Fish embryo vulnerability to combined acidification and warming coincides with a low capacity for homeostatic regulation
The vulnerability of fish embryos and larvae to environmental factors is often attributed to a lack of adult-like organ systems (gills) and thus insufficient homeostatic capacity. However, experimental data supporting this hypothesis are scarce. Here, by using Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) as a model,...
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ftawi:oai:epic.awi.de:52355 2024-09-15T17:55:34+00:00 Fish embryo vulnerability to combined acidification and warming coincides with a low capacity for homeostatic regulation Dahlke, Flemming Lucassen, Magnus Bickmeyer, Ulf Wohlrab, Sylke Puvanendran, Velmurugu Mortensen, Atle Chierici, Melissa Pörtner, Hans-Otto Storch, Daniela 2020 https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/52355/ https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.212589 https://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.5507d777-665c-4936-9acc-34573911bc38 unknown Dahlke, F. , Lucassen, M. orcid:0000-0003-4276-4781 , Bickmeyer, U. orcid:0000-0002-5351-2902 , Wohlrab, S. orcid:0000-0003-3190-0880 , Puvanendran, V. , Mortensen, A. , Chierici, M. , Pörtner, H. O. orcid:0000-0001-6535-6575 and Storch, D. orcid:0000-0003-3090-7554 (2020) Fish embryo vulnerability to combined acidification and warming coincides with a low capacity for homeostatic regulation , The Journal of Experimental Biology, 223 (11), jeb212589 . doi:10.1242/jeb.212589 <https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.212589> , hdl:10013/epic.5507d777-665c-4936-9acc-34573911bc38 EPIC3The Journal of Experimental Biology, 223(11), pp. jeb212589, ISSN: 0022-0949 Article isiRev 2020 ftawi https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.212589 2024-06-24T04:24:41Z The vulnerability of fish embryos and larvae to environmental factors is often attributed to a lack of adult-like organ systems (gills) and thus insufficient homeostatic capacity. However, experimental data supporting this hypothesis are scarce. Here, by using Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) as a model, the relationship between embryo vulnerability (to projected ocean acidification and warming) and homeostatic capacity was explored through parallel analyses of stage-specific mortality and in vitro activity and expression of major ion pumps (ATP-synthase, Na+/K+-ATPase, H+-ATPase) and co-transporters (NBC1, NKCC1). Immunolocalization of these transporters was used to study ionocyte morphology in newly hatched larvae. Treatment-related embryo mortality until hatching (+20% due to acidification and warming) occurred primarily during an early period (gastrulation) characterized by extremely low ion transport capacity. Thereafter, embryo mortality decreased in parallel with an exponential increase in activity and expression of all investigated ion transporters. Significant changes in transporter activity and expression in response to acidification (+15% activity) and warming (−30% expression) indicate some potential for short-term acclimatization, although this is probably associated with energetic trade-offs. Interestingly, whole-larvae enzyme activity (supported by abundant epidermal ionocytes) reached levels similar to those previously measured in gill tissue of adult cod, suggesting that early-life stages without functional gills are better equipped in terms of ion homeostasis than previously thought. This study implies that the gastrulation period represents a critical transition from inherited (maternal) defenses to active homeostatic regulation, which facilitates enhanced resilience of later stages to environmental factors. Article in Journal/Newspaper atlantic cod Gadus morhua Ocean acidification Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar- and Marine Research (AWI): ePIC (electronic Publication Information Center) Journal of Experimental Biology |
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Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar- and Marine Research (AWI): ePIC (electronic Publication Information Center) |
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ftawi |
language |
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description |
