Hemispheric black carbon increase after the 13th-century Māori arrival in New Zealand
New Zealand was among the last habitable places on earth to be colonized by humans1. Charcoal records indicate that wildfires were rare prior to colonization and widespread following the 13th- to 14th-century Māori settlement2, but the precise timing and magnitude of associated biomass-burning emiss...
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Online Access: | https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/55210/ https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03858-9 https://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.33efdf2f-adba-4ce3-980a-24da7a3a13a3 |
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ftawi:oai:epic.awi.de:55210 2023-05-15T13:45:22+02:00 Hemispheric black carbon increase after the 13th-century Māori arrival in New Zealand McConnell, Joseph R. Chellman, Nathan J. Mulvaney, Robert Eckhardt, Sabine Stohl, Andreas Plunkett, Gill Kipfstuhl, Sepp Freitag, Johannes Isaksson, Elisabeth Gleason, Kelly E. Brugger, Sandra O. McWethy, David B. Abram, Nerilie J. Liu, Pengfei Aristarain, Alberto J. 2021-10-06 https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/55210/ https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03858-9 https://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.33efdf2f-adba-4ce3-980a-24da7a3a13a3 unknown McConnell, J. R. , Chellman, N. J. , Mulvaney, R. , Eckhardt, S. , Stohl, A. , Plunkett, G. , Kipfstuhl, S. orcid:0000-0003-1495-5273 , Freitag, J. orcid:0000-0003-2654-9440 , Isaksson, E. , Gleason, K. E. , Brugger, S. O. , McWethy, D. B. , Abram, N. J. , Liu, P. and Aristarain, A. J. (2021) Hemispheric black carbon increase after the 13th-century Māori arrival in New Zealand , Nature, 598 (7879), pp. 82-85 . doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03858-9 <https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03858-9> , hdl:10013/epic.33efdf2f-adba-4ce3-980a-24da7a3a13a3 EPIC3Nature, 598(7879), pp. 82-85, ISSN: 0028-0836 Article isiRev 2021 ftawi https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03858-9 2021-12-24T15:46:40Z New Zealand was among the last habitable places on earth to be colonized by humans1. Charcoal records indicate that wildfires were rare prior to colonization and widespread following the 13th- to 14th-century Māori settlement2, but the precise timing and magnitude of associated biomass-burning emissions are unknown1,3, as are effects on light-absorbing black carbon aerosol concentrations over the pristine Southern Ocean and Antarctica4. Here we used an array of well-dated Antarctic ice-core records to show that while black carbon deposition rates were stable over continental Antarctica during the past two millennia, they were approximately threefold higher over the northern Antarctic Peninsula during the past 700 years. Aerosol modelling5 demonstrates that the observed deposition could result only from increased emissions poleward of 40° S—implicating fires in Tasmania, New Zealand and Patagonia—but only New Zealand palaeofire records indicate coincident increases. Rapid deposition increases started in 1297 (±30 s.d.) in the northern Antarctic Peninsula, consistent with the late 13th-century Māori settlement and New Zealand black carbon emissions of 36 (±21 2 s.d.) Gg y−1 during peak deposition in the 16th century. While charcoal and pollen records suggest earlier, climate-modulated burning in Tasmania and southern Patagonia6,7, deposition in Antarctica shows that black carbon emissions from burning in New Zealand dwarfed other preindustrial emissions in these regions during the past 2,000 years, providing clear evidence of large-scale environmental effects associated with early human activities across the remote Southern Hemisphere. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Antarctica ice core Southern Ocean Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar- and Marine Research (AWI): ePIC (electronic Publication Information Center) Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula New Zealand Patagonia Southern Ocean Nature 598 7879 82 85 |
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Open Polar |
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Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar- and Marine Research (AWI): ePIC (electronic Publication Information Center) |
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ftawi |
language |
unknown |
description |
