bougoudis, I. , Bozem, H. , Böckmann, C. , Bracher, A. , Bresson, H. , Bretschneider, L. , Buschmann, M. , Chechin, D. , Chylik, J. , Dahlke, S. , Deneke, H. , Dethloff, K. , Donth, T. , Dorn, W. , Dupuy, R. , Ebell, K. , Egerer, U. , Engelmann, R. , Eppers, O. , Gerdes, R. , Gierens, R. , Gorodetskaya, I. , Gottschalk, M. , Griesche, H. , Gryanik, V. , Handorf, D. , Harm-Altstädter, B. , Hartmann, J. , Hartmann, M. , Heinold, B. , Herber, A. , Herrmann, H. , Heygster, G. , Höschel, I. , Hofmann, Z. , Hölemann, J. , Hünerbein, A. , Jafariserajehlou, S. , Jäkel, E. , Jacobi, C. , Janout, M. , Jansen, F. , Jourdan, O. , Jurányi, Z. , Kalesse-Los, H. , Kanzow, T. , Käthner, R. , Kliesch, L. , Klingebiel, M. , Knudsen, E. , Kovács, T. , Körtke, W. , Krampe, D. , Kretzschmar, J. , Kreyling, D. , Kulla, B. , Kunkel, D. , Lampert, A. , Lauer, M. , Lelli, L. , von Lerber, A. , Linke, O. , Löhnert, U. , Lonardi, M. , Losa, S. , Losch, M. , Maahn, M. , Mech, M. , Mei, L. , Mertes, S. , Metzner, E. , Mewes, D. , Michaelis, J. , Mioche, G. , Moser, M. , Nakoudi, K. , Neggers, R. , Neuber, R. , Nomokonova, T. , Oelker, J. , Papakonstantinou-Presvelou, I. , Pätzold, F. , Pefanis, V. , Pohl, C. , van Pinxteren, M. , Radovan, A. , Rhein, M. , Rex, M. , Richter, A. , Risse, N. , Ritter, C. , Rostosky, P. , Rozanov, V. , Donoso, E. R. , Saavedra Garfias, P. , Salzmann, M. , Schacht, J. , Schäfer, M. , Schneider, J. , Schnierstein, N. , Seifert, P. , Seo, S. , Siebert, H. , Soppa, M. , Spreen, G. , Stachlewska, I. , Stapf, J. , Stratmann, F. , Tegen, I. , Viceto, C. , Voigt, C. , Vountas, M. , Walbröl, A. , Walter, M. , Wehner, B. , Wex, H. , Willmes, S. , Zanatta, M. and Zeppenfeld, S. (2023) Atmospheric and Surface Processes, and Feedback Mechanisms Determining Arctic Amplification: A Review of First Results and Prospects of the (AC)3 Project , Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 104 (1), e208-e242 . doi:10.1175/bams-d-21-0218.1 <https://doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-21-0218.1> , hdl:10013/epic.5436917b-3dec-4179-93df-fb77be074fb8 |
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https://doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-21-0218.1 |
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Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society |
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104 |
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ftawi:oai:epic.awi.de:57723 2024-09-09T18:56:11+00:00 Atmospheric and Surface Processes, and Feedback Mechanisms Determining Arctic Amplification: A Review of First Results and Prospects of the (AC)3 Project Wendisch, M Brückner, M Crewell, S Ehrlich, A Notholt, J Lüpkes, C Macke, A Burrows, JP Rinke, A Quaas, J Maturilli, M Schemann, V Shupe, MD Akansu, EF Barrientos-Velasco, C Bärfuss, K Blechschmidt, A-M Block, K Bougoudis, I Bozem, H Böckmann, C Bracher, A Bresson, H Bretschneider, L Buschmann, M Chechin, DG Chylik, J Dahlke, S Deneke, H Dethloff, K Donth, T Dorn, W Dupuy, R Ebell, K Egerer, U Engelmann, R Eppers, O Gerdes, R Gierens, R Gorodetskaya, IV Gottschalk, M Griesche, H Gryanik, VM Handorf, D Harm-Altstädter, B Hartmann, J Hartmann, M Heinold, B Herber, A Herrmann, H Heygster, G Höschel, I Hofmann, Z Hölemann, J Hünerbein, A Jafariserajehlou, S Jäkel, E Jacobi, C Janout, M Jansen, F Jourdan, O Jurányi, Z Kalesse-Los, H Kanzow, T Käthner, R Kliesch, LL Klingebiel, M Knudsen, EM Kovács, T Körtke, W Krampe, D Kretzschmar, J Kreyling, D Kulla, B Kunkel, D Lampert, A Lauer, M Lelli, L von Lerber, A Linke, O Löhnert, U Lonardi, M Losa, SN Losch, M Maahn, M Mech, M Mei, L Mertes, S Metzner, E Mewes, D Michaelis, J Mioche, G Moser, M Nakoudi, K Neggers, R Neuber, R Nomokonova, T Oelker, J Papakonstantinou-Presvelou, I Pätzold, F Pefanis, V Pohl, C van Pinxteren, M Radovan, A Rhein, M Rex, M Richter, A Risse, N Ritter, C Rostosky, P Rozanov, VV Donoso, E Ruiz Saavedra Garfias, P Salzmann, M Schacht, J Schäfer, M Schneider, J Schnierstein, N Seifert, P Seo, S Siebert, H Soppa, MA Spreen, G Stachlewska, IS Stapf, J Stratmann, F Tegen, I Viceto, C Voigt, C Vountas, M Walbröl, A Walter, M Wehner, B Wex, H Willmes, S Zanatta, M Zeppenfeld, S 2023-01-01 application/pdf https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/57723/ https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/57723/1/1520-0477-BAMS-D-21-0218.1-1.pdf https://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.5436917b-3dec-4179-93df-fb77be074fb8 unknown American Meteorological Society https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/57723/1/1520-0477-BAMS-D-21-0218.1-1.pdf