The vulnerability of fish embryos and larvae to environmental factors is often attributed to a lack of adult-like organ systems (gills) and thus insufficient homeostatic capacity. However, experimental data supporting this hypothesis are scarce. Here, by using Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) as a model, the relationship between embryo vulnerability (to projected ocean acidification and warming) and homeostatic capacity was explored through parallel analyses of stage-specific mortality and in vitro activity and expression of major ion pumps (ATP-synthase, Na+/K+-ATPase, H+-ATPase) and co-transporters (NBC1, NKCC1). Immunolocalization of these transporters was used to study ionocyte morphology in newly hatched larvae. Treatment-related embryo mortality until hatching (+20% due to acidification and warming) occurred primarily during an early period (gastrulation) characterized by extremely low ion transport capacity. Thereafter, embryo mortality decreased in parallel with an exponential increase in activity and expression of all investigated ion transporters. Significant changes in transporter activity and expression in response to acidification (+15% activity) and warming (−30% expression) indicate some potential for short-term acclimatization, although this is probably associated with energetic trade-offs. Interestingly, whole-larvae enzyme activity (supported by abundant epidermal ionocytes) reached levels similar to those previously measured in gill tissue of adult cod, suggesting that early-life stages without functional gills are better equipped in terms of ion homeostasis than previously thought. This study implies that the gastrulation period represents a critical transition from inherited (maternal) defenses to active homeostatic regulation, which facilitates enhanced resilience of later stages to environmental factors. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Dahlke, Flemming Lucassen, Magnus Bickmeyer, Ulf Wohlrab, Sylke Puvanendran, Velmurugu Mortensen, Atle Chierici, Melissa Pörtner, Hans-Otto Storch, Daniela |
spellingShingle |
Dahlke, Flemming Lucassen, Magnus Bickmeyer, Ulf Wohlrab, Sylke Puvanendran, Velmurugu Mortensen, Atle Chierici, Melissa Pörtner, Hans-Otto Storch, Daniela Fish embryo vulnerability to combined acidification and warming coincides with a low capacity for homeostatic regulation |
author_facet |
Dahlke, Flemming Lucassen, Magnus Bickmeyer, Ulf Wohlrab, Sylke Puvanendran, Velmurugu Mortensen, Atle Chierici, Melissa Pörtner, Hans-Otto Storch, Daniela |
author_sort |
Dahlke, Flemming |
title |
Fish embryo vulnerability to combined acidification and warming coincides with a low capacity for homeostatic regulation |
title_short |
Fish embryo vulnerability to combined acidification and warming coincides with a low capacity for homeostatic regulation |
title_full |
Fish embryo vulnerability to combined acidification and warming coincides with a low capacity for homeostatic regulation |
title_fullStr |
Fish embryo vulnerability to combined acidification and warming coincides with a low capacity for homeostatic regulation |
title_full_unstemmed |
Fish embryo vulnerability to combined acidification and warming coincides with a low capacity for homeostatic regulation |
title_sort |
fish embryo vulnerability to combined acidification and warming coincides with a low capacity for homeostatic regulation |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/52355/ https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.212589 https://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.5507d777-665c-4936-9acc-34573911bc38 |
genre |
atlantic cod Gadus morhua Ocean acidification |
genre_facet |
atlantic cod Gadus morhua Ocean acidification |
op_source |
EPIC3The Journal of Experimental Biology, 223(11), pp. jeb212589, ISSN: 0022-0949 |
op_relation |
Dahlke, F. , Lucassen, M. orcid:0000-0003-4276-4781 , Bickmeyer, U. orcid:0000-0002-5351-2902 , Wohlrab, S. orcid:0000-0003-3190-0880 , Puvanendran, V. , Mortensen, A. , Chierici, M. , Pörtner, H. O. orcid:0000-0001-6535-6575 and Storch, D. orcid:0000-0003-3090-7554 (2020) Fish embryo vulnerability to combined acidification and warming coincides with a low capacity for homeostatic regulation , The Journal of Experimental Biology, 223 (11), jeb212589 . doi:10.1242/jeb.212589 <https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.212589> , hdl:10013/epic.5507d777-665c-4936-9acc-34573911bc38 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.212589 |
container_title |
Journal of Experimental Biology |
_version_ |
1810431831040851968 |