Predatory zooplankton on the move: likelihood of poleward range shifts and their consequences for Antarctic and Arctic food webs
Climate change proceeding at unprecedented pace is currently redistributing life on Earth. Warming of the upper ocean and the atmosphere have altered sea ice extent and seasonal dynamics in the Arctic, and similar changes are observed in the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean and West Antarctic....
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Berichte zur Polar-und Meeresforschung
2018
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ftawi:oai:epic.awi.de:52249 2023-05-15T13:45:22+02:00 Predatory zooplankton on the move: likelihood of poleward range shifts and their consequences for Antarctic and Arctic food webs Havermans, Charlotte Hagen, Wilhelm Held, Christoph Auel, Holger 2018-03 https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/52249/ https://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.aaa2abff-4a0e-414c-8cd9-efd8049f60b6 unknown Berichte zur Polar-und Meeresforschung Havermans, C. orcid:0000-0002-1126-4074 , Hagen, W. , Held, C. orcid:0000-0001-8854-3234 and Auel, H. (2018) Predatory zooplankton on the move: likelihood of poleward range shifts and their consequences for Antarctic and Arctic food webs , 27th International Polar Conference, Rostock, Germany, March 2018 - unspecified . hdl:10013/epic.aaa2abff-4a0e-414c-8cd9-efd8049f60b6 EPIC327th International Polar Conference, Rostock, Germany, 2018-03Bremerhaven, Berichte zur Polar-und Meeresforschung Conference notRev 2018 ftawi 2021-12-24T15:45:38Z Climate change proceeding at unprecedented pace is currently redistributing life on Earth. Warming of the upper ocean and the atmosphere have altered sea ice extent and seasonal dynamics in the Arctic, and similar changes are observed in the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean and West Antarctic. This affects stocks of major pelagic species such as krill. A so far neglected key player, the predatory amphipod genus Themisto, covers a distribution from temperate to polar regions where it regionally represents the dominant food source for higher trophic levels. Poleward range expansions of several Themisto species have been already been documented or predicted as warming continues. In the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean, changes in seasonal sea ice extension are causing strong annual variations of krill stocks, whilst salps are on the rise and shifting their distribution poleward. A third key player, Themisto gaudichaudii, is now also anticipated to extend its range southward. In the Arctic, the ice-dependent Arctic T. libellula and the sub-Arctic boreal T. abyssorum co-exist. Considering the ongoing Atlantification of the Arctic, a range expansion of T. abyssorum concomitant with a retraction of T. libellula’s range are very likely to occur. Due to major knowledge gaps in the ecology, biology and genetic connectivity of Themisto species, the likelihood of range shifts and their consequences for food web structures and biogeochemical cycles remain largely unexplored. We conducted a comparative study of Themisto populations to investigate their distribution, connectivity and trophic ecology. Using population genetic methods, the species status and phylogeography of T. gaudichaudii, were characterized. A genetic homogeneity and high degree of phenotypic plasticity related to feeding morphology were revealed, indicating the potential of T. gaudichaudii lineages to thrive in regions further south. In order to predict the consequences of an increased predation pressure of T. gaudichaudii which may influence the standing stock of Antarctic krill and salps, feeding experiments and molecular diet analyses were carried out. Similar analyses were applied on Themisto species from the northern hemisphere, in order to characterize their genetic connectivity within and across different water masses (Atlantic vs. polar) in Fram Strait and East Greenland and compare with the Antarctic populations. Conference Object Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Krill Arctic Arctic Berichte zur Polar- und Meeresforschung Climate change East Greenland Fram Strait Greenland Sea ice Southern Ocean Themisto Zooplankton Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar- and Marine Research (AWI): ePIC (electronic Publication Information Center) Arctic Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic Greenland |
institution |
Open Polar |
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Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar- and Marine Research (AWI): ePIC (electronic Publication Information Center) |
op_collection_id |
ftawi |
language |
unknown |
description |
