Ice Algae-Produced Carbon Is Critical for Overwintering of Antarctic Krill Euphausia superba
Antarctic krill Euphausia superba (“krill”) constitute a fundamental food source for Antarctic seabirds and mammals, and a globally important fisheries resource. The future resilience of krill to climate change depends critically on the winter survival of young krill. To survive periods of extremely...
Published in: | Frontiers in Marine Science |
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Online Access: | https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/45595/ https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/45595/1/Kohlbach2017_iceAlgCarbDemKrill_Frontiers.pdf https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2017.00310 https://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.51698 https://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.51698.d001 |
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ftawi:oai:epic.awi.de:45595 2023-05-15T13:45:21+02:00 Ice Algae-Produced Carbon Is Critical for Overwintering of Antarctic Krill Euphausia superba Kohlbach, Doreen Lange, Benjamin A. Schaafsma, Fokje L. David, Carmen Vortkamp, Martina Graeve, Martin van Franeker, Jan A. Krumpen, Thomas Flores, Hauke 2017 application/pdf https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/45595/ https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/45595/1/Kohlbach2017_iceAlgCarbDemKrill_Frontiers.pdf https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2017.00310 https://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.51698 https://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.51698.d001 unknown https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/45595/1/Kohlbach2017_iceAlgCarbDemKrill_Frontiers.pdf https://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.51698.d001 Kohlbach, D. , Lange, B. A. , Schaafsma, F. L. , David, C. , Vortkamp, M. , Graeve, M. , van Franeker, J. A. , Krumpen, T. and Flores, H. (2017) Ice Algae-Produced Carbon Is Critical for Overwintering of Antarctic Krill Euphausia superba , Frontiers in Marine Science, 4 . doi:10.3389/fmars.2017.00310 <https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2017.00310> , hdl:10013/epic.51698 EPIC3Frontiers in Marine Science, 4, ISSN: 2296-7745 Article isiRev 2017 ftawi https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2017.00310 2021-12-24T15:43:20Z Antarctic krill Euphausia superba (“krill”) constitute a fundamental food source for Antarctic seabirds and mammals, and a globally important fisheries resource. The future resilience of krill to climate change depends critically on the winter survival of young krill. To survive periods of extremely low production by pelagic algae during winter, krill are assumed to rely partly on carbon produced by ice algae. The true dependency on ice algae-produced carbon, however, is so far unquantified. This confounds predictions on the future resilience of krill stocks to sea ice decline. Fatty acid (FA) analysis, bulk stable isotope analysis (BSIA), and compound-specific stable isotope analysis (CSIA) of diatom- and dinoflagellate-associated marker FAs were applied to quantify the dependency of overwintering larval, juvenile, and adult krill on ice algae-produced carbon (αIce) during winter 2013 in the Weddell-Scotia Confluence Zone. Our results demonstrate that the majority of the carbon uptake of the overwintering larval and juvenile krill originated from ice algae (up to 88% of the carbon budget), and that the dependency on ice algal carbon decreased with ontogeny, reaching <56% of the carbon budget in adults. Spatio-temporal variability in the utilization of ice algal carbon was more pronounced in larvae and juvenile krill than in adults. Differences between αIce estimates derived from short- vs. long-term FA-specific isotopic compositions suggested that ice algae-produced carbon gained importance as the winter progressed, and might become critical at the late winter-spring transition, before the phytoplankton bloom commences. Where the sea ice season shortens, reduced availability of ice algae might possibly not be compensated by surplus phytoplankton production during wintertime. Hence, sea ice decline could seriously endanger the winter survival of recruits, and subsequently overall biomass of krill. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Krill Euphausia superba ice algae Sea ice Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar- and Marine Research (AWI): ePIC (electronic Publication Information Center) Antarctic Weddell Frontiers in Marine Science 4 |
institution |
Open Polar |
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Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar- and Marine Research (AWI): ePIC (electronic Publication Information Center) |
