Advancing microwave radar retrievals of snow depth on sea ice: toward full characterisation of the snow and sea-ice layers
Snow is a key factor in the sea-ice and Earth's climate systems that modifies the physical, climatic, and biogeochemical processes taking place. One of its most important impacts is in regulating sea-ice growth and melt. Despite its importance, little is known about the spatial and temporal dis...
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ftawi:oai:epic.awi.de:55851 2024-09-15T17:54:17+00:00 Advancing microwave radar retrievals of snow depth on sea ice: toward full characterisation of the snow and sea-ice layers Jutila, Arttu 2022-03-16 application/pdf https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/55851/ https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/55851/1/jutila-thesis-pdfa-20220318.pdf https://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.96565548-673f-47f1-b4c6-62f32a7222d1 unknown https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/55851/1/jutila-thesis-pdfa-20220318.pdf Jutila, A. orcid:0000-0001-6115-1687 (2022) Advancing microwave radar retrievals of snow depth on sea ice: toward full characterisation of the snow and sea-ice layers , PhD thesis, University of Bremen, Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research. doi:10.26092/elib/1455 <https://doi.org/10.26092/elib%2F1455> , hdl:10013/epic.96565548-673f-47f1-b4c6-62f32a7222d1 EPIC3141 p., pp. 153 Thesis notRev 2022 ftawi https://doi.org/10.26092/elib/1455 2024-06-24T04:28:46Z Snow is a key factor in the sea-ice and Earth's climate systems that modifies the physical, climatic, and biogeochemical processes taking place. One of its most important impacts is in regulating sea-ice growth and melt. Despite its importance, little is known about the spatial and temporal distribution of snow depth on sea ice on the regional to global scales. Snow is tightly coupled to the highly dynamic sea-ice and atmospheric conditions and it is, therefore, very heterogeneous and constantly evolving both in space and in time. As a spatially and temporally representative, global, year-round product of snow depth observations on sea ice does not exist to this date, applications often have to rely on climatological values that do not necessarily hold true in the rapidly warming global climate. The unknown properties directly translate into the uncertainty of the result. This dissertation takes on the ambitious goal of working toward full characterisation of the snow and sea-ice layers. To achieve that, the focus is on advancing microwave radar retrievals of snow depth on sea ice. Enhanced snow depth observations will enable improving other measurements of sea-ice related parameters, most importantly sea-ice thickness, and in joint analysis of coincident sea-ice measurements estimating sea-ice bulk density becomes possible. In the first step, field experiments with ground-based C and K band pulse radars are carried out to investigate microwave penetration into the snow cover. The results show the K band microwaves expectedly reflect from the snow surface while the C band microwaves penetrate closer to the snow–sea-ice interface potentially enabling dual-frequency snow depth retrieval in less than half of the studied cases and only on first-year ice. In the second step, radar measurements of snow depth on sea ice are upscaled by using an airborne radar in the western Arctic Ocean in 2017–2019. A high-sensitivity, ultra-wideband, frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) radar is integrated to the instrument ... Thesis Arctic Ocean Sea ice Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar- and Marine Research (AWI): ePIC (electronic Publication Information Center) |
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Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar- and Marine Research (AWI): ePIC (electronic Publication Information Center) |
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ftawi |
language |
unknown |
description |
Snow is a key factor in the sea-ice and Earth's climate systems that modifies the physical, climatic, and biogeochemical processes taking place. One of its most important impacts is in regulating sea-ice growth and melt. Despite its importance, little is known about the spatial and temporal distribution of snow depth on sea ice on the regional to global scales. Snow is tightly coupled to the highly dynamic sea-ice and atmospheric conditions and it is, therefore, very heterogeneous and constantly evolving both in space and in time. As a spatially and temporally representative, global, year-round product of snow depth observations on sea ice does not exist to this date, applications often have to rely on climatological values that do not necessarily hold true in the rapidly warming global climate. The unknown properties directly translate into the uncertainty of the result. This dissertation takes on the ambitious goal of working toward full characterisation of the snow and sea-ice layers. To achieve that, the focus is on advancing microwave radar retrievals of snow depth on sea ice. Enhanced snow depth observations will enable improving other measurements of sea-ice related parameters, most importantly sea-ice thickness, and in joint analysis of coincident sea-ice measurements estimating sea-ice bulk density becomes possible. In the first step, field experiments with ground-based C and K band pulse radars are carried out to investigate microwave penetration into the snow cover. The results show the K band microwaves expectedly reflect from the snow surface while the C band microwaves penetrate closer to the snow–sea-ice interface potentially enabling dual-frequency snow depth retrieval in less than half of the studied cases and only on first-year ice. In the second step, radar measurements of snow depth on sea ice are upscaled by using an airborne radar in the western Arctic Ocean in 2017–2019. A high-sensitivity, ultra-wideband, frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) radar is integrated to the instrument ... |
format |
Thesis |
author |
Jutila, Arttu |
spellingShingle |
Jutila, Arttu Advancing microwave radar retrievals of snow depth on sea ice: toward full characterisation of the snow and sea-ice layers |
author_facet |
Jutila, Arttu |
author_sort |
Jutila, Arttu |
title |
Advancing microwave radar retrievals of snow depth on sea ice: toward full characterisation of the snow and sea-ice layers |
title_short |
Advancing microwave radar retrievals of snow depth on sea ice: toward full characterisation of the snow and sea-ice layers |
title_full |
Advancing microwave radar retrievals of snow depth on sea ice: toward full characterisation of the snow and sea-ice layers |
title_fullStr |
Advancing microwave radar retrievals of snow depth on sea ice: toward full characterisation of the snow and sea-ice layers |
title_full_unstemmed |
Advancing microwave radar retrievals of snow depth on sea ice: toward full characterisation of the snow and sea-ice layers |
title_sort |
advancing microwave radar retrievals of snow depth on sea ice: toward full characterisation of the snow and sea-ice layers |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/55851/ https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/55851/1/jutila-thesis-pdfa-20220318.pdf https://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.96565548-673f-47f1-b4c6-62f32a7222d1 |
genre |
Arctic Ocean Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Arctic Ocean Sea ice |
op_source |
EPIC3141 p., pp. 153 |
op_relation |
https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/55851/1/jutila-thesis-pdfa-20220318.pdf Jutila, A. orcid:0000-0001-6115-1687 (2022) Advancing microwave radar retrievals of snow depth on sea ice: toward full characterisation of the snow and sea-ice layers , PhD thesis, University of Bremen, Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research. doi:10.26092/elib/1455 <https://doi.org/10.26092/elib%2F1455> , hdl:10013/epic.96565548-673f-47f1-b4c6-62f32a7222d1 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.26092/elib/1455 |
_version_ |
1810430553494650880 |