Climate change proceeding at unprecedented pace is currently redistributing life on Earth. Warming of the upper ocean and the atmosphere have altered sea ice extent and seasonal dynamics in the Arctic, and similar changes are observed in the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean and West Antarctic. This affects stocks of major pelagic species such as krill. A so far neglected key player, the predatory amphipod genus Themisto, covers a distribution from temperate to polar regions where it regionally represents the dominant food source for higher trophic levels. Poleward range expansions of several Themisto species have been already been documented or predicted as warming continues. In the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean, changes in seasonal sea ice extension are causing strong annual variations of krill stocks, whilst salps are on the rise and shifting their distribution poleward. A third key player, Themisto gaudichaudii, is now also anticipated to extend its range southward. In the Arctic, the ice-dependent Arctic T. libellula and the sub-Arctic boreal T. abyssorum co-exist. Considering the ongoing Atlantification of the Arctic, a range expansion of T. abyssorum concomitant with a retraction of T. libellula’s range are very likely to occur. Due to major knowledge gaps in the ecology, biology and genetic connectivity of Themisto species, the likelihood of range shifts and their consequences for food web structures and biogeochemical cycles remain largely unexplored. We conducted a comparative study of Themisto populations to investigate their distribution, connectivity and trophic ecology. Using population genetic methods, the species status and phylogeography of T. gaudichaudii, were characterized. A genetic homogeneity and high degree of phenotypic plasticity related to feeding morphology were revealed, indicating the potential of T. gaudichaudii lineages to thrive in regions further south. In order to predict the consequences of an increased predation pressure of T. gaudichaudii which may influence the standing stock of Antarctic krill and salps, feeding experiments and molecular diet analyses were carried out. Similar analyses were applied on Themisto species from the northern hemisphere, in order to characterize their genetic connectivity within and across different water masses (Atlantic vs. polar) in Fram Strait and East Greenland and compare with the Antarctic populations. |
format |
Conference Object |
author |
Havermans, Charlotte Hagen, Wilhelm Held, Christoph Auel, Holger |
spellingShingle |
Havermans, Charlotte Hagen, Wilhelm Held, Christoph Auel, Holger Predatory zooplankton on the move: likelihood of poleward range shifts and their consequences for Antarctic and Arctic food webs |
author_facet |
Havermans, Charlotte Hagen, Wilhelm Held, Christoph Auel, Holger |
author_sort |
Havermans, Charlotte |
title |
Predatory zooplankton on the move: likelihood of poleward range shifts and their consequences for Antarctic and Arctic food webs |
title_short |
Predatory zooplankton on the move: likelihood of poleward range shifts and their consequences for Antarctic and Arctic food webs |
title_full |
Predatory zooplankton on the move: likelihood of poleward range shifts and their consequences for Antarctic and Arctic food webs |
title_fullStr |
Predatory zooplankton on the move: likelihood of poleward range shifts and their consequences for Antarctic and Arctic food webs |
title_full_unstemmed |
Predatory zooplankton on the move: likelihood of poleward range shifts and their consequences for Antarctic and Arctic food webs |
title_sort |
predatory zooplankton on the move: likelihood of poleward range shifts and their consequences for antarctic and arctic food webs |
publisher |
Berichte zur Polar-und Meeresforschung |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/52249/ https://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.aaa2abff-4a0e-414c-8cd9-efd8049f60b6 |
geographic |
Arctic Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic Greenland |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic Greenland |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Krill Arctic Arctic Berichte zur Polar- und Meeresforschung Climate change East Greenland Fram Strait Greenland Sea ice Southern Ocean Themisto Zooplankton |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Krill Arctic Arctic Berichte zur Polar- und Meeresforschung Climate change East Greenland Fram Strait Greenland Sea ice Southern Ocean Themisto Zooplankton |
op_source |
EPIC327th International Polar Conference, Rostock, Germany, 2018-03Bremerhaven, Berichte zur Polar-und Meeresforschung |
op_relation |
Havermans, C. orcid:0000-0002-1126-4074 , Hagen, W. , Held, C. orcid:0000-0001-8854-3234 and Auel, H. (2018) Predatory zooplankton on the move: likelihood of poleward range shifts and their consequences for Antarctic and Arctic food webs , 27th International Polar Conference, Rostock, Germany, March 2018 - unspecified . hdl:10013/epic.aaa2abff-4a0e-414c-8cd9-efd8049f60b6 |
_version_ |
1766222091220156416 |