op_collection_id |
ftawi |
language |
unknown |
description |
Antarctic krill Euphausia superba (“krill”) constitute a fundamental food source for Antarctic seabirds and mammals, and a globally important fisheries resource. The future resilience of krill to climate change depends critically on the winter survival of young krill. To survive periods of extremely low production by pelagic algae during winter, krill are assumed to rely partly on carbon produced by ice algae. The true dependency on ice algae-produced carbon, however, is so far unquantified. This confounds predictions on the future resilience of krill stocks to sea ice decline. Fatty acid (FA) analysis, bulk stable isotope analysis (BSIA), and compound-specific stable isotope analysis (CSIA) of diatom- and dinoflagellate-associated marker FAs were applied to quantify the dependency of overwintering larval, juvenile, and adult krill on ice algae-produced carbon (αIce) during winter 2013 in the Weddell-Scotia Confluence Zone. Our results demonstrate that the majority of the carbon uptake of the overwintering larval and juvenile krill originated from ice algae (up to 88% of the carbon budget), and that the dependency on ice algal carbon decreased with ontogeny, reaching <56% of the carbon budget in adults. Spatio-temporal variability in the utilization of ice algal carbon was more pronounced in larvae and juvenile krill than in adults. Differences between αIce estimates derived from short- vs. long-term FA-specific isotopic compositions suggested that ice algae-produced carbon gained importance as the winter progressed, and might become critical at the late winter-spring transition, before the phytoplankton bloom commences. Where the sea ice season shortens, reduced availability of ice algae might possibly not be compensated by surplus phytoplankton production during wintertime. Hence, sea ice decline could seriously endanger the winter survival of recruits, and subsequently overall biomass of krill. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Kohlbach, Doreen Lange, Benjamin A. Schaafsma, Fokje L. David, Carmen Vortkamp, Martina Graeve, Martin van Franeker, Jan A. Krumpen, Thomas Flores, Hauke |
spellingShingle |
Kohlbach, Doreen Lange, Benjamin A. Schaafsma, Fokje L. David, Carmen Vortkamp, Martina Graeve, Martin van Franeker, Jan A. Krumpen, Thomas Flores, Hauke Ice Algae-Produced Carbon Is Critical for Overwintering of Antarctic Krill Euphausia superba |
author_facet |
Kohlbach, Doreen Lange, Benjamin A. Schaafsma, Fokje L. David, Carmen Vortkamp, Martina Graeve, Martin van Franeker, Jan A. Krumpen, Thomas Flores, Hauke |
author_sort |
Kohlbach, Doreen |
title |
Ice Algae-Produced Carbon Is Critical for Overwintering of Antarctic Krill Euphausia superba |
title_short |
Ice Algae-Produced Carbon Is Critical for Overwintering of Antarctic Krill Euphausia superba |
title_full |
Ice Algae-Produced Carbon Is Critical for Overwintering of Antarctic Krill Euphausia superba |
title_fullStr |
Ice Algae-Produced Carbon Is Critical for Overwintering of Antarctic Krill Euphausia superba |
title_full_unstemmed |
Ice Algae-Produced Carbon Is Critical for Overwintering of Antarctic Krill Euphausia superba |
title_sort |
ice algae-produced carbon is critical for overwintering of antarctic krill euphausia superba |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/45595/ https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/45595/1/Kohlbach2017_iceAlgCarbDemKrill_Frontiers.pdf https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2017.00310 https://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.51698 https://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.51698.d001 |
geographic |
Antarctic Weddell |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Weddell |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Krill Euphausia superba ice algae Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Krill Euphausia superba ice algae Sea ice |
op_source |
EPIC3Frontiers in Marine Science, 4, ISSN: 2296-7745 |
op_relation |
https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/45595/1/Kohlbach2017_iceAlgCarbDemKrill_Frontiers.pdf https://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.51698.d001 Kohlbach, D. , Lange, B. A. , Schaafsma, F. L. , David, C. , Vortkamp, M. , Graeve, M. , van Franeker, J. A. , Krumpen, T. and Flores, H. (2017) Ice Algae-Produced Carbon Is Critical for Overwintering of Antarctic Krill Euphausia superba , Frontiers in Marine Science, 4 . doi:10.3389/fmars.2017.00310 <https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2017.00310> , hdl:10013/epic.51698 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2017.00310 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Marine Science |
container_volume |
4 |
_version_ |
1766220980013760512 |