Carbon Export in the Seasonal Sea Ice Zone North of Svalbard From Winter to Late Summer
Phytoplankton blooms in the Arctic Ocean's seasonal sea ice zone are expected to start earlier and occur further north with retreating and thinning sea ice cover. The current study is the first compilation of phytoplankton bloom development and fate in the seasonally variable sea ice zone north...
Published in: | Frontiers in Marine Science |
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2021
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Online Access: | https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/54363/ https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/54363/1/Peeken_Dybwad_2021_PS92.pdf https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.525800 https://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.106a78ef-c108-41cc-be19-f3e3018794c8 |
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ftawi:oai:epic.awi.de:54363 2024-09-15T18:30:32+00:00 Carbon Export in the Seasonal Sea Ice Zone North of Svalbard From Winter to Late Summer Dybwad, Christine Assmy, Philipp Olsen, Lasse M. Peeken, Ilka Nikolopoulos, Anna Krumpen, Thomas Randelhoff, Achim Tatarek, Agnieszka Wiktor, Józef M. Reigstad, Marit 2021 application/pdf https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/54363/ https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/54363/1/Peeken_Dybwad_2021_PS92.pdf https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.525800 https://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.106a78ef-c108-41cc-be19-f3e3018794c8 unknown https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/54363/1/Peeken_Dybwad_2021_PS92.pdf Dybwad, C. , Assmy, P. , Olsen, L. M. , Peeken, I. orcid:0000-0003-1531-1664 , Nikolopoulos, A. , Krumpen, T. orcid:0000-0001-6234-8756 , Randelhoff, A. , Tatarek, A. , Wiktor, J. M. and Reigstad, M. (2021) Carbon Export in the Seasonal Sea Ice Zone North of Svalbard From Winter to Late Summer , Frontiers in Marine Science, 7 . doi:10.3389/fmars.2020.525800 <https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.525800> , hdl:10013/epic.106a78ef-c108-41cc-be19-f3e3018794c8 EPIC3Frontiers in Marine Science, 7, ISSN: 2296-7745 Article isiRev 2021 ftawi https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.525800 2024-06-24T04:27:29Z Phytoplankton blooms in the Arctic Ocean's seasonal sea ice zone are expected to start earlier and occur further north with retreating and thinning sea ice cover. The current study is the first compilation of phytoplankton bloom development and fate in the seasonally variable sea ice zone north of Svalbard from winter to late summer, using short-term sediment trap deployments. Clear seasonal patterns were discovered, with low winter and pre-bloom phytoplankton standing stocks and export fluxes, a short and intense productive season in May and June, and low Chl a standing stocks but moderate carbon export fluxes in the autumn post-bloom conditions. We observed intense phytoplankton blooms with Chl a standing stocks of >350 mg m(-2) below consolidated sea ice cover, dominated by the prymnesiophyte Phaeocystis poucheti. The largest vertical organic carbon export fluxes to 100 m, of up to 513 mg C m(-2) day-1, were recorded at stations dominated by diatoms, while those dominated by P. poucheti recorded carbon export fluxes up to 310 mg C m(-2) day(-1). Fecal pellets from krill and copepods contributed a substantial fraction to carbon export in certain areas, especially where blooms of P. pouchetii dominated and Atlantic water advection was prominent. The interplay between the taxonomic composition of protist assemblages, large grazers, distance to open water, and Atlantic water advection was found to be crucial in determining the fate of the blooms and the magnitude of organic carbon exported out of the surface water column. Previously, the marginal ice zone was considered the most productive region in the area, but our study reveals intense blooms and high export events in ice-covered waters. This is the first comprehensive study on carbon export fluxes for under-ice phytoplankton blooms, a phenomenon suggested to have increased in importance under the new Arctic sea ice regime. Article in Journal/Newspaper Phytoplankton Sea ice Svalbard Copepods ice covered waters Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar- and Marine Research (AWI): ePIC (electronic Publication Information Center) Frontiers in Marine Science 7 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar- and Marine Research (AWI): ePIC (electronic Publication Information Center) |
op_collection_id |
