Unmanned Aerial Systems for Investigating the Polar Atmospheric Boundary Layer—Technical Challenges and Examples of Applications
Unmanned aerial systems (UAS) fill a gap in high-resolution observations of meteorological parameters on small scales in the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL). Especially in the remote polar areas, there is a strong need for such detailed observations with different research foci. In this study, thre...
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Online Access: | https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/51746/ https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/51746/1/atmosphere-11-00416.pdf https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/11/4/416 https://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.b60c8fa2-a9b4-47e3-a740-6c25cc10b045 https://hdl.handle.net/ |
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ftawi:oai:epic.awi.de:51746 2023-05-15T13:45:21+02:00 Unmanned Aerial Systems for Investigating the Polar Atmospheric Boundary Layer—Technical Challenges and Examples of Applications Lampert, Astrid Altstädter, Barbara Bärfuss, Konrad Bretschneider, Lutz Sandgaard, Jesper Michaelis, Janosch Lobitz, Lennart Asmussen, Magnus Damm, Ellen Käthner, Ralf Krüger, Thomas Lüpkes, Christof Nowak, Stefan Peuker, Alexander Rausch, Thomas Reiser, Fabian Scholtz, Andreas Sotomayor Zakharov, Denis Gaus, Dominik Bansmer, Stephan Wehner, Birgit Pätzold, Falk 2020-04-21 application/pdf https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/51746/ https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/51746/1/atmosphere-11-00416.pdf https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/11/4/416 https://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.b60c8fa2-a9b4-47e3-a740-6c25cc10b045 https://hdl.handle.net/ unknown MDPI https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/51746/1/atmosphere-11-00416.pdf https://hdl.handle.net/ Lampert, A. , Altstädter, B. , Bärfuss, K. , Bretschneider, L. , Sandgaard, J. , Michaelis, J. orcid:0000-0002-0564-2083 , Lobitz, L. , Asmussen, M. , Damm, E. orcid:0000-0002-1487-1283 , Käthner, R. , Krüger, T. , Lüpkes, C. orcid:0000-0001-6518-0717 , Nowak, S. , Peuker, A. , Rausch, T. , Reiser, F. , Scholtz, A. , Sotomayor Zakharov, D. , Gaus, D. , Bansmer, S. , Wehner, B. and Pätzold, F. (2020) Unmanned Aerial Systems for Investigating the Polar Atmospheric Boundary Layer—Technical Challenges and Examples of Applications , Atmosphere, 11 (4) . doi:10.3390/atmos11040416 <https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos11040416> , hdl:10013/epic.b60c8fa2-a9b4-47e3-a740-6c25cc10b045 EPIC3Atmosphere, MDPI, 11(4), ISSN: 2073-4433 Article isiRev 2020 ftawi https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos11040416 2021-12-24T15:45:27Z Unmanned aerial systems (UAS) fill a gap in high-resolution observations of meteorological parameters on small scales in the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL). Especially in the remote polar areas, there is a strong need for such detailed observations with different research foci. In this study, three systems are presented which have been adapted to the particular needs for operating in harsh polar environments: The fixed-wing aircraft M^2AV with a mass of 6 kg, the quadrocopter ALICE with a mass of 19 kg, and the fixed-wing aircraft ALADINA with a mass of almost 25 kg. For all three systems, their particular modifications for polar operations are documented, in particular the insulation and heating requirements for low temperatures. Each system has completed meteorological observations under challenging conditions, including take-off and landing on the ice surface, low temperatures (down to −28 °C), icing, and, for the quadrocopter, under the impact of the rotor downwash. The influence on the measured parameters is addressed here in the form of numerical simulations and spectral data analysis. Furthermore, results from several case studies are discussed: With the M^2AV, low-level flights above leads in Antarctic sea ice were performed to study the impact of areas of open water within ice surfaces on the ABL, and a comparison with simulations was performed. ALICE was used to study the small-scale structure and short-term variability of the ABL during a cruise of RV Polarstern to the 79°N glacier in Greenland. With ALADINA, aerosol measurements of different size classes were performed in Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard, in highly complex terrain. In particular, very small, freshly formed particles are difficult to monitor and require the active control of temperature inside the instruments. The main aim of the article is to demonstrate the potential of UAS for ABL studies in polar environments, and to provide practical advice for future research activities with similar systems. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic glacier glacier Greenland Ny Ålesund Ny-Ålesund Sea ice Svalbard Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar- and Marine Research (AWI): ePIC (electronic Publication Information Center) Antarctic Svalbard Ny-Ålesund Greenland Atmosphere 11 4 416 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar- and Marine Research (AWI): ePIC (electronic Publication Information Center) |
op_collection_id |
ftawi |
language |
unknown |
description |