New Zealand was among the last habitable places on earth to be colonized by humans1. Charcoal records indicate that wildfires were rare prior to colonization and widespread following the 13th- to 14th-century Māori settlement2, but the precise timing and magnitude of associated biomass-burning emissions are unknown1,3, as are effects on light-absorbing black carbon aerosol concentrations over the pristine Southern Ocean and Antarctica4. Here we used an array of well-dated Antarctic ice-core records to show that while black carbon deposition rates were stable over continental Antarctica during the past two millennia, they were approximately threefold higher over the northern Antarctic Peninsula during the past 700 years. Aerosol modelling5 demonstrates that the observed deposition could result only from increased emissions poleward of 40° S—implicating fires in Tasmania, New Zealand and Patagonia—but only New Zealand palaeofire records indicate coincident increases. Rapid deposition increases started in 1297 (±30 s.d.) in the northern Antarctic Peninsula, consistent with the late 13th-century Māori settlement and New Zealand black carbon emissions of 36 (±21 2 s.d.) Gg y−1 during peak deposition in the 16th century. While charcoal and pollen records suggest earlier, climate-modulated burning in Tasmania and southern Patagonia6,7, deposition in Antarctica shows that black carbon emissions from burning in New Zealand dwarfed other preindustrial emissions in these regions during the past 2,000 years, providing clear evidence of large-scale environmental effects associated with early human activities across the remote Southern Hemisphere. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
McConnell, Joseph R. Chellman, Nathan J. Mulvaney, Robert Eckhardt, Sabine Stohl, Andreas Plunkett, Gill Kipfstuhl, Sepp Freitag, Johannes Isaksson, Elisabeth Gleason, Kelly E. Brugger, Sandra O. McWethy, David B. Abram, Nerilie J. Liu, Pengfei Aristarain, Alberto J. |
spellingShingle |
McConnell, Joseph R. Chellman, Nathan J. Mulvaney, Robert Eckhardt, Sabine Stohl, Andreas Plunkett, Gill Kipfstuhl, Sepp Freitag, Johannes Isaksson, Elisabeth Gleason, Kelly E. Brugger, Sandra O. McWethy, David B. Abram, Nerilie J. Liu, Pengfei Aristarain, Alberto J. Hemispheric black carbon increase after the 13th-century Māori arrival in New Zealand |
author_facet |
McConnell, Joseph R. Chellman, Nathan J. Mulvaney, Robert Eckhardt, Sabine Stohl, Andreas Plunkett, Gill Kipfstuhl, Sepp Freitag, Johannes Isaksson, Elisabeth Gleason, Kelly E. Brugger, Sandra O. McWethy, David B. Abram, Nerilie J. Liu, Pengfei Aristarain, Alberto J. |
author_sort |
McConnell, Joseph R. |
title |
Hemispheric black carbon increase after the 13th-century Māori arrival in New Zealand |
title_short |
Hemispheric black carbon increase after the 13th-century Māori arrival in New Zealand |
title_full |
Hemispheric black carbon increase after the 13th-century Māori arrival in New Zealand |
title_fullStr |
Hemispheric black carbon increase after the 13th-century Māori arrival in New Zealand |
title_full_unstemmed |
Hemispheric black carbon increase after the 13th-century Māori arrival in New Zealand |
title_sort |
hemispheric black carbon increase after the 13th-century māori arrival in new zealand |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/55210/ https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03858-9 https://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.33efdf2f-adba-4ce3-980a-24da7a3a13a3 |
geographic |
Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula New Zealand Patagonia Southern Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula New Zealand Patagonia Southern Ocean |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Antarctica ice core Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Antarctica ice core Southern Ocean |
op_source |
EPIC3Nature, 598(7879), pp. 82-85, ISSN: 0028-0836 |
op_relation |
McConnell, J. R. , Chellman, N. J. , Mulvaney, R. , Eckhardt, S. , Stohl, A. , Plunkett, G. , Kipfstuhl, S. orcid:0000-0003-1495-5273 , Freitag, J. orcid:0000-0003-2654-9440 , Isaksson, E. , Gleason, K. E. , Brugger, S. O. , McWethy, D. B. , Abram, N. J. , Liu, P. and Aristarain, A. J. (2021) Hemispheric black carbon increase after the 13th-century Māori arrival in New Zealand , Nature, 598 (7879), pp. 82-85 . doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03858-9 <https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03858-9> , hdl:10013/epic.33efdf2f-adba-4ce3-980a-24da7a3a13a3 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03858-9 |
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Nature |
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598 |
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7879 |
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