ftawi |
language |
unknown |
description |
Phytoplankton blooms in the Arctic Ocean's seasonal sea ice zone are expected to start earlier and occur further north with retreating and thinning sea ice cover. The current study is the first compilation of phytoplankton bloom development and fate in the seasonally variable sea ice zone north of Svalbard from winter to late summer, using short-term sediment trap deployments. Clear seasonal patterns were discovered, with low winter and pre-bloom phytoplankton standing stocks and export fluxes, a short and intense productive season in May and June, and low Chl a standing stocks but moderate carbon export fluxes in the autumn post-bloom conditions. We observed intense phytoplankton blooms with Chl a standing stocks of >350 mg m(-2) below consolidated sea ice cover, dominated by the prymnesiophyte Phaeocystis poucheti. The largest vertical organic carbon export fluxes to 100 m, of up to 513 mg C m(-2) day-1, were recorded at stations dominated by diatoms, while those dominated by P. poucheti recorded carbon export fluxes up to 310 mg C m(-2) day(-1). Fecal pellets from krill and copepods contributed a substantial fraction to carbon export in certain areas, especially where blooms of P. pouchetii dominated and Atlantic water advection was prominent. The interplay between the taxonomic composition of protist assemblages, large grazers, distance to open water, and Atlantic water advection was found to be crucial in determining the fate of the blooms and the magnitude of organic carbon exported out of the surface water column. Previously, the marginal ice zone was considered the most productive region in the area, but our study reveals intense blooms and high export events in ice-covered waters. This is the first comprehensive study on carbon export fluxes for under-ice phytoplankton blooms, a phenomenon suggested to have increased in importance under the new Arctic sea ice regime. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Dybwad, Christine Assmy, Philipp Olsen, Lasse M. Peeken, Ilka Nikolopoulos, Anna Krumpen, Thomas Randelhoff, Achim Tatarek, Agnieszka Wiktor, Józef M. Reigstad, Marit |
spellingShingle |
Dybwad, Christine Assmy, Philipp Olsen, Lasse M. Peeken, Ilka Nikolopoulos, Anna Krumpen, Thomas Randelhoff, Achim Tatarek, Agnieszka Wiktor, Józef M. Reigstad, Marit Carbon Export in the Seasonal Sea Ice Zone North of Svalbard From Winter to Late Summer |
author_facet |
Dybwad, Christine Assmy, Philipp Olsen, Lasse M. Peeken, Ilka Nikolopoulos, Anna Krumpen, Thomas Randelhoff, Achim Tatarek, Agnieszka Wiktor, Józef M. Reigstad, Marit |
author_sort |
Dybwad, Christine |
title |
Carbon Export in the Seasonal Sea Ice Zone North of Svalbard From Winter to Late Summer |
title_short |
Carbon Export in the Seasonal Sea Ice Zone North of Svalbard From Winter to Late Summer |
title_full |
Carbon Export in the Seasonal Sea Ice Zone North of Svalbard From Winter to Late Summer |
title_fullStr |
Carbon Export in the Seasonal Sea Ice Zone North of Svalbard From Winter to Late Summer |
title_full_unstemmed |
Carbon Export in the Seasonal Sea Ice Zone North of Svalbard From Winter to Late Summer |
title_sort |
carbon export in the seasonal sea ice zone north of svalbard from winter to late summer |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/54363/ https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/54363/1/Peeken_Dybwad_2021_PS92.pdf https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.525800 https://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.106a78ef-c108-41cc-be19-f3e3018794c8 |
genre |
Phytoplankton Sea ice Svalbard Copepods ice covered waters |
genre_facet |
Phytoplankton Sea ice Svalbard Copepods ice covered waters |
op_source |
EPIC3Frontiers in Marine Science, 7, ISSN: 2296-7745 |
op_relation |
https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/54363/1/Peeken_Dybwad_2021_PS92.pdf Dybwad, C. , Assmy, P. , Olsen, L. M. , Peeken, I. orcid:0000-0003-1531-1664 , Nikolopoulos, A. , Krumpen, T. orcid:0000-0001-6234-8756 , Randelhoff, A. , Tatarek, A. , Wiktor, J. M. and Reigstad, M. (2021) Carbon Export in the Seasonal Sea Ice Zone North of Svalbard From Winter to Late Summer , Frontiers in Marine Science, 7 . doi:10.3389/fmars.2020.525800 <https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.525800> , hdl:10013/epic.106a78ef-c108-41cc-be19-f3e3018794c8 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.525800 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Marine Science |
container_volume |
7 |
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1810471995516649472 |