Unmanned aerial systems (UAS) fill a gap in high-resolution observations of meteorological parameters on small scales in the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL). Especially in the remote polar areas, there is a strong need for such detailed observations with different research foci. In this study, three systems are presented which have been adapted to the particular needs for operating in harsh polar environments: The fixed-wing aircraft M^2AV with a mass of 6 kg, the quadrocopter ALICE with a mass of 19 kg, and the fixed-wing aircraft ALADINA with a mass of almost 25 kg. For all three systems, their particular modifications for polar operations are documented, in particular the insulation and heating requirements for low temperatures. Each system has completed meteorological observations under challenging conditions, including take-off and landing on the ice surface, low temperatures (down to −28 °C), icing, and, for the quadrocopter, under the impact of the rotor downwash. The influence on the measured parameters is addressed here in the form of numerical simulations and spectral data analysis. Furthermore, results from several case studies are discussed: With the M^2AV, low-level flights above leads in Antarctic sea ice were performed to study the impact of areas of open water within ice surfaces on the ABL, and a comparison with simulations was performed. ALICE was used to study the small-scale structure and short-term variability of the ABL during a cruise of RV Polarstern to the 79°N glacier in Greenland. With ALADINA, aerosol measurements of different size classes were performed in Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard, in highly complex terrain. In particular, very small, freshly formed particles are difficult to monitor and require the active control of temperature inside the instruments. The main aim of the article is to demonstrate the potential of UAS for ABL studies in polar environments, and to provide practical advice for future research activities with similar systems. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Lampert, Astrid Altstädter, Barbara Bärfuss, Konrad Bretschneider, Lutz Sandgaard, Jesper Michaelis, Janosch Lobitz, Lennart Asmussen, Magnus Damm, Ellen Käthner, Ralf Krüger, Thomas Lüpkes, Christof Nowak, Stefan Peuker, Alexander Rausch, Thomas Reiser, Fabian Scholtz, Andreas Sotomayor Zakharov, Denis Gaus, Dominik Bansmer, Stephan Wehner, Birgit Pätzold, Falk |
spellingShingle |
Lampert, Astrid Altstädter, Barbara Bärfuss, Konrad Bretschneider, Lutz Sandgaard, Jesper Michaelis, Janosch Lobitz, Lennart Asmussen, Magnus Damm, Ellen Käthner, Ralf Krüger, Thomas Lüpkes, Christof Nowak, Stefan Peuker, Alexander Rausch, Thomas Reiser, Fabian Scholtz, Andreas Sotomayor Zakharov, Denis Gaus, Dominik Bansmer, Stephan Wehner, Birgit Pätzold, Falk Unmanned Aerial Systems for Investigating the Polar Atmospheric Boundary Layer—Technical Challenges and Examples of Applications |
author_facet |
Lampert, Astrid Altstädter, Barbara Bärfuss, Konrad Bretschneider, Lutz Sandgaard, Jesper Michaelis, Janosch Lobitz, Lennart Asmussen, Magnus Damm, Ellen Käthner, Ralf Krüger, Thomas Lüpkes, Christof Nowak, Stefan Peuker, Alexander Rausch, Thomas Reiser, Fabian Scholtz, Andreas Sotomayor Zakharov, Denis Gaus, Dominik Bansmer, Stephan Wehner, Birgit Pätzold, Falk |
author_sort |
Lampert, Astrid |
title |
Unmanned Aerial Systems for Investigating the Polar Atmospheric Boundary Layer—Technical Challenges and Examples of Applications |
title_short |
Unmanned Aerial Systems for Investigating the Polar Atmospheric Boundary Layer—Technical Challenges and Examples of Applications |
title_full |
Unmanned Aerial Systems for Investigating the Polar Atmospheric Boundary Layer—Technical Challenges and Examples of Applications |
title_fullStr |
Unmanned Aerial Systems for Investigating the Polar Atmospheric Boundary Layer—Technical Challenges and Examples of Applications |
title_full_unstemmed |
Unmanned Aerial Systems for Investigating the Polar Atmospheric Boundary Layer—Technical Challenges and Examples of Applications |
title_sort |
unmanned aerial systems for investigating the polar atmospheric boundary layer—technical challenges and examples of applications |
publisher |
MDPI |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/51746/ https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/51746/1/atmosphere-11-00416.pdf https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/11/4/416 https://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.b60c8fa2-a9b4-47e3-a740-6c25cc10b045 https://hdl.handle.net/ |
geographic |
Antarctic Svalbard Ny-Ålesund Greenland |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Svalbard Ny-Ålesund Greenland |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic glacier glacier Greenland Ny Ålesund Ny-Ålesund Sea ice Svalbard |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic glacier glacier Greenland Ny Ålesund Ny-Ålesund Sea ice Svalbard |
op_source |
EPIC3Atmosphere, MDPI, 11(4), ISSN: 2073-4433 |
op_relation |
https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/51746/1/atmosphere-11-00416.pdf https://hdl.handle.net/ Lampert, A. , Altstädter, B. , Bärfuss, K. , Bretschneider, L. , Sandgaard, J. , Michaelis, J. orcid:0000-0002-0564-2083 , Lobitz, L. , Asmussen, M. , Damm, E. orcid:0000-0002-1487-1283 , Käthner, R. , Krüger, T. , Lüpkes, C. orcid:0000-0001-6518-0717 , Nowak, S. , Peuker, A. , Rausch, T. , Reiser, F. , Scholtz, A. , Sotomayor Zakharov, D. , Gaus, D. , Bansmer, S. , Wehner, B. and Pätzold, F. (2020) Unmanned Aerial Systems for Investigating the Polar Atmospheric Boundary Layer—Technical Challenges and Examples of Applications , Atmosphere, 11 (4) . doi:10.3390/atmos11040416 <https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos11040416> , hdl:10013/epic.b60c8fa2-a9b4-47e3-a740-6c25cc10b045 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos11040416 |
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Atmosphere |
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11 |
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416 |
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