Wendisch, M. , Brückner, M. , Crewell, S. , Ehrlich, A. , Notholt, J. , Lüpkes, C. , Macke, A. , Burrows, J. , Rinke, A. , Quaas, J. , Maturilli, M. , Schemann, V. , Shupe, M. , Akansu, E. , Barrientos-Velasco, C. , Bärfuss, K. , Blechschmidt, A. M. , Block, K. , Bougoudis, I. , Bozem, H. , Böckmann, C. , Bracher, A. , Bresson, H. , Bretschneider, L. , Buschmann, M. , Chechin, D. , Chylik, J. , Dahlke, S. , Deneke, H. , Dethloff, K. , Donth, T. , Dorn, W. , Dupuy, R. , Ebell, K. , Egerer, U. , Engelmann, R. , Eppers, O. , Gerdes, R. , Gierens, R. , Gorodetskaya, I. , Gottschalk, M. , Griesche, H. , Gryanik, V. , Handorf, D. , Harm-Altstädter, B. , Hartmann, J. , Hartmann, M. , Heinold, B. , Herber, A. , Herrmann, H. , Heygster, G. , Höschel, I. , Hofmann, Z. , Hölemann, J. , Hünerbein, A. , Jafariserajehlou, S. , Jäkel, E. , Jacobi, C. , Janout, M. , Jansen, F. , Jourdan, O. , Jurányi, Z. , Kalesse-Los, H. , Kanzow, T. , Käthner, R. , Kliesch, L. , Klingebiel, M. , Knudsen, E. , Kovács, T. , Körtke, W. , Krampe, D. , Kretzschmar, J. , Kreyling, D. , Kulla, B. , Kunkel, D. , Lampert, A. , Lauer, M. , Lelli, L. , von Lerber, A. , Linke, O. , Löhnert, U. , Lonardi, M. , Losa, S. , Losch, M. , Maahn, M. , Mech, M. , Mei, L. , Mertes, S. , Metzner, E. , Mewes, D. , Michaelis, J. , Mioche, G. , Moser, M. , Nakoudi, K. , Neggers, R. , Neuber, R. , Nomokonova, T. , Oelker, J. , Papakonstantinou-Presvelou, I. , Pätzold, F. , Pefanis, V. , Pohl, C. , van Pinxteren, M. , Radovan, A. , Rhein, M. , Rex, M. , Richter, A. , Risse, N. , Ritter, C. , Rostosky, P. , Rozanov, V. , Donoso, E. R. , Saavedra Garfias, P. , Salzmann, M. , Schacht, J. , Schäfer, M. , Schneider, J. , Schnierstein, N. , Seifert, P. , Seo, S. , Siebert, H. , Soppa, M. , Spreen, G. , Stachlewska, I. , Stapf, J. , Stratmann, F. , Tegen, I. , Viceto, C. , Voigt, C. , Vountas, M. , Walbröl, A. , Walter, M. , Wehner, B. , Wex, H. , Willmes, S. , Zanatta, M. and Zeppenfeld, S. (2023) Atmospheric and Surface Processes, and Feedback Mechanisms Determining Arctic Amplification: A Review of First Results and Prospects of the (AC)3 Project , Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 104 (1), e208-e242 . doi:10.1175/bams-d-21-0218.1 <https://doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-21-0218.1> , hdl:10013/epic.5436917b-3dec-4179-93df-fb77be074fb8 EPIC3Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, American Meteorological Society, 104(1), pp. e208-e242, ISSN: 0003-0007 Article isiRev 2023 ftawi https://doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-21-0218.1 2024-06-24T04:30:12Z Mechanisms behind the phenomenon of Arctic amplification are widely discussed. To contribute to this debate, the (AC)3 project was established in 2016 (www.ac3-tr.de/). It comprises modeling and data analysis efforts as well as observational elements. The project has assembled a wealth of ground-based, airborne, shipborne, and satellite data of physical, chemical, and meteorological properties of the Arctic atmosphere, cryosphere, and upper ocean that are available for the Arctic climate research community. Short-term changes and indications of long-term trends in Arctic climate parameters have been detected using existing and new data. For example, a distinct atmospheric moistening, an increase of regional storm activities, an amplified winter warming in the Svalbard and North Pole regions, and a decrease of sea ice thickness in the Fram Strait and of snow depth on sea ice have been identified. A positive trend of tropospheric bromine monoxide (BrO) column densities during polar spring was verified. Local marine/biogenic sources for cloud condensation nuclei and ice nucleating particles were found. Atmospheric–ocean and radiative transfer models were advanced by applying new parameterizations of surface albedo, cloud droplet activation, convective plumes and related processes over leads, and turbulent transfer coefficients for stable surface layers. Four modes of the surface radiative energy budget were explored and reproduced by simulations. To advance the future synthesis of the results, cross-cutting activities are being developed aiming to answer key questions in four focus areas: lapse rate feedback, surface processes, Arctic mixed-phase clouds, and airmass transport and transformation. Article in Journal/Newspaper albedo Arctic Arctic Fram Strait North Pole Sea ice Svalbard Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar- and Marine Research (AWI): ePIC (electronic Publication Information Center) Arctic North Pole Svalbard Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 104 1 E208 E242 |