Variation of isotope composition in kelps from Kongsfjorden (Svalbard)

• Published in: Marine Biology
• Main Authors: Buchholz, Cornelia, Lebreton, Benoit, Bartsch, Inka, Wiencke, Christian
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: unknown
• Published: Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2019
• Subjects: Svalbard; Kongsfjord*; Kongsfjorden
• Online Access: https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/49624/; https://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.0eb02678-db17-4d88-a93c-8cf297e05e2f

Kelp derived detritus is a potential food item at the base level of marine food webs. A good knowledge of the factors that influence stable isotope composition in kelps is essential for reliable food web models. The variation of stable isotope signatures was analysed in three species of kelp in Kongsfjorden, Svalbard. Between 15 and 2.5 m depth, towards higher photon fluence rate, Alaria esculenta was gradually enriched in 13C while 15N did not change. The carbon/nitrogen ratio decreased with depth. 2- and 3-year-old kelp individuals had significantly higher δ15N values in their blades than 5- and 6-year-old ones. C/N ratio in blades remained statistically the same over the range of 2 to 6 years old plants. A two-way ANOVA did not show any interactive effects between depth and age group. A. esculenta as well as Saccharina latissima and Laminaria digitata exhibited enrichment in heavy carbon isotopes in the blades compared to the stipes, while within each species, δ15N values remained the same between blades and stipes. A more detailed analysis of kelp blades showed that independent of location in the fjord, year or season, and species, young tissue was more enriched in 13C than meristem and that decaying apical tissue was depleted relative to young tissue. The degree of this 13C depletion varied with kelp species. Meristem tissue appeared most uniform in the blades compared to young and decaying tissues and its δ13C signature was characteristic for each species with no significant difference in δ15N values. Decaying tissue showed no difference in δ13C between species. Carbon and nitrogen contents along the blades were species specific and varied with growing location and year or season. Some advice is given on the temporal, spatial, and tissue related choice of samples for different research objectives.